5th dialogue under the UAE Just Transition Work Programme - Plenary and Breakout 1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p1oQvWqS87k

[00:00] Um before we open today um just let me introduce you to the format quickly.
[00:06] We're going to have two lots of breakout sessions, one in the morning, one in the afternoon.
[00:14] Um there will be three uh thematic discussions running in parallel in three rooms in each of those.
[00:18] This morning um we will focus on international cooperation and climate finance as an enabler for just transition pathways to food security.
[00:27] Um the second topic will be innovation, technology transfer, capacity building and knowledge sharing.
[00:33] And the last topic will focus on enabling environments.
[00:36] I will come back to the logistics of those breakout rooms shortly.
[00:39] But first, we're going to um have three scene setting presentations that will help us frame and inspire subsequent discussions.
[00:49] So, first I'm pleased to invite um Miss Kate Hughes from the Asian Development Bank to deliver her presentation.
[00:54] And I know that Kate needs to run to another event once she's done done her remarks.
[00:59] So, thank you so much for taking the time, Kate.
[01:01] Kate.
[01:02] Uh, no problem. And thank you very much for having me.
[01:04] Um, good morning to everyone.
[01:06] So, yes, I've been asked to give a quick scene setting on the topic of financing um as an enabler for just transition pathways.
[01:11] So, I'll just wait for the slides.
[01:14] I think they're coming up.
[01:15] Here we go.
[01:19] Okay.
[01:19] Um, next slide.
[01:21] So I think it's already been laid out the importance um of of agriculture and food systems.
[01:25] ADB works across 43 countries in Asia and Pacific and agriculture is really the backbone of economies across the region providing livelihoods for for hundreds of millions and is central to food security.
[01:39] But we know it's it's highly exposed to climate risks and it's also a major source of methane emissions.
[01:43] So transformation of the sector is really critical for food security and climate goals.
[01:47] Uh next slide.
[01:50] However, we know that this transition is not neutral.
[01:54] Uh I think the next slide.
[02:01] Thanks.
[02:04] So um this transition is not neutral.
[02:06] So we see in a lot of the countries that we work in that mechanizations reducing demand for manual labor uh a lot of disproportionate impacts on women and informal workers and high dependence on seasonal agricultural income.
[02:10] So without intervention um productivity gains can directly translate into income loss and increased vulnerability and this is really the core of the just transition challenge in food systems.
[02:33] Next slide, please.
[02:35] And when we come to the topic of how we're going to finance uh finance just transition, there's really a layered problem.
[02:42] We already have an investment gap um with high upfront costs and fragmented or public good returns.
[02:50] Laid on that, we have a just transition gap looking at skills, livelihood, social systems that are underfunded and limited incentives to finance these components or what can be viewed as softer
[03:03] or what can be viewed as softer components of the project.
[03:05] components of the project.
[03:05] At the same time, we also continue to take a project by project approach in how we approach financing.
[03:14] financing.
[03:14] Next slide.
[03:16] Next slide.
[03:16] So the topic of just transition finance is one that's very difficult to uh to define I think but we try to think at the ADB of just transition in terms of being an enabling agenda for climate action with distinct financing needs.
[03:33] So yes there is an overlap with climate finance but climate finance alone is not going to meet the needs of a just transition.
[03:43] So we need just transition finance to work in parallel to address the socioeconomic challenges that are directly related to the climate transition and will ultimately impact the success of its outcomes but falls outside the scope of mitigation and adaptation finance.
[04:00] adaptation finance.
[04:00] And so we can think about just transition finance in terms of three
[04:04] transition finance in terms of three types of finance with different objectives.
[04:07] You can have targeted just transition support which is finance where just transition is the primary objective.
[04:15] So for example, grant financing to support income loss mitigation or a highly concessional loan to support rural social protection.
[04:24] You can then mobilize finance for just transition.
[04:26] So that's instruments that may raise or earmark resources for just transitions such as a just transition thematic bond or a dedicated trust fund.
[04:38] And then the last one is how we integrate just transition into climate and development finance.
[04:46] So this means that just transition is embedded in the design, conditionality and outcomes of other types of finance.
[04:54] And all of these three types of finances are needed.
[04:57] But the key thing is matching the right type of finance to the right type of intervention and also planning programmatic interventions at the outset.
[05:07] programmatic interventions at the outset so that then the finance will flow in a programmatic way.
[05:14] programmatic way. Next slide.
[05:17] And so building on this um we have also done a lot of work at the ADB about rethinking how you program just transition interventions.
[05:21] rethinking how you program just transition interventions.
[05:24] On the left hand side of this slide you can see what's the common approach where just transition is taken from a risk perspective.
[05:30] So a project is conceived um or even an NDC measure is defined with a climate intent and then a safeguards approach is used to identify the associated just transition risks and design just transition me measures and perhaps you're able to mobilize a grant to to finance these components.
[05:53] But in this way, just transition is always reactive and it can often slow down the project or add to its costs and can be difficult to fund or difficult for a party to take on these requirements.
[06:07] party to take on these requirements.
[06:09] If we look on the right hand side and flip the thinking so that just transition is actually the enabler of the climate action um you get a different approach and a different ability to access finance.
[06:21] If we know if we know a country's climate policy or sector plans and how this will be implemented, then we can do an upfront assessment of the vulnerability and opportunities that this this will lead to.
[06:36] This requires technical assistance and support upstream from parties.
