# S6-E2_imec MPW services - Part 2 - imec’s Silicon Photonics MPW service

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1bhL_Qoegvk

[00:03] Welcome everyone, good afternoon, good.
[00:05] Welcome everyone, good afternoon, good morning, good evening.
[00:07] Morning, good evening, and thank you very much for joining us.
[00:10] And thank you very much for joining us today.
[00:11] Today, as you see, we are back with a new.
[00:13] As you see, we are back with a new episode on this Euro practice webinar.
[00:16] Episode on this Euro practice webinar series on the multi-project wafer.
[00:18] Series on the multi-project wafer services.
[00:20] Services dedicated to imec technologies.
[00:24] Dedicated to imec technologies, and today we have a very special talk.
[00:26] And today we have a very special talk that we would like to share with you.
[00:29] That we would like to share with you, but before we go into that, please allow.
[00:33] But before we go into that, please allow me to spend a few minutes reminding you.
[00:35] Me to spend a few minutes reminding you some practicalities for the session of.
[00:37] Some practicalities for the session of today.
[00:38] Today, so as I was mentioning, in a few minutes.
[00:42] So as I was mentioning, in a few minutes, we will start with our talk, our speaker.
[00:45] We will start with our talk, our speaker is ready, and he will talk us about the.
[00:48] Is ready, and he will talk us about the imec's silicon photonics multi-project.
[00:50] Imec's silicon photonics multi-project wafer service.
[00:52] Wafer service, this will last for about 40 minutes, and.
[00:55] This will last for about 40 minutes, and then we will have a Q&A session after.
[00:57] Then we will have a Q&A session after that.
[00:59] That for now, as you may have noticed, your.
[01:01] For now, as you may have noticed, your microphone, camera, and chat are disabled.
[01:04] microphone camera and chat are disabled but after the presentation i will open
[01:07] but after the presentation i will open up the floor for questions and you will
[01:08] up the floor for questions and you will be able to interact with our speaker
[01:10] be able to interact with our speaker directly so hopefully we will have a
[01:13] directly so hopefully we will have a very fruitful and lively discussion as
[01:16] very fruitful and lively discussion as in the past times
[01:18] in the past times and now uh that's all i had to say on
[01:21] and now uh that's all i had to say on these parts of allow me please to
[01:23] these parts of allow me please to introduce myself
[01:25] introduce myself my name is maria martinez valado i lead
[01:28] my name is maria martinez valado i lead a team at imec responsible for the
[01:31] a team at imec responsible for the multi-project wafer services on imec
[01:33] multi-project wafer services on imec technologies and as you might have
[01:36] technologies and as you might have guessed i am i will be your host for
[01:38] guessed i am i will be your host for today's webinar as well as for the rest
[01:41] today's webinar as well as for the rest of the webinars of this series
[01:44] of the webinars of this series and as you can see this series consists
[01:46] and as you can see this series consists of three episodes a couple of weeks ago
[01:50] of three episodes a couple of weeks ago we had a very nice introduction and
[01:53] we had a very nice introduction and overview on biopics the imex silicon
[01:56] overview on biopics the imex silicon nitride photonics platform
[01:58] nitride photonics platform just here uh to remind you if you missed
[02:01] just here uh to remind you if you missed it or if you want to watch it again
[02:03] it or if you want to watch it again please go to the euro practice youtube
[02:06] please go to the euro practice youtube channel because in there you will find channel because in there you will find the recording of this episode and also the recording of this episode and also all the webinars that euro practice has all the webinars that euro practice has organized previously organized previously.
[02:16] then today we will have a very special then today we will have a very special talk as i was saying from dr mulham talk as i was saying from dr mulham holder on the multi-project wafer holder on the multi-project wafer service from imec of silicon photonics service from imec of silicon photonics technologies technologies.
[02:27] and finally in two weeks dr rumi and finally in two weeks dr rumi malashattergy and maritza tangariff will malashattergy and maritza tangariff will give us an overview of gallium nitride give us an overview of gallium nitride and soi technology for highly integrated and soi technology for highly integrated ganacies.
[02:40] ganacies so so with that please with that please allow me to introduce you to our speaker allow me to introduce you to our speaker of today.
[02:47] of today his name as i already said is molcam his name as i already said is molcam holder and he received his master degree holder and he received his master degree in photonics in 2012 from the university in photonics in 2012 from the university of kent and bub of kent and bub.
[02:58] after that he joined bub as a phd and after that he joined bub as a phd and his program was focused on integrated his program was focused on integrated semiconductor lasers using indium.
[03:07] semiconductor lasers using indium phosphide platforms.
[03:09] phosphide platforms he graduated in 2016 and then he became a postdoctoral researcher always at the uv.
[03:12] he graduated in 2016 and then he became a postdoctoral researcher always at the uv.
[03:14] a postdoctoral researcher always at the uv and he was working on designing and characterization of photonic integrated circuits to perform different kinds of research just to name a few laser dynamics or non-linearity of 2d materials using dice fabricated in different platforms like silicon silicon nitride or indium phosphate.
[03:15] uv and he was working on designing and characterization of photonic integrated circuits to perform different kinds of research just to name a few laser dynamics or non-linearity of 2d materials using dice fabricated in different platforms like silicon silicon nitride or indium phosphate.
[03:17] and he was working on designing and characterization of photonic integrated circuits to perform different kinds of research just to name a few laser dynamics or non-linearity of 2d materials using dice fabricated in different platforms like silicon silicon nitride or indium phosphate.
[03:19] characterization of photonic integrated circuits to perform different kinds of research just to name a few laser dynamics or non-linearity of 2d materials using dice fabricated in different platforms like silicon silicon nitride or indium phosphate.
[03:21] circuits to perform different kinds of research just to name a few laser dynamics or non-linearity of 2d materials using dice fabricated in different platforms like silicon silicon nitride or indium phosphate.
[03:24] research just to name a few laser dynamics or non-linearity of 2d materials using dice fabricated in different platforms like silicon silicon nitride or indium phosphate.
[03:26] dynamics or non-linearity of 2d materials using dice fabricated in different platforms like silicon silicon nitride or indium phosphate.
[03:29] materials using dice fabricated in different platforms like silicon silicon nitride or indium phosphate.
[03:31] different platforms like silicon silicon nitride or indium phosphate.
[03:34] nitride or indium phosphate currently mullham works as an r d project leader at imec in the theme of the silicon photonics multi-project wafer service.
[03:37] currently mullham works as an r d project leader at imec in the theme of the silicon photonics multi-project wafer service.
[03:39] project leader at imec in the theme of the silicon photonics multi-project wafer service.
[03:41] the silicon photonics multi-project wafer service.
