# Why The US Covered Up Japan's Deadly WW2 Human Lab Experiments | Inside Unit 731 - Part 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LqB5fAHjyME Translation: zh-CN [00:15] I'll also say a few words. 我也说几句。 [00:17] So, Dad, could you go on? 那么，爸爸，你能继续吗？ [00:21] Well, maybe I'm greg. 嗯，也许我是格雷格。 [00:24] That's my father right there. 那是我父亲就在那里。 [00:27] When I was captured, I was sent to uh Manila, spent a week in Bib Prison. 当我被俘时，我被送到呃马尼拉，在比布监狱待了一周。 [00:35] The Japanese had told us that if anybody found out how they can kill them. 日本人曾告诉我们，如果有人发现他们如何能杀死他们。 [00:40] They tortured those men for several days and uh they made them dig their own graves and they executed. 他们折磨那些人好几天，呃，让他们挖自己的坟墓，然后处决了他们。 [00:51] So that Wow. 所以那哇。 [00:54] [sighs] [叹气] [00:55] This is the most I ever heard my dad talk about the experience. 这是我听过我父亲谈论这段经历最多的一次。 [00:59] We loaded on the train and took the train from there to the bottom man. 我们上了火车，从那里坐火车到了最底层的人。 [01:05] I had an active fever in the camp and was unconscious for 10 days. 我在营地里发高烧，昏迷了10天。 [01:12] The men were dying quite rapidly. 那些人死得相当快。 [01:16] He had injections. 他接受了注射。 [01:20] didn't know what for. 不知道是为了什么。 [01:25] Unit 731 was created to research and study bacterological weapons 731部队是为了研究和细菌武器而建立的。 [01:32] and also for testing them out on live human beings. 并且用于在活人身上进行测试。 [01:37] What the members of unit 71 did was to completely pervert the ideas of medicine and science. 731部队的成员所做的就是完全扭曲了医学和科学的理念。 [01:45] But it was completely excised from the record. 但这完全从记录中被删除了。 [01:49] Until the government stops the cover up of what happened, we're never going to know. 除非政府停止对发生事件的掩盖，我们永远不会知道真相。 [01:59] 1. 1。 [02:35] For Emperor Hirohito and for Japanese militarism, the war was lost. 对于裕仁天皇和日本军国主义来说，战争已经失败了。 [02:37] Japan suited for peace. 日本寻求和平。 [02:40] As suddenly as it started, the war came to an end and surrender ceremonies aboard the Missouri. 战争像它突然开始一样突然结束，并在密苏里号上举行了投降仪式。 [02:47] Without being invaded, without losing a foot of homeland, Japan was surely and utterly defeated. 没有遭到入侵，没有失去一寸国土，日本却确实被彻底击败了。 [03:07] I'm drawn to good stories and trying to write in justice. 我被好故事吸引，并试图以正义为题材写作。 [03:18] I got to know Martha Galhorn very well when she lived in Wales and at the end of the evening she said you see Peter our job is to get it on the record because if you don't the bastards win. 我深入了解玛莎·盖尔霍恩，当时她住在威尔士；晚上结束时她说，你看彼得，我们的工作就是把它记录下来，因为如果你不这样做，那些混蛋就赢了。 [03:34] There was a unit in the Japanese 日本有一个单位 [03:37] Imperial Army which had carried out biological warfare experiments on human beings and it was shocking. 进行过人体生物战实验的帝国陆军，这令人震惊。 [03:46] It was genuinely shocking. 这确实令人震惊。 [03:49] During World War II, the Japanese fascists set up special plants in the vicinity of Harbin in northeast China for research into and manufacture of bacteriological weapons. 第二次世界大战期间，日本法西斯在中国东北哈尔滨附近设立了专门工厂，用于研究和制造细菌武器。 [04:03] Many Chinese citizens were used as victims of experiments with bacteriological weapons. 许多中国公民被用作细菌武器实验的受害者。 [04:09] Lest their monstrous crimes be exposed. 以免他们骇人听闻的罪行被揭露。 [04:11] Japanese bacteriological war criminals destroyed these plants at the time of their defeat. 日本细菌战犯在战败时摧毁了这些工厂。 [04:19] And so we asked ourselves the question, so what happened to them? 于是我们问自己一个问题，他们后来怎么样了？ [04:24] We decided to target as many of the unit 731 scientists. 我们决定以尽可能多的731部队科学家为目标。 [04:31] We did find a number. 