[06:41] We can then design a programmatic intervention that includes specific socioeconomic activities that may or may not have climate finance components.
[06:52] We can also start working with stakeholders early in the process so that they are contributors to the design of the programmatic intervention.
[07:01] And you'll see on the right that this can lead to a pipelines of different types of investments.
[07:05] So yes, you will
[07:08] types of investments.
[07:10] So yes, you will have a climate project pipeline in the middle in terms of climate projects in the sector or region where the vulnerabilities are being addressed but the other types of invent uh interventions education uhme support infrastructure investment private sector finance may actually need to come in first and they can look to access different pots of financing so that not all of the um all of the financing needs need to be met by climate finance.
[07:40] Uh next slide.
[07:44] So m just very practical to give you an example.
[07:49] Um this is a project in one of our developing member countries that's a rice producing country and it's designed in one district of the country with rice wheat cropping systems.
[07:58] So taken an integrated approach to project design and then matched financing sources to the types of activities.
[08:07] So the projects also sequence so that just transition
[08:09] Also sequence so that just transition acts as an enabler of the project as I was explaining.
[08:13] So the project structured with f four outputs.
[08:16] The first is access to mechanization through blended finance.
[08:21] So in this part of the project matching grants are provided to service providers to purchase mechanization equipment and offer it to farmers on a rental basis.
[08:31] This blended structure enables rapid scale up and manages financial risk and it's the largest component of the project.
[08:40] Output two is circular uh circular economy output.
[08:42] So it's using the rice straw and private sector engagement.
[08:47] So it realized that as part of the mechanization it increases the volume of rice straw straw available in the field and reduces open burning.
[08:57] And so through bailing services, this straw is now collected and supplied to farmers and industry for energy generation and products such as paper and packaging.
[09:07] Um this output engages the private
[09:09] Um this output engages the private sector.
[09:12] Um but in order to get this this sector.
[09:15] Um but in order to get this this output included into the project upfront and work needed to be done.
[09:17] So we were able to mobilize additional funds from philanthropic sources to undertake the technical assistance to design this component of the project.
[09:24] Output three is about the institutional capacity and strengthening the capacity to implement the project.
[09:26] So as part of this we've strengthen the departmental capacity to set and enforce machinery standards and certification and address the lack of standardization in the agriculture equipment.
[09:43] We also include training for operators, farmers and service productors and support for industry adoption of the standard.
[09:54] And then the last component is just transition support for women farm laborers.
[09:58] And this was really the core of the just transition output for this programmatic agricultural project.
[10:05] Because in rice transplanting, which is almost entirely manual, 70 to 80% of the
[10:12] almost entirely manual, 70 to 80% of the workforce are women who face high job loss risk from mechanization.
[10:17] And so through our technical assistance just transition support platform we were able to do a lot of upfront assessment around labor impacts differentiated impacts on women and um analysis and quantitative modeling of the impacts which could then feed into um the design.
[10:39] So the first point I think here is the programmatic approach to ensuring that the just transition is a key part of how the agriculture project was designed.
[10:48] Then the second on the financing you can see that through that integrated design we then also took an integrated approach to financing using technical assistance resources for upstream analytics project development trust fund grant financing from phil philanthropic which was a specific trust fund with a purpose for just transition and then the core loan project of ADB for scale and
[11:13] project of ADB for scale and implementation for the agriculture in um implementation for the agriculture in um intervention.
[11:18] intervention. Next slide.
[11:21] Next slide. So different financing instruments will serve different roles but how we think about these financing instruments in just transition needs to be different to how we think about them uh in in mitigation and adaptation.
[11:35] Of course there's overlaps but there are different specific needs around just transition that need different financing approach.
[11:42] Grants can derisk investments and finance social transition components.
[11:47] Technical assistance can build the enabling environment. Concessional finance can support public good investments.
[11:53] And then conver commercial finance can be brought in to enable scale.
[11:58] So you really need this portfolio approach. Next slide. And this is my last slide.
[12:04] Um so in terms of linking it to to the first part of I was asked to speak about in terms of international cooperation. So it really is critical
[12:14] Cooperation.
[12:17] So it really is critical dialogues like this to actually align dialogues like this to actually align our understanding of what we mean um by our understanding of what we mean um by finance financing just transition.
[12:24] We can come together to mobilize different types of finance from different sources.
[12:28] And enable risk sharing across governments development finance institutes and the private sector.
[12:35] So just to conclude I think just transition is not a social add-on.
[12:40] It's what makes transitions implementable, investable, and sustainable.
[12:45] And so when designing interventions and looking for finance, we need to have that at the core of the thinking.
[12:49] Thanks very much.
[12:59] Thanks so much, Kate.
[13:01] A really useful and practical presentation.
[13:03] We're really grateful for you to share your expertise, and we know you need to get to the next event.
[13:09] Um, now it's my great pleasure to invite Stig Svenson, deputy director general from the Norwegian Ministry of Energy.
[13:15] from the Norwegian Ministry of Energy and member of the technology executive
[13:17] and member of the technology executive committee for his presentation.
[13:20] committee for his presentation.
[13:22] Over to you, Stig.
[13:25] Thank you very much Julia.
[13:27] Um, so good morning everyone and thank you very much for the opportunity to contribute with
[13:30] for the opportunity to contribute with the text work on uh to this discussion.
[13:33] the text work on uh to this discussion.