[03:43] wafer service so with that i would like to invite mulham to the floor and i wish you all a very nice webinar so wolham thank you very much for joining us today.
[03:44] so with that i would like to invite mulham to the floor and i wish you all a very nice webinar so wolham thank you very much for joining us today.
[03:46] i would like to invite mulham to the floor and i wish you all a very nice webinar so wolham thank you very much for joining us today.
[03:49] floor and i wish you all a very nice webinar so wolham thank you very much for joining us today.
[03:52] webinar so wolham thank you very much for joining us today.
[03:54] for joining us today hello maria thanks for the nice product introduction and i would like to welcome everyone to this webinar.
[03:56] hello maria thanks for the nice product introduction and i would like to welcome everyone to this webinar.
[03:59] introduction and i would like to welcome everyone to this webinar.
[04:01] welcome everyone to this webinar so it is about silicon photonics mbw surface and the outline of this.
[04:03] so it is about silicon photonics mbw surface and the outline of this.
[04:05] silicon photonics mbw surface and the outline of this.
[04:07] outline of this webinar with will be as following we.
[04:10] webinar with will be as following we will have introduction after that i will.
[04:13] will have introduction after that i will introduce imac platforms.
[04:15] introduce imac platforms then i will explain the available.
[04:17] then i will explain the available options for packaging and i will.
[04:19] options for packaging and i will conclude by showing you how you can.
[04:21] conclude by showing you how you can access imac technology.
[04:23] access imac technology so let's start with introduction and it.
[04:25] so let's start with introduction and it will be about photonics integrated.
[04:27] will be about photonics integrated circuits and silicon photonics.
[04:30] circuits and silicon photonics i will start from very simple.
[04:33] i will start from very simple topic or issue if you have ray of light.
[04:36] topic or issue if you have ray of light and this ray of light is passing from.
[04:39] and this ray of light is passing from a medium with high reflective index.
[04:41] a medium with high reflective index to a medium with raw reflective index.
[04:44] to a medium with raw reflective index in the surface between the two mediums.
[04:46] in the surface between the two mediums or in the interface you have several.
[04:49] or in the interface you have several scenarios either the light will be.
[04:51] scenarios either the light will be transmitted completely or it or.
[04:55] transmitted completely or it or part of this light will be.
[04:57] part of this light will be transmitted and the second part will be.
[04:59] transmitted and the second part will be reflected and we have interesting.
[05:01] reflected and we have interesting situation when.
[05:03] situation when the light will be completely reflected.
[05:06] the light will be completely reflected and this is what we call total internal.
[05:07] and this is what we call total internal reflection and that will happen when.
[05:10] reflection and that will happen when the angle of incidence is bigger what.
[05:12] the angle of incidence is bigger what than what is called a critical angle.
[05:16] than what is called a critical angle this is this is total this is what we call total internal reflection total.
[05:18] this is this is total this is what we call total internal reflection total.
[05:20] call total internal reflection total internal internal.
[05:22] internal internal reflection.
[05:23] reflection is the principle which we are using for.
[05:26] is the principle which we are using for fiber optics so in fiber optics you have.
[05:29] fiber optics so in fiber optics you have a core with high reflective index and.
[05:31] a core with high reflective index and it's surrounded with a cladding with low.
[05:34] it's surrounded with a cladding with low reflective index and the light is guided.
[05:37] reflective index and the light is guided via series of total internal reflection.
[05:40] via series of total internal reflection the same.
[05:41] the same concept is used in waveguides again we.
[05:44] concept is used in waveguides again we have.
[05:45] have we have.
[05:46] we have we have core with high reflective index.
[05:48] we have core with high reflective index and around it gliding with a low.
[05:51] and around it gliding with a low reflective index so if they are if the.
[05:53] reflective index so if they are if the waveguides and the optical fibers they.
[05:55] waveguides and the optical fibers they are using the same concept what is the.
[05:57] are using the same concept what is the difference between them.
[05:59] difference between them as you can see here i am showing in this.
[06:01] as you can see here i am showing in this picture.
[06:02] picture the waveguide and the optical fiber the.
[06:05] the waveguide and the optical fiber the width of the waveguide for example in.
[06:07] width of the waveguide for example in silicon photonics can be around 0.5.
[06:10] silicon photonics can be around 0.5 micron.
[06:11] micron while if you go to and check the diameter of the optical fiber it is around 10 10 micron so it is about 20 times difference.
[06:13] while if you go to and check the diameter of the optical fiber it is around 10 10 micron so it is about 20 times difference.
[06:16] diameter of the optical fiber it is around 10 10 micron so it is about 20 times difference.
[06:17] around 10 10 micron so it is about 20 times difference.
[06:20] 10 micron so it is about 20 times difference.
[06:22] difference beside this optical fibers are used to transfer or to or to carry data for long distance but for waveguides it is it is used to guide light or to connect between different optical components on what's called photonics integrated circuits.
[06:25] optical fibers are used to transfer or to or to carry data for long distance but for waveguides it is it is used to guide light or to connect between different optical components on what's called photonics integrated circuits.
[06:26] transfer or to or to carry data for long distance but for waveguides it is it is used to guide light or to connect between different optical components on what's called photonics integrated circuits.
[06:29] or to carry data for long distance but for waveguides it is it is used to guide light or to connect between different optical components on what's called photonics integrated circuits.
[06:31] for waveguides it is it is used to guide light or to connect between different optical components on what's called photonics integrated circuits.
[06:33] it is used to guide light or to connect between different optical components on what's called photonics integrated circuits.
[06:34] between different optical components on what's called photonics integrated circuits.
[06:37] optical components on what's called photonics integrated circuits.
[06:40] photonics integrated circuits.
[06:42] have photonics integrated circuits what is that.
[06:45] what is that photonics integrated it is the art of integration of several several optical functions on compact chip.
[06:47] photonics integrated it is the art of integration of several several optical functions on compact chip.
[06:49] integration of several several optical functions on compact chip.
[06:51] several optical functions on compact chip.
[06:52] chip optical functions what what what we mean by this it is either light emission light guidance with wavelengths filtering modulation photo detection or coupling.
[06:54] optical functions what what what we mean by this it is either light emission light guidance with wavelengths filtering modulation photo detection or coupling.
[06:56] by this it is either light emission light guidance with wavelengths filtering modulation photo detection or coupling.
[06:59] light emission light guidance with wavelengths filtering modulation photo detection or coupling.
[07:01] wavelengths filtering modulation photo detection or coupling.
[07:03] detection or coupling if you look to this chip we can see we have lasers and lasers.
[07:04] this chip we can see we have lasers and lasers.