我们确实找到了一些。 [04:34] One of them had become the president of the Japanese equivalent of the British Medical 其中一人成为了相当于英国医学会的日本机构的主席。 [04:38] Association. 协会。 [04:40] And so we decided that we would try and confront one of them. 于是我们决定尝试去面对他们中的一个。 [04:46] Dr. Kasahara was an emeritus professor at a major hospital. 笠原博士是一家大医院的荣誉教授。 [04:54] Our plan was to walk straight in and find him. 我们的计划是直接走进去找到他。 [04:58] We just walked through the front door. 我们径直走进了前门。 [05:01] We got in the lift. 我们进了电梯。 [05:03] We went out to floor 5 and he was in his office sitting behind his desk. 我们到了五楼，他正坐在办公室的桌子后面。 [05:09] I said to him, "Good morning. 我对他说：“早上好。 [05:12] We'd like to ask you about your activities working for unit 731." 我们想问问你在731部队的活动。” [05:15] And there was a long pause. 然后是一段长时间的沉默。 [05:19] And then he said, "Yes." 然后他说：“是的。” [05:23] Dr. Shiro Kasahara, he's written many medical publications. 笠原四郎博士，他写了许多医学出版物。 [05:27] Some of them, I told him, undoubtedly based on his human experiments at Ping Fan. 我告诉他，其中一些无疑基于他在平房的人体实验。 [05:34] Kasahara admitted that he was ashamed of being involved and then he tried to 笠原承认他为自己参与其中感到羞愧，然后他试图 [05:39] Mitigate that guilt by saying that I think it was only six people. 通过说我认为只有六个人来减轻那种负罪感。 [05:43] But to experiment on, let alone to kill, even one is against the Geneva Convention, never mind medical ethics, really. 但是进行实验，更不用说杀死一个人，就违反了《日内瓦公约》，更不用说医学伦理了，真的。 [05:57] Yes, I think it was a contravention. 是的，我认为这是一种违反行为。 [06:04] Hey, [music] 嘿，[音乐] [06:04] I think the Japanese army was wrong. 我认为日本军队是错误的。 [06:07] That's an admission of guilt without any doubt. 这毫无疑问是认罪。 [06:15] Very clearly at that time. 当时非常清楚。 [06:20] We were aware of the human experiments carried out by the Nazis in Germany. 我们意识到纳粹在德国进行的人体实验。 [06:24] All the scientists who've been involved in that had been prosecuted at Nuremberg. 所有参与其中的科学家都在纽伦堡受到了起诉。 [06:35] But this was one of 10,000 scientists and workers from unit 731 who slipped. 但这是来自731部队的1万名科学家和工人中逃脱的一个。 [06:42] Back into accepted Japanese society. 回到被接受的日本社会。 [06:46] It's quite extraordinary. 这相当非凡。 [07:01] I'm not talking. 我没在说话。 [07:16] Foreign [music] speech. 外语[音乐]讲话。 [07:25] Foreign speech. 外语讲话。 [07:44] [music] [音乐] [07:45] Fore speech. 前言。 [08:17] Over in Tokyo, Japanese war criminals face their trial led by ex- premers Tojo and Shigamitsu. 在东京，日本战犯在前首相东条英机和重光葵的带领下接受审判。 [08:27] At the Tokyo tribunals, no one was tried for bacterialological warfare. 在东京审判中，没有人因细菌战而受审。 [08:33] Nobody unit 731 was prosecuted. 没有人因731部队被起诉。 [08:36] Nobody was held accountable. 没有人被追究责任。 [08:51] A man named Dr. Murray Sanders was on General MacArthur's staff in 1945. 一位名叫默里·桑德斯博士的人在1945年是麦克阿瑟将军的参谋。 [08:58] My mission was biological warfare. 我的任务是生物战。 [09:02] I was to find what the Japanese had done. 我要查明日本人做了什么。 [09:05] That's when he began to sense the enormity of Japan's weapons campaign and impressed upon MacArthur the value of this research. 那时他开始意识到日本武器运动的巨大规模，并向麦克阿瑟强调了这项研究的价值。 [09:15] He said, "Well, get the data. 他说：“好吧，获取数据。 [09:18] We would not prosecute BW workers as war criminals." 我们不会将生物战工作人员作为战犯起诉。” [09:24] And the data came thick and fast after that. 此后数据大量而迅速地涌来。 [09:29] What happens is that the priorities of the cold war and in particular the confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union really started to take over the logic of the trials. 实际情况是，冷战的优先事项，尤其是美国与苏联之间的对抗，真正开始主导审判的逻辑。 [10:04] The United States took that material back to use for its own purposes. 美国拿走了那种材料，用于自己的目的。 [10:09] In developing its own weapons of mass destruction. 在开发自己的大规模杀伤性武器时。 [10:15] The Americans and Japanese were co-conspirators. 美国人和日本人是共谋者。 [10:19] The two governments orchestrated a selective amnesia about unit 731. 两国政府策划了对731部队的选择性遗忘。 [10:28] But it was a secret deal that would impact the very soldiers that were fighting for the United States. 但这是一项秘密交易，会影响到那些为美国而战的士兵。 [10:48] By 1942, the Japanese were celebrating victory in their first clashes with American land forces in the Philippines Corodor. 到1942年，日本人在菲律宾科雷吉多尔与美国地面部队的首次冲突中庆祝胜利。 [10:55] These American troops were force marched aboard Japanese ships and in horrific conditions they were taken to Korea. 这些美国军队被强行押上日本船只，在可怕条件下被带到朝鲜。 [11:03] They were joined by about a 100 British and Australian prisoners of. 大约100名英国和澳大利亚战俘也加入了他们。 [11:05] War and boarded trains to Manuria to a place called Mukden. 战争并登上火车前往满洲里一个叫奉天的地方。 [11:13] Fore! 前方！ [11:27] Foreign! Foreign! 外国！外国！ [11:35] Forchech. 福尔切奇。 [12:13] Kingian 金氏 [12:34] You 你 [13:10] [screaming] [尖叫] [13:14] 12, 14, 16, 18, 19 eggs. 12、14、16、18、19个鸡蛋。 [13:21] Oh my. 哦，天哪。 [13:30] And here's my dad. 这是我爸爸。 [13:33] My father was held by the Japanese in Buckton Manu. 我父亲曾被日本人关押在巴克顿马努。 [13:38] Oh, so young there. 哦，那么年轻的时候。 [13:42] [music] [音乐] [13:45] Remember that face, huh? 记得那张脸，是吧？ [13:50] This was taken on [music] the ship home after he was released. 这张照片是在他获释后回家的船上拍的。 [13:56] His eyes just look hollow. 他的眼睛看起来空洞无神。 [13:59] He's [music] vacant. 他[音乐]茫然若失。 [14:03] I knew early on that my dad was troubled. 我很早就知道我父亲心里有事。 [14:10] I mean, that wasn't explained to us, but 我的意思是，那件事没有向我们解释，但是 [14:15] Yeah, we just we we knew. 是的，我们只是，我们，我们知道了。 [14:20] My earliest memory of him is learning how to wake him up when he was having nightmares from his experiences. 我对他最早的记忆是学习如何在他因经历而做噩梦时叫醒他。 [14:30] I wasn't scared to do it. 我并不害怕这样做。 [14:33] I just wanted to help him in any way I could. 我只是想尽我所能帮助他。 [14:38] This is the NDA nondisclosure agreement. 这是保密协议。 [14:43] The Japanese prisoners of war were required to sign this when they were discharged, saying that they would not discuss with anyone anything that happened while they were a prisoner of war. 日本战俘在获释时被要求签署这份协议，声明他们不会与任何人讨论他们在战俘期间发生的任何事情。 [14:57] The United States government had said you can't talk about it. 美国政府曾说过你不能谈论这件事。 [15:01] Communications of any nature whether by personal visit, telephone, telegraph, letters by such persons from next to Ken and on and on. 任何性质的通信，无论是通过个人拜访、电话、电报、信件，由这些人从肯旁边等等等等。 [15:14] My dad said we were at war. 我爸爸说我们当时在打仗。 [15:17] Government needs me to do this. 政府需要我做这件事。 [15:19] Therefore, I'm not going to talk about it. 因此，我不打算谈论它。 [15:22] [music] [音乐] [15:27] For him, his patriotism and love of country superseded anything that he could have done to help himself because there was a greater good. 对他来说，他的爱国主义和对国家的热爱超越了他本可以为自身利益所做的任何事情，因为存在更伟大的利益。 [15:40] And I think that's how he thought of it. 我认为他就是这么想的。 [15:43] August 30th, 1945, the last beach head, Japan. 1945年8月30日，最后的滩头阵地，日本。 [15:48] The might of a free people had come at last to triumph over the lords of war. 自由人民的力量终于战胜了战争狂人。 [15:57] At Sugi Airport, General of the Army Douglas MacArthur, commander-in-chief of the United States Army forces in the Pacific, designated Allied Supreme Commander to accept the surrender of the Japanese. 