[13:35] So I will now speak on behalf of the technology executive committee not on
[13:37] technology executive committee not on behalf of Norway because I'm a member of
[13:39] behalf of Norway because I'm a member of that committee but uh uh food security
[13:44] that committee but uh uh food security and and oceans have been part of our
[13:46] and and oceans have been part of our work program for the last four years and
[13:48] work program for the last four years and it's a five-year work program.
[13:50] it's a five-year work program.
[13:52] So it's very suitable that we can be able to share our experiences and our work here.
[13:57] share our experiences and our work here.
[13:59] So speaking from the perspective of the technology executive committee,
[14:01] technology executive committee, technology and innovation are
[14:02] technology and innovation are fundamental enablers of just transition
[14:04] fundamental enablers of just transition pathways particularly in food systems
[14:07] pathways particularly in food systems where climate action must go hand inhand
[14:09] where climate action must go hand inhand with food security and livelihoods.
[14:13] with food security and livelihoods.
[14:13] From the work of the committee in we
[14:16] From the work of the committee in we included a focus on water energy food
[14:19] included a focus on water energy food nexus and we are one of the key messages
[14:22] nexus and we are one of the key messages out of this work is that transforming
[14:25] out of this work is that transforming agri food systems require an integrated
[14:28] agri food systems require an integrated systemsbased approach. Technologies
[14:31] systemsbased approach. Technologies cannot be considered in isolation. For
[14:34] cannot be considered in isolation. For example, agriculture production depends
[14:35] example, agriculture production depends on water availability and energy access.
[14:39] on water availability and energy access. Post-th harvest systems rely on
[14:41] Post-th harvest systems rely on infrastructure, storage and transport
[14:43] infrastructure, storage and transport and all of these are influenced by
[14:45] and all of these are influenced by policy, finance and market conditions.
[14:48] policy, finance and market conditions. Together with FO, the technology
[14:50] Together with FO, the technology executive committee has developed a
[14:52] executive committee has developed a range of knowledge products that map
[14:55] range of knowledge products that map climate technologies across agri food
[14:57] climate technologies across agri food value chains from production to
[14:59] value chains from production to processing, storage and distribution and
[15:02] processing, storage and distribution and identify both opportunities and
[15:04] identify both opportunities and barriers. These include challenges
[15:07] barriers. These include challenges related to I forgot to switch
[15:12] related to I forgot to switch uh across yeah and identify both
[15:15] uh across yeah and identify both opportunities and barriers. These
[15:16] opportunities and barriers.
[15:18] These include challenges related to finance that we just heard about limited technical capacity and gaps in enabling environments.
[15:25] Addressing these barriers is just as important as advancing the technologies themselves.
[15:32] Technology is not only about physical infrastructure or equipment.
[15:34] It is also in includes knowledge systems, practices, digital solutions and institutional arrangements.
[15:44] For instance, climate resilient crop varieties, agroecological practices, renewable energy for irrigation and improved storage technologies can significantly reduce losses and increase resilience.
[15:59] In addition, emerging technologies are opening new frontiers.
[16:05] The tech has been exploring the role of artificial intelligence in climate action, including applications in precise agriculture, climate risk modeling, and early warning systems and
[16:18] modeling, and early warning systems and decision support tools.
[16:21] These decision support tools.
[16:23] These technologies can enhance efficiency and targeting, but they also raise questions
[16:25] around access, capacity, data governance, and equity that we need to consider carefully.
[16:33] A consistent finding from the text work is that technology transfer must evolve beyond a one-directional process.
[16:41] It needs to be collaborative, inclusive, and demand driven.
[16:45] Countries and communities should be at the center of identifying their needs and shaping solutions.
[16:52] Strengthening local innovation ecosystems such as research institution, extension services and private sector actors are all essential to technologies are adapted to local context and can be sustained over time.
[17:08] Equally important is capacity building and knowledge sharing.
[17:12] Even the most advanced technologies will not deliver results without the capacity to use, maintain and scale them.
[17:19] maintain and scale them.
[17:21] This includes building technical skills, strengthening institutions and enabling effective policy and regulation frameworks.
[17:29] It also involves facilitating peer learning and exchange of experiences across countries and regions.
[17:39] From a just transition perspective, these elements become even more critical.
[17:45] A just transition is not only about achieving climate goal.
[17:47] It's about how those goals are achieved and who benefits.
[17:53] In the context of food systems.
[17:55] This means ensuring that transition to climate resilient and low emission pathways, safeguard food security, protect and enhance livelihoods, especially for small holder farmers and rural communities, promote decent work and inclusive economic opportunities, and give equitable access to technologies and their benefits.
[18:14] It also means addressing potential trade-offs.
[18:16] For example, the introduction of new technologies may
[18:20] Introduction of new technologies may change labor dynamics, require new skills, or shift value chains.
[18:26] Without adequate support, this could risk exacerbating inequalities.
[18:31] Therefore, policies and interventions must anticipate these impacts and provide support for reskilling, inclusion, and social protection.
[18:39] This is what we discussed yesterday.
[18:42] Another s central dimension is the recognition of local and indigenous knowledge systems.
[18:46] These often provide effective lowcost and context specific solutions particularly for adaptation.
[18:53] Combining these with modern technologies can lead to more robust and sustainable outcomes.
[19:00] The tech work also underscores the need for integrated approaches that link technology with finance, policy and partnerships.