[07:06] chip we can see we have lasers and lasers.
[07:08] lasers laser function is to a meta light we have we have also wave guides to guide.
[07:10] laser function is to a meta light we have we have also wave guides to guide.
[07:12] have we have also wave guides to guide the light we have detectors we have the light.
[07:14] we have detectors we have modulators we have also couplers we have modulators.
[07:16] we have also couplers we have filters.
[07:18] filters okay this is the photons integrated.
[07:20] okay this is the photons integrated circuits.
[07:21] circuits why we need photonics integrated.
[07:23] why we need photonics integrated circuits it is about scaling so we want to move from bulky.
[07:25] circuits it is about scaling so we want to move from bulky photonics to integrated photonics.
[07:27] to move from bulky photonics to integrated photonics.
[07:30] photonics to integrated photonics so if you have system and if you build system in a lab in on optical table.
[07:32] so if you have system and if you build system in a lab in on optical table using the uh.
[07:34] system in a lab in on optical table using the uh optical mechanical.
[07:35] using the uh optical mechanical component like mirrors and fiber optics.
[07:37] uh optical mechanical component like mirrors and fiber optics and other components you will have system like this.
[07:39] optical mechanical component like mirrors and fiber optics and other components you will have system like this.
[07:42] component like mirrors and fiber optics and other components you will have system like this.
[07:42] and other components you will have system like this but if you want your system to be more complex.
[07:44] like this but if you want your system to be more complex and if you want to add a lot of structure in your system you can end up with this.
[07:45] but if you want your system to be more complex and if you want to add a lot of structure in your system you can end up with this.
[07:47] complex and if you want to add a lot of structure in your system you can end up with this and that is really too much.
[07:49] and if you want to add a lot of structure in your system you can end up with this and that is really too much.
[07:52] structure in your system you can end up with this and that is really too much what we want to achieve with photonics integrated circuits.
[07:55] with this and that is really too much what we want to achieve with photonics integrated circuits.
[07:58] what we want to achieve with photonics integrated circuits we want to put a complex system or a lot of devices in small chip.
[08:00] photonics integrated circuits we want to put a complex system or a lot of devices in small chip here i am showing the cover of my bhd thesis.
[08:03] put a complex system or a lot of devices in small chip here i am showing the cover of my bhd thesis.
[08:06] a lot of devices in small chip here i am showing the cover of my bhd thesis you can see that we have here chip and.
[08:08] chip here i am showing the cover of my bhd thesis you can see that we have here chip and.
[08:10] bhd thesis you can see that we have here chip and.
[08:12] you can see that we have here chip and in this chip we have around 20 devices.
[08:15] in this chip we have around 20 devices including lasers.
[08:17] including lasers mirrors waveguides and modulators and i glued on top of copper mount and i am.
[08:23] glued on top of copper mount and i am putting it here on top of a paper of scientific paper and you can see this.
[08:30] see this this chip is smaller than one word.
[08:32] this chip is smaller than one word really that is really impressive.
[08:35] really that is really impressive good.
[08:37] good what is the advantages so we spoke about it about the photonics integrated circuits but what is the advantage of that.
[08:43] that as i said we want to have a small size instead of large systems we would like to increase the complexity so in the photonics integrated circuits you have building blocks.
[08:54] building blocks of micron scale and the size of the chip can be millimeter of centimeter if you want and this allows you to put really a lot of component there good.
[09:04] good more than more than this bix have uh less power consumption yeah.
[09:09] bix have uh less power consumption yeah that is very good taking into account now the increase in the lower prices.
[09:14] now the increase in the lower prices also
[09:15] also they have a smaller ecological footprint
[09:18] they have a smaller ecological footprint and that's also good for nature
[09:20] and that's also good for nature and they have
[09:22] and they have less cost which is good for our buckets
[09:25] less cost which is good for our buckets if we look to
[09:27] if we look to the types of photons integrated circuits
[09:29] the types of photons integrated circuits based on their material we have here i
[09:32] based on their material we have here i am using also
[09:34] am using also the critical bredit table you we have
[09:36] the critical bredit table you we have indium phosphate so here the indium in
[09:39] indium phosphate so here the indium in and here first of all we have also
[09:41] and here first of all we have also gallium arsenide gallium and arsenide
[09:43] gallium arsenide gallium and arsenide and you can note that both of them they
[09:45] and you can note that both of them they are in three five columns and this is
[09:47] are in three five columns and this is what we called the three five picks
[09:50] what we called the three five picks beside that we have silicon nitride
[09:52] beside that we have silicon nitride added last week
[09:54] added last week i think two weeks ago explained to you
[09:56] i think two weeks ago explained to you about
[09:57] about silicon nitride and we have silicon
[10:00] silicon nitride and we have silicon photonics
[10:01] photonics our star for today so we are going to
[10:04] our star for today so we are going to speak about silicon photonics but why we
[10:06] speak about silicon photonics but why we are going to speak about that
[10:08] are going to speak about that actually silicon photonics
[10:10] actually silicon photonics has broad range of applications
[10:13] has broad range of applications and
[10:14] and the main applications for silicon
[10:15] the main applications for silicon photonics is datacom and telecom.
[10:19] photonics is datacom and telecom the explosive.
[10:20] the explosive uh increase of the internet traffic and.
[10:24] uh increase of the internet traffic and that is this increase in the traffic.
[10:26] that is this increase in the traffic before the pandemic and and now.
[10:28] before the pandemic and and now especially after the abandonment after.
[10:29] especially after the abandonment after the cuvee where everyone is working from.
[10:32] the cuvee where everyone is working from home is leading data.
[10:34] home is leading data centers to use silicon photonics why.
[10:37] centers to use silicon photonics why because it's high speed and because of.
[10:40] because it's high speed and because of low power consumption so i mentioned.
[10:43] low power consumption so i mentioned data centers what is this data centers.
[10:45] data centers what is this data centers it is centers where your data is.
[10:47] it is centers where your data is received transmitted process it wrote it.
[10:50] received transmitted process it wrote it may be saved or computed and in these.
[10:53] may be saved or computed and in these data centers we have what is called or.
[10:56] data centers we have what is called or we need a lot of what is called.
[11:00] we need a lot of what is called silicon uh transceiver and in this.
[11:03] silicon uh transceiver and in this transceiver you can see where is the.
[11:05] transceiver you can see where is the silicon photonics playing uh.
[11:07] silicon photonics playing uh an important role so what is what is.
[11:10] an important role so what is what is this transceiver it is combination of.
[11:12] this transceiver it is combination of transmitter and receiver there's the.
[11:14] transmitter and receiver there's the receiver will receive the information.