在杉树机场，美国陆军太平洋部队总司令、被指定为盟军最高统帅的道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟上将接受了日本投降。 [16:40] In 1949, the military tribunal at Kabarov's USSR publicly tried 12 former members of the Japanese armed forces and convicted them of employing bacterialological weapons. 1949年，在哈巴罗夫斯克的苏联军事法庭公开审判了12名前日本武装部队成员，并判定他们使用细菌武器有罪。 [17:02] They had all plead guilty and they all had confessions. 他们全都认罪，并且都有供词。 [17:08] The trial itself, even though it's an international attempt by the Soviets to bring this to light, it was in some measure for the Soviets to show the deficiency of the Tokyo trial. 审判本身，尽管是苏联为揭露此事而做出的国际努力，但在某种程度上也是苏联为了展示东京审判的不足。 [17:21] At the Tokyo tribunals, the Americans deal was the Japanese scientists got off scot-free, but they also got paid for the information. 在东京法庭上，美国人的交易是日本科学家逍遥法外，但他们还因提供信息而获得了报酬。 [17:31] Some of them go on to establish corporations that became incredibly lucrative. 他们中的一些人后来创立了公司，这些公司变得极其赚钱。 [17:37] The Russians had imprisoned the 俄罗斯人曾监禁了 [17:40] Scientists they had captured. 他们捕获了科学家。 [17:43] They had prosecuted them and they had sent them to jail for 25 years. 他们起诉了他们，并将他们送进监狱25年。 [17:47] The contrast of the way that the West treated the unit 731 scientists couldn't be starker. 西方对待731部队科学家的方式对比再鲜明不过了。 [17:56] There were 12 men brought to trial specifically charged with the crime of unit 731's atrocities to which General MacArthur described as an entire communist hoax. 有12人被送上法庭，专门被指控犯有731部队暴行的罪行，而麦克阿瑟将军将其描述为一场彻头彻尾的共产主义骗局。 [18:10] Anything and everything that America particularly Douglas MacArthur wanted to discredit was a communist hoax. 美国，尤其是道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟，想要诋毁的任何事情都是共产主义骗局。 [18:17] The US government was determined to do this immunity deal rather than bring the perpetrators to justice. 美国政府决心进行这项豁免交易，而不是将肇事者绳之以法。 [18:40] I was presented with a box after dad 爸爸之后，我收到了一个盒子。 [18:42] Died. 去世了。 [18:45] My mother gave me this box and said, "Dad wanted you to have it." 我母亲把这个盒子给了我，并说：“爸爸想让你拥有它。” [18:53] About 200 pages of declassified, confidential and secret documents from the United States, Western Defense Command, Allied Forces. 大约200页来自美国、西部防御司令部、盟军的解密、机密和秘密文件。 [19:06] The utmost secrecy is essential in order to protect the interests of the United States and to guard against embarrassment. 为了维护美国的利益并避免尴尬，极度的保密至关重要。 [19:19] Things like [music] the Russians and they kept on asking the Americans if they could interview certain Japanese individuals. 比如[音乐]俄国人，他们一直问美国人能否采访某些日本个人。 [19:29] The Americans kept turning them down. 美国人一直拒绝他们。 [19:32] And these are Americans. 而这些是美国人。 [19:35] They knew. 他们知道。 [19:37] There is no way they can't say they didn't. 他们不可能说他们不知道。 [19:39] And the British can't say that they didn't know. 而英国人不能说他们不知道。 [19:51] Dad was an adventurer. 爸爸是个冒险家。 [19:54] He would come home from work. 他下班回家。 [19:58] He'd say, "Right, get a picnic together. 他会说：“好，准备野餐。 [20:00] We're off out. 我们出发了。 [20:05] It was a loving family, an absolutely amazing childhood. 那是一个充满爱的家庭，一个绝对美好的童年。 [20:11] You don't think of your father being in a prisoner of war. 你不会想到父亲曾是战俘。 [20:14] You just don't. 你根本不会。 [20:20] They had a hospital with Japanese doctors. 他们有一家医院，里面有日本医生。 [20:26] Dad worked in that hospital. 爸爸在那家医院工作。 [20:29] Dad was telling me what they were doing to his comrades, to people that he knew, operating without anesthesia. 