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T cell priming
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Immunology students or researchers needing a clear breakdown of T cell activation steps.
TL;DR
T cell priming activates naive T cells via antigen presentation, requiring signal one (MHC-TCR binding) and signal two (co-stimulation via CD28-B7). Without both, T cells become anergic. Cytokines then drive differentiation into effector cells.
In This Video
- 00:00What is T Cell Priming?
Priming is the first activation of a naive T cell, requiring different rules than later encounters.
- 01:00Dendritic Cells Present Antigen
Dendritic cells in lymph nodes present processed antigen on MHC to naive T cells.
- 01:55Initial Contact via ICAM-1 and LFA-1
ICAM-1 on APC binds LFA-1 on T cell, bringing them close for TCR-MHC interaction.
- 03:23Signal One and Co-Stimulation
Correct antigen triggers stronger binding; signal one is MHC-TCR, signal two is B7-CD28.
- 06:14IL-2 Drives T Cell Proliferation
Activated T cells upregulate high-affinity IL-2 receptor and produce IL-2 to proliferate.
- 07:25Differentiation and the Immune Synapse
Cytokines direct T cell differentiation; the immune synapse is the communication interface.
- 09:07Summary of T Cell Priming Steps
Priming requires contact, signal one, co-stimulation, IL-2, and differentiation to produce effector T cells.