[11:17] receiver will receive the information which is coming from long distance via the fiber here and it will come to to and it will be converted to an electrical data and this data will be processed if you have electric if you have a data and this that it will be if it is in electrical shape and you want to send it to a long distance you will convert it to to an optical optical signal or optical form and send it via fiber.
[11:43] another another application for silicon photonics is leader and here it should it should work so the leader is automotive leader it is giving the car idea about what is around it and the third application is biosensing or that or lab on chip.
[12:04] so what we need what we want to do here we want to put an biological sample on the chip we use laser and detector and we want to know if specific element or virus is there.
[12:16] so it's something similar to the
[12:17] so it's something similar to the anti-gene.
[12:19] anti-gene kit you buying from the pharmacy but kit you buying from the pharmacy but that is different story but it is the same concept.
[12:23] but we want to do something like this but using uh using bix and silicon photonics and silicon photonics okay.
[12:32] okay if you look to the market forecast by applications between 2019 to 2025 you you will notice that the size of the market is moving from around 500 million dollar to around 4 billion in 2025 and you can see that beside data command telecom there are other applications and you can see also that we have compound annual growth rate of 40 which is really impressive okay.
[13:04] okay the question is what is silicon photonics and what why it is attracting all this attention for me as i was working in silicon in indium phosphate i was always wondering why silicon photonics.
[13:18] always wondering why silicon photonics is because silicon silicon is a very good optical material and i mean by optical material is it good to fabricate waveguides what i mean by that uh if is if is the waveguards are the waveguts fabricated by silicon are with very low progression losses or maybe it is good candidate for lasers or modulators or photo detectors actually none none of these reasons silicon is not the best candidate for all of these all of these optical functions so why what is the catch i will use this definition to explain you uh the importance of silicon photonics it is the implement what is the what is silicon photonics it is implementation of high cell of high density photonics integrated circuits by mean and this here the catch by means of
[14:18] Here the catch by means of CMOS process technology in a CMOS lab.
[14:20] CMOS process technology in a CMOS lab so we are using CMOS technology in a CMOS.
[14:23] We are using CMOS technology in a CMOS lab so we are depending on the available.
[14:28] Lab so we are depending on the available available infrastructure which which.
[14:30] Available infrastructure which which costs around a few billion euros or.
[14:33] Costs around a few billion euros or dollars and we are also.
[14:36] Dollars and we are also big back on the accumulated.
[14:40] Big back on the accumulated experience in CMOS.
[14:43] Experience in CMOS and in micro electronics and we instead.
[14:45] And in micro electronics and we instead of starting from scratch we are using.
[14:47] Of starting from scratch we are using this infrastructure and these fabs to.
[14:50] This infrastructure and these fabs to build uh our.
[14:52] Build uh our photonics integrated circuits.
[14:55] Photonics integrated circuits okay.
[14:56] Okay what are the advantages of silicone.
[14:58] What are the advantages of silicone photonics.
[15:00] Photonics so.
[15:01] So in silicon photonics the.
[15:03] In silicon photonics the core.
[15:04] Core of the core of the waveguide is made of.
[15:06] Of the core of the waveguide is made of silicon which has a refractive index of.
[15:09] Silicon which has a refractive index of 3.5 while the cladding is.
[15:12] 3.5 while the cladding is from silicon oxide with reflective index.
[15:15] From silicon oxide with reflective index around.
[15:17] 1.45 so we have high index contrast.
[15:21] so we have high index contrast which is around 200 percent and this.
[15:23] which is around 200 percent and this high.
[15:24] high index contrast allow allow us to have.
[15:27] index contrast allow allow us to have very compact bigs.
[15:29] very compact bigs so the waveguide can be fabricated with.
[15:32] so the waveguide can be fabricated with with which around 0.4 micron and we can.
[15:36] with which around 0.4 micron and we can have bands with very small raids and all.
[15:39] have bands with very small raids and all of these allow us to increase the number.
[15:41] of these allow us to increase the number of the structures on the same.
[15:44] of the structures on the same photo brand which we want to achieve.
[15:46] photo brand which we want to achieve second advantage that we are using cmos.
[15:49] second advantage that we are using cmos technology as i said we have.
[15:51] technology as i said we have nanometer precision we are using the.
[15:53] nanometer precision we are using the existing fabs and expertise and.
[15:57] existing fabs and expertise and it allows us to have low cost when we.
[15:59] it allows us to have low cost when we have.
[16:01] a.
[16:02] a high volume reduction.
[16:04] high volume reduction good.
[16:05] good.
[16:06] moreover.
[16:08] advantages of silicon photonics it.
[16:10] advantages of silicon photonics it allows us to hire to have high.
[16:13] allows us to hire to have high preference uh performance uh basic.
[16:16] preference uh performance uh basic devices such as waveguides and.
[16:19] filters also it allows us to have high bitrate modulation and.
[16:21] bitrate modulation and and detectors and it allows us also to.
[16:24] and detectors and it allows us also to have hybrid light source integration.
[16:26] have hybrid light source integration what i mean by that if you want to have.
[16:29] what i mean by that if you want to have lasers from silicon.
[16:30] lasers from silicon from indium phosphate chip and you want.
[16:32] from indium phosphate chip and you want to couple it to.
[16:34] to couple it to to silicon you can that is boostable.
[16:36] to silicon you can that is boostable with the hybrid integration.
[16:39] with the hybrid integration and also it allows us to have way for.
[16:41] and also it allows us to have way for less automated.
[16:43] less automated testing so ins this is very important to.
[16:45] testing so ins this is very important to the foundries so instead you can do the.
[16:48] the foundries so instead you can do the testing on the wafer list without need.
[16:50] testing on the wafer list without need to dice and to go to the.
[16:53] to dice and to go to the die level.
[16:54] die level good.
[16:56] good because of all of these advantages there.
[17:00] because of all of these advantages there are several.
[17:01] are several foundries or fabrication facility around.
[17:04] foundries or fabrication facility around the world where you can get silicon.
[17:06] the world where you can get silicon photonics here i am showing.
[17:09] photonics here i am showing some examples of these foundries.
[17:11] some examples of these foundries where you can access to them via mbw.
[17:15] where you can access to them via mbw so you can see that we have different.
[17:18] so you can see that we have different technology using different.
[17:20] technology using different thickness of silicon on oscillator.
[17:23] thickness of silicon on oscillator and for different applications.
[17:26] and for different applications and as we are hosted today by your practice it could be useful.
[17:31] practice it could be useful to show you which boundaries can be accessed.
[17:34] to show you which boundaries can be accessed directly via euro practice and.
[17:38] directly via euro practice and with this symbol and as you can see imec is one of these.