爸爸告诉我他们对他战友、对他认识的人做了什么，在没有麻醉的情况下进行手术。 [20:41] He could hear them crying, screaming. 他能听到他们在哭喊、尖叫。 [20:49] Dad wanted recognition not just for 爸爸想要认可，不仅仅是为了 [20:53] Those who'd gone through sheer hell, but also those that were being treated as guinea pigs. 那些经历了地狱般折磨的人，还有那些被当作实验品的人。 [21:13] I had my first tumor removed in 1987. 我在1987年切除了第一个肿瘤。 [21:18] I've had nine removed in all following my sister's illness, the illness of other members of the family, siblings. 我总共切除了九个肿瘤，继我姐姐生病之后，还有其他家庭成员、兄弟姐妹生病。 [21:29] The questions were there. 问题一直存在。 [21:34] But I don't want this dark cloud hanging over me of not knowing what was he injected with. 但我不想让这团疑云笼罩着我，不知道他被注射了什么。 [21:41] How did it affect him? 它对他有什么影响？ [21:45] Have we got something or been given something that's altered our genetics in some way? 我们是否得到了某种东西，或者被给予了某种东西，以某种方式改变了我们的基因？ [22:05] [music] [22:14] Fore [22:16] [music] [22:38] speech. [22:41] Foreign [22:52] speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech. [22:58] [music] [23:13] Don't [23:23] Fore [23:38] [music] [23:43] speech. [music] [24:12] There was an orchestrated cover up by [24:15] the Japanese and US government that [24:18] lasted decades. [24:20] I think it's incredibly important to [24:23] acknowledge the harm of a prolonged [24:26] cover up and the moral harm of a [24:29] prolonged silence about such a traumatic [24:32] series of events. [24:44] My father ended up in Muckton, Manuria. [24:47] It was not a rosy picture. [24:54] When my father was liberated, he weighed [24:57] between 89 and 90 lbs, 21 years old. The [25:01] American doctors told him that he would [25:03] never have children because his body had [25:06] deteriorated so much that it had eaten a [25:08] lot of his internal organs and such. So [25:12] he came back to Henrietta and got [25:14] married and had six kids just to prove [25:16] him wrong. [25:23] He was in the hospital quite a lot and [25:26] was absent from my life. [25:34] And when he was at home, he was [25:36] typically in a lot of pain. [25:41] He would just randomly start suffering [25:43] from fevers that would keep him [25:45] bedridden for days. [25:48] It impacted the way my father lived the [25:50] rest of his life. [25:55] He told us a story about a time that he [25:57] was gravely ill. He remembers waking up [26:01] and seeing a Japanese doctor waving a [26:04] feather under his nose. Later, we [26:07] learned that they infected feathers. [26:09] That was one of the ways that they were [26:10] trying to figure out how to disseminate [26:12] some of these biological diseases. [26:17] Years later, my father had one of his [26:20] periodic fevers. The doctor ordered [26:23] blood tests and found that my father had [26:25] high levels of typhus in his blood. [26:30] And what the issue brought down was [26:35] growing up. I always wanted to measure [26:37] up to the courage that he had to survive [26:42] [snorts] three years in a prison camp. [26:47] And of course the men gathered around [26:48] me. They they will want to hide. He [26:51] said, "We'll hide you where the Japanese [26:53] can't find you." And I told him, I said, [26:55] "No." I said, "If I hide." [26:59] The Japanese were indifferent to the [27:02] suffering of Ps. [27:04] If the Japanese were experimenting with [27:07] uh vaccines and immunizations, [music] [27:10] it does illustrate that the doctors [27:12] involved