[19:08] Scaling up solutions require coordinated action across sectors and stakeholders.
[19:13] It also require finance both public and private to move from pilot projects to large scale implementation.
[19:19] Thank you for your attention.
[19:28] Thank you so much Steve.
[19:30] Really useful to hear about that work of the tech and how it um complements the work that we're doing here in this room.
[19:37] Um finally our last opening presentation I'm delighted to welcome Sangji Lee from the United Nations Development Program.
[19:44] She's report um presenting virtually.
[19:48] Sangji, are you online?
[19:56] Great. We can see you.
[19:59] Great. Um uh great.
[20:05] Um so it is my pleasure to join the the fifth dialogue under the UA just transition work program and my apologies that I could not be there in person as I'm based in New York.
[20:14] Uh but I hope you're all enjoying Korea which is also my home country.
[20:18] Um I did prepare a short sin setting presentation focusing very much on UNP's experience supporting the enabling environments.
[20:29] supporting the enabling environments needed for the just transition pathways.
[20:32] needed for the just transition pathways. Next slide please.
[20:35] Next slide please. Let me start by taking a step back and
[20:37] Let me start by taking a step back and look at the global state of play. Uh as
[20:40] look at the global state of play. Uh as you can see here according to the UNP
[20:41] you can see here according to the UNP analysis just transition is becoming a
[20:44] analysis just transition is becoming a mainstream feature of the NDC 3.0.
[20:47] mainstream feature of the NDC 3.0. According to our analysis, more than 90%
[20:49] According to our analysis, more than 90% of the new entities now include just
[20:51] of the new entities now include just transition considerations and many are
[20:54] transition considerations and many are also applying a socioeconomic lens to
[20:56] also applying a socioeconomic lens to climate finance and and considering the
[20:59] climate finance and and considering the equity and social indicators into their
[21:02] equity and social indicators into their MRV systems and this is very encouraging
[21:05] MRV systems and this is very encouraging but I guess the key challenge now is
[21:07] but I guess the key challenge now is really about implementation and that's
[21:09] really about implementation and that's why I believe the conversation today on
[21:12] why I believe the conversation today on the enabling environment is so timely
[21:14] the enabling environment is so timely because we really need the right
[21:16] because we really need the right policies and right enabling environments
[21:18] policies and right enabling environments to turn these commitments into real
[21:21] to turn these commitments into real outcomes for people and communities.
[21:23] outcomes for people and communities. Next slide.
[21:26] Next slide. So let's look specifically at the at the
[21:28] So let's look specifically at the at the agriculture and the oceanbased
[21:30] agriculture and the oceanbased solutions. Um as as I think ADB
[21:33] solutions. Um as as I think ADB colleague has mentioned uh these sectors
[21:36] colleague has mentioned uh these sectors the pressure is really rising right
[21:38] the pressure is really rising right they're facing the climate shocks
[21:40] they're facing the climate shocks biodiversity loss food volatility and
[21:43] biodiversity loss food volatility and the markets is also changing but there
[21:46] the markets is also changing but there is also a real opportunity uh the
[21:48] is also a real opportunity uh the climate resilient and low emission
[21:50] climate resilient and low emission practices help reduce losses they
[21:53] practices help reduce losses they improve productivity they could create
[21:55] improve productivity they could create better livelihoods and so on so I guess
[21:57] better livelihoods and so on so I guess the key question here is not really
[21:59] the key question here is not really about whether the opportunities and risk
[22:02] about whether the opportunities and risk exist or not, but how they are actually
[22:05] exist or not, but how they are actually distributed across society because
[22:07] distributed across society because without really the right safeguards and
[22:09] without really the right safeguards and enabling environments uh the one who's
[22:12] enabling environments uh the one who's most um disproportionately affected are
[22:15] most um disproportionately affected are usually the smallh holder farmers,
[22:17] usually the smallh holder farmers, fishers, women, informer workers and so
[22:19] fishers, women, informer workers and so on. So to address this uh UNP's approach
[22:23] on. So to address this uh UNP's approach on just transition really builds around
[22:25] on just transition really builds around these five key practical building
[22:27] these five key practical building blocks. So we called it a building
[22:29] blocks. So we called it a building blocks approach which also serves as a
[22:31] blocks approach which also serves as a key enabling elements for implementing
[22:34] key enabling elements for implementing just transition commitments and I'm
[22:36] just transition commitments and I'm going to go through them one by one very
[22:38] going to go through them one by one very quickly. Uh next slide.