[17:42] and as you can see imec is one of these foundry and as i am working for imec i will take the opportunity to speak about.
[17:47] will take the opportunity to speak about imx platforms.
[17:49] imx platforms okay.
[17:50] okay the overview of this of our platforms i will start with what was offered before.
[17:53] the overview of this of our platforms i will start with what was offered before and it was the basic platform and as you can understand from passive you have massive component.
[18:00] massive component and this uh this platform has been updated or upgraded by adding heaters.
[18:05] updated or upgraded by adding heaters and heaters offer you to have what is called thermal tuning.
[18:11] and heaters offer you to have what is called thermal tuning so the result of this upgrade is.
[18:13] so the result of this upgrade is is called passive plus which contain combined.
[18:17] is called passive plus which contain combined uh combines passive component and thermal tuning.
[18:21] uh combines passive component and thermal tuning and if you want to add to that having
[18:25] and if you want to add to that having modula.
[18:26] modula to if you want to add to that modulators.
[18:29] to if you want to add to that modulators and photo detector so you add.
[18:31] and photo detector so you add the active component to the passive plus.
[18:33] the active component to the passive plus you will have.
[18:34] you will have um sap 50g it is imx.
[18:37] um sap 50g it is imx silicon photonics platform 50 gigahertz.
[18:41] silicon photonics platform 50 gigahertz let's let's try to zoom in on this uh.
[18:46] let's let's try to zoom in on this uh on these different platforms but here.
[18:48] on these different platforms but here before starting i would like to to.
[18:50] before starting i would like to to highlight that.
[18:51] highlight that uh basis passive alone is not.
[18:55] uh basis passive alone is not offered anymore it is just we we we.
[18:57] offered anymore it is just we we we offer via mbw passive plus and sp 50g.
[19:01] offer via mbw passive plus and sp 50g so if we start by speak to speak about.
[19:04] so if we start by speak to speak about passive plus.
[19:06] passive plus so i make offered three edge depth uh.
[19:09] so i make offered three edge depth uh in the silicon.
[19:11] in the silicon oscillator and this allows you to have.
[19:13] oscillator and this allows you to have rib waveguides and strip waveguides.
[19:16] rib waveguides and strip waveguides and have and with this massive.
[19:19] and have and with this massive component you are able to achieve a lot.
[19:21] component you are able to achieve a lot of devices and to give you an idea about.
[19:24] of devices and to give you an idea about these devices what i am showing them.
[19:27] these devices what I am showing them here in this slide.
[19:31] so we have multi-mode interferometers.
[19:34] we have max enter interferometer.
[19:36] we have grating spiral.
[19:38] we have ring resonator.
[19:40] we have waveguide crossing.
[19:41] and here I would like to highlight that imac.
[19:43] I would like to highlight that imac offers several building blocks for C band.
[19:45] and for O band and designers are free either to use our building blocks.
[19:50] or to design their own building blocks.
[19:53] it is your freedom.
[19:55] moreover there are more building blocks.
[19:58] in our library and you will see it when you get it.
[20:01] more than what I am showing here.
[20:03] the second part of massive glass is the heater.
[20:04] so what is this heater.
[20:06] yeah as you can see here in in blue.
[20:08] as you understand from heater it is uh give you heat.
[20:12] and increase the temperature.
[20:14] and by increasing the temperature you will you will change the reflective index.
[20:16] and this allows you to tune optical functionality of properties like wave.
[20:28] functionality of properties like wave like wavelength
[20:29] like wavelength and i would like to show to show that
[20:31] and i would like to show to show that these heaters these heaters can be on
[20:35] these heaters these heaters can be on top of the waveguides but not on direct
[20:37] top of the waveguides but not on direct contact
[20:38] contact and if you have heater you need to bias
[20:41] and if you have heater you need to bias it or to apply current for it so for
[20:43] it or to apply current for it so for that you will need an electrical access
[20:46] that you will need an electrical access and this can be achieved using two
[20:49] and this can be achieved using two additional layers of metal you have
[20:51] additional layers of metal you have metal
[20:52] metal metal layer one and metal layer two and
[20:55] metal layer one and metal layer two and on
[20:56] on and you need also bone band where uh
[20:59] and you need also bone band where uh wound up where your probe will be
[21:02] wound up where your probe will be land to apply the current of the voltage
[21:06] land to apply the current of the voltage okay heaters
[21:08] okay heaters again heaters
[21:10] again heaters are used for uh
[21:12] are used for uh in some of the building blocks offered
[21:14] in some of the building blocks offered by imec but also you can choose to use
[21:17] by imec but also you can choose to use heaters in your own building block
[21:20] heaters in your own building block good
[21:21] good this was basic plus if we move to the
[21:24] this was basic plus if we move to the the state of the art technology which is
[21:27] the state of the art technology which is sp50g
[21:29] sp50g to start with that i have to say that
[21:31] to start with that i have to say that everything i spoke about it in passive
[21:33] everything i spoke about it in passive plus is already included in
[21:37] plus is already included in 50g so
[21:39] 50g so you have the heater and the passive
[21:41] you have the heater and the passive command but in additional to all of that
[21:43] command but in additional to all of that you have
[21:45] you have you have as you can see here dot silicon
[21:47] you have as you can see here dot silicon so we are offering eight
[21:50] so we are offering eight implements level four for n type and
[21:53] implements level four for n type and four for
[21:54] four for b type and
[21:57] b type and and this allows you to have different
[21:59] and this allows you to have different modulators
[22:01] modulators beside the doped silicon you have also
[22:05] beside the doped silicon you have also gel manual module and that allow you to
[22:06] gel manual module and that allow you to have photo detectors
[22:08] have photo detectors and again
[22:10] and again if you have modulators and you have uh
[22:13] if you have modulators and you have uh photo detector you need to apply uh bias
[22:17] photo detector you need to apply uh bias on them and this for this you need
[22:18] on them and this for this you need electrical ac
[22:20] electrical ac access as we show for heaters so you
[22:22] access as we show for heaters so you have
[22:23] have metal tool two level metal interconnect
[22:26] metal tool two level metal interconnect and you have the aluminium finish
[22:30] and you have the aluminium finish good
[22:31] good if we look to the
[22:33] if we look to the uh building blocks of this this platform
[22:37] uh building blocks of this this platform you can i am showing here some of them
[22:39] you can i am showing here some of them but not all of them we have
[22:42] but not all of them we have maxender modulator we have ring
[22:45] maxender modulator we have ring modulator we have photo detectors we
[22:47] modulator we have photo detectors we have
[22:48] have filters
[22:49] filters and we have
[22:51] and we have also
[22:53] also grating coupler and edge cobbler
[22:55] grating coupler and edge cobbler okay let's speak about some of them
[22:58] okay let's speak about some of them uh i will start with the modulator for
[23:01] uh i will start with the modulator for this well i will start with maybe some