have abandoned ethics because [27:15] they believe that the science is the [27:18] objective or the objective is you know [27:19] basically to win the war. [27:24] The Americans and Japanese orchestrated [27:26] a selective amnesia about unit 731. [27:30] They pushed it into the crypt of taboo [27:33] history [27:35] and hope that it never would be exumed. [27:56] There hers. [laughter] [28:06] What does she got? [28:24] My father [28:30] [music] [28:41] speech. Speech. Speech. [29:29] So you [29:39] Foreign [30:01] speech. Foreign speech. [30:17] [music] [30:21] You don't know. [30:25] [music] [31:00] Made [31:15] Whatever. [31:24] [music] [31:40] Yeah. [32:18] M saychech. Are you [32:38] speech? [32:44] Fore! Foreign! Foreign! [33:07] for [33:19] you. [33:26] Foreign speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech. [33:32] Not [33:39] only [33:54] since [33:57] she doesn't [34:00] His [34:09] testimony is very valuable because he [34:11] was a living witness. [34:14] It is irrefutable evidence of what [34:16] happened at unit 731. He has spoken out [34:20] about this and he wants to pass the [34:23] lessons of history on to the next [34:25] generation about the tragedy of war. [34:29] Fore [34:42] speech. [35:06] Are you [35:12] wonderful? [35:57] [music] [35:58] Look at that. [36:00] Some good zucchini. [36:02] [music] [36:03] My father was very territorial. [36:07] Wherever we lived, he would put up a [36:08] fence. [36:10] [music] [36:11] My daughters and I always talk about [36:13] generational trauma cuz every house [36:15] we've lived in, we put up fences. [36:18] [music] [36:18] I really love my father. He was fiercely [36:22] protective of his family, especially [36:24] since we were girls. [36:28] [music] [36:29] He had a great sense of humor, but he [36:32] was also very complex, a complex man. [36:42] In 1995, [36:44] [music] [36:44] I was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis [36:48] and I thought, what am I going to do [36:50] with my life? [36:51] I did it. I did it. [36:54] I said, "Oh, I'll research my dad." I [36:57] would stay up researching, just going [36:59] down one rabbit hole after another. [37:03] I started reading about how they would [37:06] conduct experiments on the men at [37:09] Muckton. [37:11] Why is everyone in the whole camp have [37:12] to get this injection? [37:16] What kind of shot is it? They wouldn't [37:18] tell him. [37:26] There's a lot of stuff he just didn't [37:28] didn't want to talk about, so I didn't [37:29] press it. and he was always worried the [37:32] shots were some kind of a biological [37:34] something [music] that would get passed [37:36] on through genes. [37:41] My dad's greatest fear was that what [37:44] happened to him to be passed on to me [37:48] and my sister. [37:50] I have multiple sclerosis. I had kidney [37:52] cancer 5 years ago, breast cancer a year [37:54] ago. [37:56] One of my daughters is sick with [37:58] seriatic arthritis. [38:01] And you have to wonder, you know, [38:10] the United States of America will [38:12] renounce the use of [music] biological [38:14] weapons. Biological warfare may [38:17] profoundly affect the health of future [38:19] generations. [38:20] The use of chemical and biological [38:22] weapons has long been viewed with [38:24] revulsion by civilized nations. No [38:26] peacemaking institution can ignore the [38:29] use of those dread weapons and still [38:32] live up to its mission. [38:36] [music] [38:58] My grandfather was Major Robert PT [39:04] [music] and he became a prisoner of war [39:07] after the fall of Singapore. [39:20] Oh, I know. [laughter] [39:22] This is grandpa here. [39:23] Yes, that's right. And you got officer [39:25] commanding. Yeah. Oh, yes. [39:28] My grandfather was sent to the [music] P [39:31] camp at Mukden. He was the senior [39:34] British officer within that camp and he [39:37] had responsibility of 100 men. [39:40] He was a really deep thinker. [39:44] He used to sit for ages with his pipe [39:46] puffing away in the corner. [39:49] He never spoke of [music] it at all. [40:07] That's definitely his writing. Yes, [40:10] he's written here at the back. The [40:12] Japanese made a practice of confiscating [40:15] diaries. I was anxious [music] to keep [40:17] some record of our daily life and [40:19] decided to devise some method of writing [40:22] which could not be revealed to the [40:24] Japanese. I set to work to learn [40:27] Russian. [music] As they knew I was [40:29] studying the language, they never looked [40:31] closely enough into it to detect the [40:34] differences. [40:35] It's the typed [music] version that he [40:37] did when he came back to the UK after he [40:40] was liberated. [40:41] Major Pety kept such great records of [40:44] what was going on in the camp. If it [40:47] weren't for his diaries, we might not [40:49] know exactly what happened. [40:52] Major Pety's diaries were probably the [40:54] only true record of what went on in [40:57] Mukden. They were that important. [41:00] 13th of February 1943, [music] [41:02] about 10 Japanese medical officers and [41:05] other ranks arrived today to investigate [41:08] the cause of a large number of deaths. [41:11] 14th of February, an enforced [41:13] inoculation of the PWS. [41:16] Two Americans died in hospital. [music] [41:19] Autopsies being performed on the [41:21] corpses. [41:23] And then on the 5th of June, [music] [41:25] inoculation, [41:27] roll call outdoors. third Japanese [41:30] medical investigation started. [music] [41:33] Everyone had about 40 cc's of blood [41:36] drawn off for a sedimentation test. [41:39] I wonder what the Japanese are doing [41:41] [music] with whatever information they [41:43] found from that. Yeah. [41:46] [music] [41:52] for [41:57] [music] [42:07] the risk of [music] maintaining a diary [42:08] as a prisoner of war would have been the [42:11] most terrible punishment. [42:15] One of the things I'm incredibly proud [42:17] of my grandfather is his foresight [42:20] gathering all [music] these pieces of [42:22] evidence together so that they are not [42:24] forgotten. [42:27] That he would be mindful that this would [42:30] help in the jigsaw puzzle of telling the [42:33] story of PS after the war. [42:52] This was the uh P reunion in [42:56] Albuquerque, New Mexico. [42:59] I was fortunate enough that I got to [43:01] meet a lot of the P survivors. [43:05] [music] [43:06] my father and some of the other PS, they [43:09] always wanted to get the truth out. You [43:12] know, are these health problems that I'm [43:14] having somehow related to [music] unit [43:16] 731? [43:22] This is a picture of my father and my [43:24] brother. [43:27] My older brother, Greg, first read about [43:29] what happened at Unit 731 in