[22:42] So uh the transition impact assessment
[22:45] So uh the transition impact assessment and MRV so which is all about having the
[22:48] and MRV so which is all about having the data and evidence to understand the
[22:51] data and evidence to understand the impacts of those uh sectoral policies
[22:54] impacts of those uh sectoral policies and climate policies. And this is
[22:56] and climate policies. And this is particularly important for agriculture
[22:58] particularly important for agriculture and oceanbased solutions because there's
[23:00] and oceanbased solutions because there's a high level of uncertainty and also the
[23:03] a high level of uncertainty and also the impacts are pretty uneven. So what helps
[23:06] impacts are pretty uneven. So what helps what what this transition impact
[23:08] what what this transition impact assessment does is really to help
[23:10] assessment does is really to help governments to generate the evidence
[23:12] governments to generate the evidence needed to understand what will be
[23:14] needed to understand what will be affected, who will be affected, to what
[23:16] affected, who will be affected, to what extent so they can come up with uh more
[23:19] extent so they can come up with uh more targeted and effective just transition
[23:21] targeted and effective just transition measures. So for example, if you look at
[23:23] measures. So for example, if you look at the table on your left side, UNP has
[23:26] the table on your left side, UNP has supported analysis of how climate smart
[23:29] supported analysis of how climate smart agriculture could impact the women and
[23:32] agriculture could impact the women and youth livelihoods in Zimbabwe and this
[23:35] youth livelihoods in Zimbabwe and this evidence really helped and for the
[23:37] evidence really helped and for the government to develop a targeted
[23:39] government to develop a targeted capacity building initiatives um as a
[23:42] capacity building initiatives um as a next steps. Uh so we've been supporting
[23:44] next steps. Uh so we've been supporting this end to end uh support on building
[23:47] this end to end uh support on building the nationallyowned models to look at
[23:49] the nationallyowned models to look at the climate policy impacts and we're
[23:52] the climate policy impacts and we're also increasingly supporting countries
[23:54] also increasingly supporting countries through our MRV system support to
[23:56] through our MRV system support to integrate the social and equity related
[23:59] integrate the social and equity related indicators and dimensions into the MRV
[24:02] indicators and dimensions into the MRV system. So all of these commitments can
[24:04] system. So all of these commitments can be followed through. Next slide.
[24:10] Uh next slide please. Yes. uh this on
[24:14] Uh next slide please. Yes. uh this on this point uh UNP together with the UNF
[24:16] this point uh UNP together with the UNF C and KCI we did develop a self-paced
[24:19] C and KCI we did develop a self-paced online training module on climate policy
[24:21] online training module on climate policy impact assessment to help you build the
[24:24] impact assessment to help you build the capacity for evidence-based policy
[24:26] capacity for evidence-based policy making so this is completely free uh so
[24:29] making so this is completely free uh so I hope you can all check them out uh and
[24:31] I hope you can all check them out uh and make the most out of it next slide
[24:36] make the most out of it next slide uh the second building block is
[24:37] uh the second building block is engagement ensuring a whole of society
[24:40] engagement ensuring a whole of society and whole of government approach to
[24:42] and whole of government approach to co-create the climate actions and
[24:44] co-create the climate actions and solution and UNP has been supporting the
[24:46] solution and UNP has been supporting the stakeholder mapping and helping to
[24:49] stakeholder mapping and helping to establish the national platforms on just
[24:51] establish the national platforms on just transition and indeed we are seeing more
[24:53] transition and indeed we are seeing more and more countries having a dedicated
[24:55] and more countries having a dedicated institutional coordination mechanism to
[24:57] institutional coordination mechanism to discuss just transition matters specific
[25:00] discuss just transition matters specific for example in Antigua and Barbuda they
[25:02] for example in Antigua and Barbuda they do have a just transition working group
[25:04] do have a just transition working group uh and Chile has the interministerial
[25:07] uh and Chile has the interministerial coordination body on just transition
[25:09] coordination body on just transition which is needed in order to really apply
[25:12] which is needed in order to really apply this whole of economy approach. Um in
[25:14] this whole of economy approach. Um in the case of forestry and agriculture, we
[25:17] the case of forestry and agriculture, we are working also very closely with the
[25:19] are working also very closely with the indigenous peoples and local
[25:20] indigenous peoples and local communities. Um I could give an example
[25:23] communities. Um I could give an example of our work in Cambodia. Uh we are
[25:26] of our work in Cambodia. Uh we are providing a direct grant to indigenous
[25:28] providing a direct grant to indigenous people and local communities so that
[25:30] people and local communities so that they can actually lead a locally driven
[25:32] they can actually lead a locally driven climate action. So with these grants uh
[25:35] climate action. So with these grants uh they can protect forest, strengthen the
[25:37] they can protect forest, strengthen the land rights and governance and build
[25:39] land rights and governance and build more resilient livelihoods and we
[25:41] more resilient livelihoods and we believe this is a real case of
[25:42] believe this is a real case of engagement right the community is
[25:44] engagement right the community is leading the climate action and not just
[25:46] leading the climate action and not just being the beneficiary.
[25:48] being the beneficiary. Next slide.
[25:51] Next slide. The third building block is policy
[25:52] The third building block is policy institutional capacity building support
[25:55] institutional capacity building support and this is where we see and where we
[25:57] and this is where we see and where we see many countries is facing a gap
[25:59] see many countries is facing a gap between NDC ambitions and
[26:00] between NDC ambitions and implementation. Right? the NDCS may set
[26:03] implementation. Right? the NDCS may set the direction but the imple
[26:05] the direction but the imple implementation requires sectoral road
[26:08] implementation requires sectoral road maps, policy pipelines, institutional
[26:10] maps, policy pipelines, institutional arrangements and so on. So we're trying
[26:12] arrangements and so on. So we're trying to connect the dots uh in this case by
[26:15] to connect the dots uh in this case by you know helping de develop different
[26:17] you know helping de develop different policy instruments or strengthen the
[26:19] policy instruments or strengthen the institutional mandates and so on. Um, a
[26:22] institutional mandates and so on. Um, a useful example could be the our support
[26:24] useful example could be the our support in Costa Rica where UNDP and partners
[26:27] in Costa Rica where UNDP and partners are supporting the development of the
[26:29] are supporting the development of the deforestation free beef standard and
[26:32] deforestation free beef standard and strengthen the traceability through the
[26:34] strengthen the traceability through the update land use data. This was also
[26:37] update land use data. This was also paired with the market and regulatory
[26:39] paired with the market and regulatory incentives as well as a gender inclusion
[26:42] incentives as well as a gender inclusion roadmap for woman and livestock. So this
[26:44] roadmap for woman and livestock. So this really shows how policy, markets, data,
[26:48] really shows how policy, markets, data, regulations, and inclusion can all come
[26:50] regulations, and inclusion can all come together to support a credible and fair
[26:53] together to support a credible and fair transition pathways. Next slide.