[23:04] this well i will start with maybe some people they don't know about the
[23:05] people they don't know about the modulator or it is good to to explain
[23:07] modulator or it is good to to explain what the modulator
[23:09] what the modulator if you have uh continuous uh light from
[23:11] if you have uh continuous uh light from laser and you have electrical signal and
[23:14] laser and you have electrical signal and you want to print this electrical signal
[23:16] you want to print this electrical signal on
[23:17] on on the
[23:18] on the light of the laser and so you will get a
[23:20] light of the laser and so you will get a modulated light and why you want to do
[23:22] modulated light and why you want to do that you want for example to send your
[23:24] that you want for example to send your data via
[23:26] data via fiber optics for a long distance you
[23:28] fiber optics for a long distance you need modulator
[23:30] need modulator this is what is modulator and how we
[23:32] this is what is modulator and how we achieve
[23:33] achieve achieve modulator in silicon photonics
[23:36] achieve modulator in silicon photonics so what we do we build bn junction
[23:40] so what we do we build bn junction around the waveguide and then we apply
[23:43] around the waveguide and then we apply bias and by applying this bias we are
[23:46] bias and by applying this bias we are changing the
[23:47] changing the the holes and electron electronics
[23:50] the holes and electron electronics density this
[23:52] density this will cause uh reflective end exchange
[23:55] will cause uh reflective end exchange and and this change in the reflective
[23:58] and and this change in the reflective index will introduce uh phase modulation
[24:01] index will introduce uh phase modulation and if you are in photonics and you want
[24:03] and if you are in photonics and you want to move from phase modulation to
[24:05] to move from phase modulation to intensive modulation you need to use
[24:08] intensive modulation you need to use interferometers so
[24:10] interferometers so uh either you can use maxender
[24:11] uh either you can use maxender interferometer or ring and here i am
[24:13] interferometer or ring and here i am showing two
[24:15] showing two uh
[24:16] uh two pictures for modulators from our for
[24:19] two pictures for modulators from our for from easy 50g you have here the maxender
[24:23] from easy 50g you have here the maxender and it is uh how to say this a little
[24:25] and it is uh how to say this a little bit large component because it is around
[24:28] bit large component because it is around one millimeter here we have the ring
[24:30] one millimeter here we have the ring modulator
[24:31] modulator it is more compact it's about 20 microns
[24:36] it is more compact it's about 20 microns they argue they are using
[24:38] they argue they are using they are fabricated using using
[24:40] they are fabricated using using different doping
[24:41] different doping levels
[24:43] levels and again i would like to highlight that
[24:46] and again i would like to highlight that there are several
[24:48] there are several uh options for modulators for c-band and
[24:50] uh options for modulators for c-band and for o-band and you are free to use them
[24:53] for o-band and you are free to use them directly if you don't want to design
[24:54] directly if you don't want to design from scratch or if you want to design
[24:56] from scratch or if you want to design your own building block you are free to
[24:58] your own building block you are free to do that
[24:59] do that good
[25:02] good the second example
[25:04] the second example about i would like to speak about it
[25:06] about i would like to speak about it it's the photo detector so in the
[25:07] it's the photo detector so in the modulator the output of the modulator is
[25:09] modulator the output of the modulator is modulated light let's say that we want
[25:11] modulated light let's say that we want to return back from modulated modulated
[25:14] to return back from modulated modulated light to electrical signal and this can
[25:16] light to electrical signal and this can be done via
[25:19] be done via photodetector
[25:20] photodetector so
[25:23] to fabricate or
[25:25] to fabricate or to fabricate photo detectors and silicon
[25:27] to fabricate photo detectors and silicon photonics you you we will face the fact
[25:30] photonics you you we will face the fact that silicon is transparent so
[25:32] that silicon is transparent so uh it will not absorb light so we need
[25:34] uh it will not absorb light so we need to find a material which absorb light
[25:36] to find a material which absorb light very good and which we can grow it on
[25:39] very good and which we can grow it on top of silicon so this material is
[25:41] top of silicon so this material is germanium and as you can see in the
[25:43] germanium and as you can see in the cross section we have the silicon
[25:45] cross section we have the silicon waveguide and the doping around it and
[25:48] waveguide and the doping around it and we grow on top of it
[25:50] we grow on top of it germanium and it is a little bit more
[25:52] germanium and it is a little bit more complicated than this
[25:54] complicated than this how it looks like in real life
[25:57] how it looks like in real life here and microscopic picture of the
[26:01] here and microscopic picture of the germanium photodetectors from imac and
[26:04] germanium photodetectors from imac and here i have to highlight something
[26:06] here i have to highlight something important so
[26:08] important so the
[26:09] the uh the building blocks i spoke about it
[26:11] uh the building blocks i spoke about it before for basset and for uh for sf50g
[26:14] before for basset and for uh for sf50g they were you are able to use either the
[26:18] they were you are able to use either the building blocks from imac or you can
[26:20] building blocks from imac or you can design your own for photo detectors you
[26:22] design your own for photo detectors you can only use the building blocks from
[26:24] can only use the building blocks from imec you cannot design your own photo
[26:26] imec you cannot design your own photo detector so please be aware of that
[26:30] detector so please be aware of that uh yes besides that so i spoke about a
[26:34] uh yes besides that so i spoke about a lot of building blocks and these
[26:35] lot of building blocks and these buildings
[26:36] buildings blocks are within the
[26:38] blocks are within the chip but how we couple light from and to
[26:42] chip but how we couple light from and to the chip
[26:43] the chip and this is uh uh
[26:45] and this is uh uh and this is for both massive plus
[26:47] and this is for both massive plus platform and for acep50
[26:49] platform and for acep50 platform this is done via either edge
[26:52] platform this is done via either edge coupler or any plane so the coupler is
[26:55] coupler or any plane so the coupler is in the plane of the
[26:57] in the plane of the chip and it is wave tolerant and the
[27:00] chip and it is wave tolerant and the test will be here you you need to have
[27:02] test will be here you you need to have the die or the chip you cannot do it on
[27:05] the die or the chip you cannot do it on the wafer scale and in real life it
[27:07] the wafer scale and in real life it looks like this but here we are using
[27:09] looks like this but here we are using lens fiber and you can see here the
[27:12] lens fiber and you can see here the waveguide
[27:14] waveguide or you can have what is called grating
[27:16] or you can have what is called grating coupler and it is off plane and so it is
[27:18] coupler and it is off plane and so it is vertical and it is wavelength depending
[27:21] vertical and it is wavelength depending and it is also
[27:22] and it is also allowing you to do the test on the wafer
[27:25] allowing you to do the test on the wafer list which is very important for a lot