the Journal [43:32] of Atomic Scientists. [43:36] He became obsessed with unit 731 and [43:39] whether or not these experiments had [43:42] been done on my father and the other PS. [43:45] As far as I know, he's the only person [43:47] who ever lobbyed Congress. [43:50] I have secured a number of documents [43:53] which have not been published and I'm [43:55] going to be providing them to the US [43:58] Senate Veterans Affairs Committee. Have [44:01] two hearings before Congress. At that [44:04] time, I called for compensation for [44:06] these men because they were subjected to [44:08] some brutality during captivity. [44:13] Greg was really driving toward [44:15] compensation for these men to make right [44:19] what had happened to them. [44:29] I remember my brother telling me that [44:31] Senator John McCain [44:33] stated out loud that if there was any [44:36] attempt to bismerch the reputation of [44:39] Douglas MacArthur, he would not have [44:40] anything to do with it. That really [44:43] hampered the effort to uncover the cover [44:46] up because it was General MacArthur that [44:49] basically created the cover up. [44:53] So after years of effort, it seemed like [44:57] nobody was ever going to do anything [45:00] about Unit 731. [45:03] Go home. Don't talk about it. Forget [45:05] about it. [45:09] The coverups continued at the highest [45:11] levels. [45:14] Even to this day, it's an effort between [45:16] Japan and the United States government [45:18] to suppress knowledge about it. [45:29] All of us have struggled to deal with it [45:31] in our own way. [45:35] My father's P experience [music] has [45:38] been probably the core experience that [45:41] the rest of my life has been wrapped [45:42] around. [45:49] There are so many children of survivors [45:51] and [music] uh I think they all deserve [45:54] to know. [46:10] Our [46:20] government must bear the responsibility [46:22] for denying us the information [music] [46:24] from the files that they obtained from [46:27] unit 731 experiments. [46:30] Why have many of our group died suddenly [46:32] in their 50s? [46:35] Why have our children suffered [46:36] unexplained illnesses? Why are such [46:39] illnesses showing in our grandchildren? [46:44] That's just so incredibly [music] sad [46:47] and so unjust. [46:59] It's the legacy of war. It doesn't stop [47:03] when [music] peace papers are signed. It [47:06] continues for many, many families. [47:10] They've each got [music] their story to [47:11] tell. [47:18] Here we are [music] 80 years later and [47:20] there is still so much unknown. [47:28] The silence [music] that surrounded [47:30] these individuals [47:35] Their lived experience [music] [47:37] is quite overwhelming. [48:05] Hey Daddy, [48:07] I wrote you a song. [48:10] Now you remember how well I sang, Daddy. [48:12] So [48:14] don't criticize. [48:18] [music] [48:27] I grew up [singing] in the shadow [48:29] [music] [48:30] of the great world war. [singing] [48:35] Try to have courage [music] like my [48:38] father did before. [48:43] Searching for the [singing and music] [48:44] answers so I can bring them to the [48:48] light. [48:51] a family [music and singing] legacy. [48:53] I'll never give up fight [48:59] cuz it's a [music] miracle [49:02] I'm [singing] even here at all. [49:05] I love you, Daddy. [49:09] I [music] hope you did this up in [49:10] heaven.