[26:58] transition pathways. Next slide. The fourth building block is transition
[27:00] The fourth building block is transition finance. I think the adb colleague had
[27:02] finance. I think the adb colleague had already touched this a lot, but we
[27:03] already touched this a lot, but we believe that even though the good
[27:05] believe that even though the good policies exist, countries need the
[27:07] policies exist, countries need the financial architecture to implement
[27:09] financial architecture to implement them. And this is not just about
[27:11] them. And this is not just about mobilizing resources but also making
[27:13] mobilizing resources but also making sure that they reach the right people.
[27:16] sure that they reach the right people. Um here we are working together with
[27:17] Um here we are working together with both the public and private sectors to
[27:19] both the public and private sectors to understand different transition
[27:21] understand different transition activities, develop investable pipeline
[27:24] activities, develop investable pipeline and help develop uh the beneficiary
[27:26] and help develop uh the beneficiary mechanisms. Um one practical example I
[27:30] mechanisms. Um one practical example I could provide is the UNP's partnership
[27:32] could provide is the UNP's partnership with Lavatza Foundation. I think you all
[27:34] with Lavatza Foundation. I think you all know Lavatza uh between the government
[27:37] know Lavatza uh between the government of Ecuador and here we supported the
[27:40] of Ecuador and here we supported the world's first nationally certified
[27:42] world's first nationally certified deforestation free coffee and this
[27:44] deforestation free coffee and this initiative supported 400 small holder
[27:47] initiative supported 400 small holder farmers and the Amazon and really to
[27:50] farmers and the Amazon and really to make a traceable and high value coffee
[27:52] make a traceable and high value coffee markets and I for me I think this is a
[27:55] markets and I for me I think this is a really strong example of just transition
[27:57] really strong example of just transition in agriculture because it really helps
[27:59] in agriculture because it really helps decouple production from deforestation
[28:02] decouple production from deforestation while ensuring that small holder farmers
[28:04] while ensuring that small holder farmers are not left behind but instead they
[28:07] are not left behind but instead they were able to access this this better
[28:09] were able to access this this better market uh with this initiative.
[28:12] market uh with this initiative. Next slide.
[28:14] Next slide. I think yeah to conclude I think that
[28:16] I think yeah to conclude I think that was the last one. Um the agriculture and
[28:18] was the last one. Um the agriculture and ocean based sectors are central to
[28:20] ocean based sectors are central to climate action food security and
[28:22] climate action food security and livelihoods but they're also sectors
[28:25] livelihoods but they're also sectors where transition impacts are so deeply
[28:27] where transition impacts are so deeply political, social and economic. So
[28:30] political, social and economic. So that's why having that right enabling
[28:32] that's why having that right enabling environment is so critical. I know I had
[28:35] environment is so critical. I know I had to move very quickly with the time
[28:36] to move very quickly with the time limit. So please feel free to reach out
[28:38] limit. So please feel free to reach out if you would like to know more about the
[28:40] if you would like to know more about the the cases that I presented today or hear
[28:43] the cases that I presented today or hear more about the UNP support in this area.
[28:46] more about the UNP support in this area. So I'll leave it at that and give the
[28:48] So I'll leave it at that and give the floor back to the chair. Thank you so
[28:50] floor back to the chair. Thank you so much.
[28:52] much. >> Thank you so much Sanji.
[28:57] So with those three very interesting,
[29:00] So with those three very interesting, very informative um and informationrich
[29:02] very informative um and informationrich presentations, we are ready to kick off
[29:04] presentations, we are ready to kick off our discussions
[29:06] our discussions um for the rest of the day. So just
[29:08] um for the rest of the day. So just briefly on logistics. So as I mentioned
[29:11] briefly on logistics. So as I mentioned there will be three discussion rounds
[29:13] there will be three discussion rounds with assigned facilitators for each
[29:15] with assigned facilitators for each topic and at the end of each round uh
[29:18] topic and at the end of each round uh facilitators will be rotated to another
[29:20] facilitators will be rotated to another room so that you'll each get the
[29:22] room so that you'll each get the opportunity to participate in each
[29:24] opportunity to participate in each thematic discussion. Um, we're going to
[29:27] thematic discussion. Um, we're going to run each round for about 45 minutes with
[29:29] run each round for about 45 minutes with a break of about 10 minutes in between
[29:32] a break of about 10 minutes in between to allow facilitators to move between
[29:34] to allow facilitators to move between rooms and we will convene back here in
[29:37] rooms and we will convene back here in plenary around noon for uh short report
[29:40] plenary around noon for uh short report backs from facilitators and then we'll
[29:43] backs from facilitators and then we'll have a lunch break and kick into the
[29:45] have a lunch break and kick into the afternoon session. So you your three
[29:49] afternoon session. So you your three breakout rooms are here in the
[29:51] breakout rooms are here in the conference hall or seminar room three or
[29:54] conference hall or seminar room three or seminar room four. Um you can choose
[29:57] seminar room four. Um you can choose whichever room you'd like. Just please
[29:59] whichever room you'd like. Just please be a bit mindful of um numbers overall
[30:03] be a bit mindful of um numbers overall balance in terms of numbers and
[30:04] balance in terms of numbers and participation in each room. And once you
[30:07] participation in each room. And once you pick your room please stay in that room
[30:09] pick your room please stay in that room for the duration of the morning session
[30:11] for the duration of the morning session so that you can be part of the
[30:13] so that you can be part of the discussion on each of the topics. Okay.