[27:27] list which is very important for a lot of foundries
[27:29] of foundries uh imac allow you
[27:31] uh imac allow you to uh or offer you a lot of options for
[27:36] to uh or offer you a lot of options for couplers and this is for c band and o
[27:39] couplers and this is for c band and o band and for decorating coupler is with
[27:41] band and for decorating coupler is with or without poly layer which increases
[27:44] or without poly layer which increases the efficiency of the coupling
[27:45] the efficiency of the coupling and you can use these building blocks or
[27:48] and you can use these building blocks or you can design according to your needs
[27:51] you can design according to your needs good
[27:53] good what
[27:53] what what is offered by imac or by
[27:56] what is offered by imac or by acep50g
[27:58] acep50g we show that we can show we can offer
[28:00] we show that we can show we can offer waveguides filters modulators detectors
[28:03] waveguides filters modulators detectors and couplers what we are missing is
[28:06] and couplers what we are missing is light source on the on the chip and for
[28:09] light source on the on the chip and for this reason imec is working with several
[28:12] this reason imec is working with several partners to develop and to accelerate
[28:16] partners to develop and to accelerate the high board integration of indian
[28:18] the high board integration of indian phosphate
[28:19] phosphate lasers for silicon photonics chip
[28:25] next i would like to speak about one
[28:27] next i would like to speak about one example fabricated by ec50g
[28:30] example fabricated by ec50g and in this example it is about
[28:32] and in this example it is about designing of high-speed multi-lane
[28:35] designing of high-speed multi-lane silicon photonics maxender so the aim
[28:37] silicon photonics maxender so the aim here is to increase the bandwidth
[28:39] here is to increase the bandwidth density in the transceiver so they want
[28:41] density in the transceiver so they want to
[28:42] to to include more and more maxender uh uh
[28:46] to include more and more maxender uh uh modulators on the transceiver by
[28:48] modulators on the transceiver by reducing the footprint of the magcenter
[28:51] reducing the footprint of the magcenter and how they are doing it here they they
[28:54] and how they are doing it here they they they design a new equator equator
[28:57] they design a new equator equator structure and they shared the
[29:00] structure and they shared the ground bad between two neighbored
[29:02] ground bad between two neighbored maxenter to make it
[29:04] maxenter to make it more compact and the concept as you can
[29:06] more compact and the concept as you can see here was demonstrated via two array
[29:10] see here was demonstrated via two array of
[29:10] of of maxender here with two different
[29:14] of maxender here with two different lengths here one and here second one
[29:17] lengths here one and here second one by this slide i want to move to
[29:20] by this slide i want to move to to the third section of my webinar which
[29:24] to the third section of my webinar which will be about the
[29:26] will be about the packaging option
[29:27] packaging option so
[29:29] so uh i guess
[29:31] uh i guess there are several people know what is
[29:32] there are several people know what is multi-project wafer
[29:34] multi-project wafer so
[29:35] so for though for this who doesn't know
[29:37] for though for this who doesn't know what is that so we
[29:40] what is that so we the concept is that we are collecting
[29:42] the concept is that we are collecting several designs from different from
[29:44] several designs from different from different projects and we combine them
[29:46] different projects and we combine them together and we fabricate them on
[29:49] together and we fabricate them on one wafer and why we are doing this
[29:51] one wafer and why we are doing this because we want to reduce the cost so
[29:53] because we want to reduce the cost so that the total cost will be divided
[29:55] that the total cost will be divided between the different designs and it is
[29:58] between the different designs and it is also options for some companies or
[29:59] also options for some companies or startup or university to test the
[30:01] startup or university to test the technology before going to
[30:03] technology before going to the big projects for
[30:06] the big projects for in the bilateral run
[30:08] in the bilateral run and here how to say it it is uh
[30:10] and here how to say it it is uh something
[30:12] something or to make it simpler it is
[30:14] or to make it simpler it is like
[30:15] like let's say let's say we have few people
[30:18] let's say let's say we have few people and they want to test
[30:19] and they want to test pizza but they don't want to invest a
[30:21] pizza but they don't want to invest a lot of money in buying
[30:23] lot of money in buying bids so they share
[30:26] bids so they share they share
[30:27] they share the cost together
[30:29] the cost together okay and
[30:32] okay and dies so
[30:33] dies so after we fabricate the uh the wafer for
[30:37] after we fabricate the uh the wafer for the multi multi-project wafer we need to
[30:40] the multi multi-project wafer we need to to to cut this
[30:43] to to cut this wafer and to extract the dice for each
[30:45] wafer and to extract the dice for each customer so in the case of the pizza
[30:48] customer so in the case of the pizza every every customer will every every
[30:51] every every customer will every every participant in buying this video will
[30:53] participant in buying this video will will take his piece
[30:55] will take his piece so some customers will want to receive
[30:59] so some customers will want to receive their dice naked and it looks look like
[31:03] their dice naked and it looks look like this or like this
[31:04] this or like this and
[31:05] and one reason to do that maybe they would
[31:06] one reason to do that maybe they would like to have a buster process so maybe
[31:09] like to have a buster process so maybe they want to add something or to remove
[31:11] they want to add something or to remove something from the top of the chip
[31:14] something from the top of the chip or maybe they have very suitable setups
[31:16] or maybe they have very suitable setups to do the testing we have other
[31:18] to do the testing we have other categories of
[31:20] categories of customers they prefer to work with the
[31:21] customers they prefer to work with the package
[31:22] package dies
[31:23] dies which make their life easier so
[31:25] which make their life easier so something like this
[31:28] something like this the packaging the photonics packaging
[31:31] the packaging the photonics packaging surface for our mbw is provided by our
[31:34] surface for our mbw is provided by our your practice
[31:36] your practice partner kendall and here i am showing
[31:38] partner kendall and here i am showing some examples so if you are if we are
[31:41] some examples so if you are if we are talking about the fiber
[31:42] talking about the fiber only coupling we have we have two
[31:45] only coupling we have we have two options either with two single fibers or
[31:48] options either with two single fibers or on the two sides or with two arrays of
[31:51] on the two sides or with two arrays of fibers but if we are talking about fully
[31:54] fibers but if we are talking about fully uh
[31:55] uh fully packaged module we have also two
[31:58] fully packaged module we have also two situations what i mean by fully packaged
[32:00] situations what i mean by fully packaged modules it is not just the fiber but
[32:02] modules it is not just the fiber but also the electrical con contacts
[32:05] also the electrical con contacts so we have also two options one with two
[32:08] so we have also two options one with two single fibers one in each side or with
