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INGLÉS SEMANA 2
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Beginner English learners struggling with basic sentence structures and pluralization rules.
TL;DR
This video explains the English concepts of 'there is' and 'there are' for singular and plural existence, respectively. It also covers negations ('there isn't', 'there aren't') and questions ('is there?', 'are there?'). Additionally, it clarifies the common mistake of using 'we are three' instead of 'there are three of us' when referring to the number of people present.
Key Takeaways
- In English, the concept of 'there is' and 'there are' is used to indicate existence, replacing the Spanish verb 'haber'.
- 'There is' is used for singular nouns, while 'there are' is used for plural nouns when stating that something exists.
- To negate existence, use 'there isn't' for singular and 'there aren't' for plural nouns.
- Questions about existence are formed by inverting the subject and verb: 'Is there...?' for singular and 'Are there...?' for plural.
- When expressing the number of people in a group, use 'There are [number] of us' instead of 'We are [number]' to avoid ambiguity with age.
- Words in English can be regular or irregular, meaning they either maintain their root when pluralized or change it significantly.
- Regular pluralization often involves adding '-s' or '-es', while irregular plurals have unique forms like 'mouse' becoming 'mice' or 'child' becoming 'children'.
- Not all English plural nouns require an '-s'; many have irregular forms that do not follow the standard pluralization rules.
In This Video
- 00:44Greeting and Class Introduction
The teacher greets the students and introduces the topic of nouns and their number.
- 01:30Introducing 'There is' and 'There are'
Explains how to express existence in English using 'there is' for singular and 'there are' for plural.
- 02:31Examples of Singular and Plural Nouns
Provides examples like 'there is a cat' and 'there are three cats' to illustrate the concept.
- 03:33Negating and Questioning Existence
Teaches how to form negative sentences ('there isn't', 'there aren't') and questions ('is there?', 'are there?').
- 06:11The Trap: 'We are three' vs. 'There are three of us'
Warns against translating 'we are three' directly, explaining it refers to age, and 'there are three of us' is correct for quantity.
- 09:26Regular and Irregular Words
Introduces the concept that words, like verbs, can be regular (keeping their root) or irregular (changing their root).
- 10:05Examples of Irregular Plurals
Illustrates irregular plurals with examples like 'mouse'/'mice', 'child'/'children', and 'man'/'men'.
Questions & Answers
How do you say there is in Spanish?
In Spanish, you use the verb 'haber' to express existence. For example, 'hay un ventilador' means 'there is a fan'.
What is the difference between 'there is' and 'there are'?
'There is' is used for singular nouns (one item), while 'there are' is used for plural nouns (more than one item).
How to make a negative sentence with 'there is'?
To make a negative sentence, use 'there isn't' (there is not). For example, 'There isn't a spider in the kitchen'.
How to ask a question with 'there is'?
To ask a question, invert the order: 'Is there a spider in the kitchen?'
How to say 'we are three' in English?
You should say 'There are three of us' to indicate the number of people in a group, not 'We are three' which can refer to age.
What is the plural of 'mouse' in English?
The plural of 'mouse' is 'mice', not 'mouses'. This is an example of an irregular plural.
Key Terms
- There is — A phrase used to indicate the existence of a single item.
- There are — A phrase used to indicate the existence of multiple items.
- Regular word — A word that maintains its root when a suffix is added.
- Irregular word — A word that changes its root when a suffix is added, often without using 's'.