[30:16] discussion on each of the topics. Okay. So thanks very much. You may all proceed
[30:18] So thanks very much. You may all proceed to your rooms again. It's here or
[30:20] to your rooms again. It's here or seminar 3, seminar room 3 or seminar
[30:24] seminar 3, seminar room 3 or seminar room 4 and secretariat colleagues will
[30:27] room 4 and secretariat colleagues will help if anyone needs assistance getting
[30:29] help if anyone needs assistance getting there. Thanks.
[31:33] Yes,
[31:35] Yes, You're right.
[33:46] Sorry the people staying in this room
[33:48] Sorry the people staying in this room just for you to know we will be touching
[33:50] just for you to know we will be touching on climate finance for just transition.
[33:53] on climate finance for just transition. So if you're up to that yeah just stay
[33:56] So if you're up to that yeah just stay in this room.
[34:42] If you can help me take notes maybe
[34:48] yeah I don't know how much time do we
[34:50] yeah I don't know how much time do we give them to move
[34:53] Let me check.
[35:00] The breakouts and
[35:20] No, I was going to stand here.
[35:24] No, I was going to stand here. Yeah, because also
[35:29] I like to
[35:35] okay
[35:38] okay if
[35:44] you want to do that.
[35:57] I guess
[36:00] I guess we
[36:02] we >> there will be some slides with just the
[36:04] >> there will be some slides with just the question.
[36:46] I don't know the number.
[38:48] Hallelujah.
[40:49] Yeah, of course.
[40:55] after you make the announcement.
[41:00] >> Hi everyone.
[41:02] >> Hi everyone. >> Hi everyone. We want to make a a start
[41:05] >> Hi everyone. We want to make a a start uh very properly. So I'm going to hand
[41:07] uh very properly. So I'm going to hand back to your facilitator in a moment.
[41:09] back to your facilitator in a moment. But I just we're trying to make make
[41:11] But I just we're trying to make make sure there's balance across all the
[41:12] sure there's balance across all the rooms as well. There's not many people
[41:14] rooms as well. There's not many people in seminar room three at the moment
[41:16] in seminar room three at the moment downstairs to the left. If anyone uh
[41:20] downstairs to the left. If anyone uh would like to go there to create a bit
[41:23] would like to go there to create a bit more balance across then uh please do
[41:26] more balance across then uh please do so. Obviously it's up up to you but
[41:27] so. Obviously it's up up to you but we're just trying to um ensure we have
[41:30] we're just trying to um ensure we have decent a critical mass of people in each
[41:32] decent a critical mass of people in each room. But uh with that I'll I'll leave
[41:35] room. But uh with that I'll I'll leave it to you and uh hand back. Thanks.
[42:25] Yes.
[42:34] Yeah, maybe that one.
[42:38] Yeah, maybe that one. So, I'll ask them to project
[42:45] Yes. But not immediately. Just
[42:50] >> we cannot project, right? Okay.
[42:55] >> we cannot project, right? Okay. >> Yeah. Great. Can we project the
[42:58] >> Yeah. Great. Can we project the questions?
[44:13] Hello everyone.
[44:15] Hello everyone. So
[44:16] So one moment of your attention. So we are
[44:19] one moment of your attention. So we are about to start. However, this is a round
[44:22] about to start. However, this is a round table and we are not even close to a
[44:24] table and we are not even close to a round table setting and we are very
[44:27] round table setting and we are very dispersed all around red room. So I will
[44:29] dispersed all around red room. So I will kindly ask the people that are very in
[44:31] kindly ask the people that are very in the back to just come up to the front so
[44:34] the back to just come up to the front so we can actually have a faster discussion
[44:37] we can actually have a faster discussion and if the mic needs to go around it
[44:40] and if the mic needs to go around it could be faster. So, please just move a
[44:42] could be faster. So, please just move a little bit to the tables in the front so
[44:45] little bit to the tables in the front so this can be easier. Thank you.
[46:35] Yes.
[46:37] Yes. >> Yes.
[46:40] >> Thank you.
[46:47] Okay.
[46:54] >> Are you ready?
[46:57] >> Are you ready? >> Okay. Thank you. So, yeah, come on
[47:00] >> Okay. Thank you. So, yeah, come on please to the front whenever you
[47:01] please to the front whenever you possible. So, uh good morning everyone
[47:05] possible. So, uh good morning everyone again. Welcome to this round table. And
[47:09] again. Welcome to this round table. And if you are not lost, today we're going
[47:11] if you are not lost, today we're going to talk about climate finance for just
[47:13] to talk about climate finance for just transitions with a focus on food
[47:16] transitions with a focus on food security.