[32:11] single fibers one in each side or with two arrays of fibers
[32:13] two arrays of fibers i will not spend a lot of time about
[32:15] i will not spend a lot of time about speaking about
[32:17] speaking about packaging because if you are interested
[32:18] packaging because if you are interested in that i will invite you to check
[32:21] in that i will invite you to check the webinar about packaging which
[32:23] the webinar about packaging which which are
[32:24] which are available via the youtube channel of
[32:27] available via the youtube channel of your practice
[32:29] your practice yes
[32:31] yes by this i would like to
[32:33] by this i would like to move to my last part of this webinar
[32:36] move to my last part of this webinar which will be about accessing imac
[32:38] which will be about accessing imac technology and
[32:40] technology and i will start by showing our schedule for
[32:43] i will start by showing our schedule for this year 2022
[32:45] this year 2022 so one month from now
[32:47] so one month from now today we are nine of february in ninth
[32:50] today we are nine of february in ninth of march we have our first round for
[32:52] of march we have our first round for this year and it will be sep
[32:54] this year and it will be sep 50g and we have another run uh
[32:58] 50g and we have another run uh in this year and for sf50g and it will
[33:01] in this year and for sf50g and it will be in 24 of august
[33:05] be in 24 of august and this year we have one
[33:07] and this year we have one passive
[33:08] passive plus
[33:09] plus run in june the 1st of june and we will
[33:12] run in june the 1st of june and we will have another one in the beginning of uh
[33:15] have another one in the beginning of uh in january 2023
[33:17] in january 2023 okay so i hope i convinced you about or
[33:21] okay so i hope i convinced you about or you are
[33:22] you are enthusiastic to to to to to join
[33:26] enthusiastic to to to to to join to one of this ram and if you are
[33:29] to one of this ram and if you are in this situation i would like to show
[33:31] in this situation i would like to show you how you access our technology the
[33:34] you how you access our technology the first step is by signing the the nda or
[33:37] first step is by signing the the nda or the the
[33:39] the the design kit license agreement so this
[33:41] design kit license agreement so this document
[33:43] document in the normal nda and the next step we
[33:46] in the normal nda and the next step we will provide you after signing the dkla
[33:48] will provide you after signing the dkla with the username and password for uh
[33:51] with the username and password for uh download platform where you can
[33:53] download platform where you can download download and here it's
[33:55] download download and here it's important free of charge so you don't
[33:57] important free of charge so you don't need to pay or you don't need to confirm
[34:00] need to pay or you don't need to confirm that you are joining it's free of charge
[34:01] that you are joining it's free of charge you will be able to access to our
[34:04] you will be able to access to our handbooks to
[34:05] handbooks to in the handbooks you will find a lot of
[34:07] in the handbooks you will find a lot of explanation about the
[34:09] explanation about the technology about the design rules which
[34:11] technology about the design rules which you needed for the drc and for and a lot
[34:14] you needed for the drc and for and a lot of information about the different
[34:17] of information about the different building blocks which we are offering
[34:19] building blocks which we are offering also we are offering the building blocks
[34:20] also we are offering the building blocks which you which you can use it in your
[34:23] which you which you can use it in your design and we we we also this we will
[34:26] design and we we we also this we will provide you with the pdks and the files
[34:28] provide you with the pdks and the files for some ada
[34:30] for some ada softwares like
[34:32] softwares like lucida synopsis mentor and others
[34:35] lucida synopsis mentor and others and starting from
[34:37] and starting from march or starting from the coming run in
[34:40] march or starting from the coming run in march
[34:41] march we will start to provide our customers
[34:43] we will start to provide our customers with
[34:44] with four beige
[34:46] four beige document or guide or manual it will help
[34:48] document or guide or manual it will help you and guide you in all the
[34:50] you and guide you in all the administrative steps and also it will
[34:53] administrative steps and also it will give you uh an information about that
[34:56] give you uh an information about that about the timeline of our drc process
[34:58] about the timeline of our drc process and there is also like technical
[35:01] and there is also like technical checklist where you can check your
[35:03] checklist where you can check your design before before
[35:05] design before before uh before sending our before sending
[35:07] uh before sending our before sending your your gds the third step is to
[35:11] your your gds the third step is to register your design and after finishing
[35:14] register your design and after finishing the design you you need to send us your
[35:17] the design you you need to send us your gds
[35:19] gds it is not so complicated it's super easy
[35:21] it is not so complicated it's super easy and we will be more than happy to help
[35:23] and we will be more than happy to help you in every step
[35:25] you in every step my last
[35:27] my last my last
[35:29] my last slide in this webinar will be about
[35:32] slide in this webinar will be about comparing between the different bix
[35:34] comparing between the different bix technologies
[35:35] technologies about the performance of this so i am
[35:37] about the performance of this so i am comparing silicon photonics with silicon
[35:39] comparing silicon photonics with silicon nitride with three five
[35:42] nitride with three five peaks
[35:43] peaks if we look to the cmos compatibility
[35:46] if we look to the cmos compatibility we can see that three uh five are is not
[35:49] we can see that three uh five are is not compatible
[35:50] compatible if we look the best performance for
[35:53] if we look the best performance for passive
[35:54] passive component we can find it in silicon
[35:56] component we can find it in silicon nitride if you want direct lasers in
[35:59] nitride if you want direct lasers in your platform you can have it in three
[36:01] your platform you can have it in three five
[36:02] five bigs
[36:03] bigs if you want it for silicon and silicon
[36:05] if you want it for silicon and silicon nitride it is hybrid technology
[36:08] nitride it is hybrid technology or hybrid integration
[36:09] or hybrid integration if you want modulators and detectors
[36:11] if you want modulators and detectors they are both good and very good in in
[36:14] they are both good and very good in in silicon photonics and in three
[36:18] silicon photonics and in three and three five
[36:19] and three five for uh
[36:20] for uh for uh silicon nitride it is a little
[36:22] for uh silicon nitride it is a little bit modest or for detectors you need
[36:24] bit modest or for detectors you need hybrid integration
[36:27] hybrid integration for more information about our runs or
[36:30] for more information about our runs or about our technologies please send us
[36:34] about our technologies please send us your questions to ipc4 at imecdbe and
[36:37] your questions to ipc4 at imecdbe and then
[36:39] then melanie armand
[36:41] melanie armand mateo and me we will be more than happy
[36:45] mateo and me we will be more than happy to answer your question
[36:47] to answer your question and by this i
[36:48] and by this i reach to the end of my
[36:51] reach to the end of my presentation and
[36:52] presentation and i will be happy to answer your questions