[47:18] security. So welcome. I know this is the last
[47:20] So welcome. I know this is the last session of the week and potentially you
[47:22] session of the week and potentially you are all very tired and uh yeah, you want
[47:26] are all very tired and uh yeah, you want to either explore Yosu or go to Soul and
[47:30] to either explore Yosu or go to Soul and explore a little bit or just rest. So
[47:32] explore a little bit or just rest. So let's try to make this as fun and fast
[47:35] let's try to make this as fun and fast as possible. Um so first of all let me
[47:39] as possible. Um so first of all let me introduce myself. I will be the
[47:41] introduce myself. I will be the moderator today for this discussion. My
[47:44] moderator today for this discussion. My name is Danna Casada. I'm from the
[47:46] name is Danna Casada. I'm from the global green growth institute and I
[47:48] global green growth institute and I focus on macroeconomic modeling. So
[47:51] focus on macroeconomic modeling. So basically I quantify how many jobs the
[47:54] basically I quantify how many jobs the transition it's going to create or
[47:57] transition it's going to create or destroy for the different sectors either
[48:00] destroy for the different sectors either energy or agriculture even transport
[48:03] energy or agriculture even transport sector and yeah I support the countries
[48:07] sector and yeah I support the countries basically linking those assessments to
[48:09] basically linking those assessments to their NDCS their naps their LTLETs and
[48:11] their NDCS their naps their LTLETs and so on and here with me it's uh my
[48:14] so on and here with me it's uh my colleague
[48:16] colleague Sodamin
[48:19] Sodamin so will help us take notes and yeah make
[48:24] so will help us take notes and yeah make sense of all the comments that everyone
[48:27] sense of all the comments that everyone will um provide and we also have people
[48:31] will um provide and we also have people online so the people online welcome
[48:33] online so the people online welcome thanks for joining this discussion and
[48:36] thanks for joining this discussion and please feel free to raise your hand or
[48:39] please feel free to raise your hand or write comments as you seem fit so let's
[48:43] write comments as you seem fit so let's start so as I mentioned the topic of
[48:46] start so as I mentioned the topic of today it's uh climate finance for just
[48:48] today it's uh climate finance for just transition
[48:50] transition And I want to be very practical because
[48:53] And I want to be very practical because we are all moving on towards
[48:55] we are all moving on towards implementation and in order to implement
[48:58] implementation and in order to implement we need money but what is the anchor for
[49:01] we need money but what is the anchor for implementation.
[49:03] implementation. So it's the NDCS or the development
[49:06] So it's the NDCS or the development policies. So I would actually want to
[49:09] policies. So I would actually want to start with the last question here that
[49:12] start with the last question here that it's provided. So how can countries
[49:15] it's provided. So how can countries translate indices or naps or these
[49:19] translate indices or naps or these specific food system strategies into
[49:22] specific food system strategies into investable programmatic pipelines that
[49:25] investable programmatic pipelines that can actually mobilize resources and in
[49:29] can actually mobilize resources and in the context setting we just hear that
[49:32] the context setting we just hear that 90% of the NDCs of the countries
[49:36] 90% of the NDCs of the countries actually include just transition um
[49:39] actually include just transition um characteristics or just transition
[49:42] characteristics or just transition inclusion in the NDC's but somehow this
[49:47] inclusion in the NDC's but somehow this uh translating just transition practices
[49:50] uh translating just transition practices from the NDC towards the actual pipeline
[49:53] from the NDC towards the actual pipeline of projects of the NDC it's lost. So I
[49:57] of projects of the NDC it's lost. So I would like to hear from you if in your
[50:00] would like to hear from you if in your countries you have a specific either
[50:03] countries you have a specific either methodology or a or a project example
[50:06] methodology or a or a project example where you said like hey we really try to
[50:09] where you said like hey we really try to actually incorporate the just transition
[50:12] actually incorporate the just transition principles that we establish on our NDC
[50:15] principles that we establish on our NDC into our investment project. It can be
[50:19] into our investment project. It can be in the agricultural sector in for
[50:22] in the agricultural sector in for example the energy sector with a coal
[50:25] example the energy sector with a coal chain system for food securityities. Any
[50:28] chain system for food securityities. Any example that anyone would like to
[50:30] example that anyone would like to provide or
[50:46] >> Yes, sure. Let me
[50:48] >> Yes, sure. Let me There's another mic here.
[50:52] There's another mic here. >> Wait, there's another mic here. So maybe
[51:03] um hello everyone and and good morning.
[51:05] um hello everyone and and good morning. I'd like to just uh say that we we
[51:08] I'd like to just uh say that we we cannot have this uh slide reflected on
[51:10] cannot have this uh slide reflected on the screen as is because it's different
[51:13] the screen as is because it's different than what the focal points have
[51:15] than what the focal points have received. Um this one says it's uh
[51:18] received. Um this one says it's uh transitioning away from fossil fuels but
[51:21] transitioning away from fossil fuels but in what the focal points have received
[51:24] in what the focal points have received has a different language and I would
[51:25] has a different language and I would like to uh read the PDF on the concept
[51:29] like to uh read the PDF on the concept note and what it says in the guiding
[51:32] note and what it says in the guiding question. Um
[51:36] give me just a second.
[51:42] So it says
[51:45] So it says what financing approaches
[51:48] what financing approaches uh and partnerships can accelerate
[51:53] uh and partnerships can accelerate uh nationally determined just
[51:54] uh nationally determined just transitions towards resilient low
[51:57] transitions towards resilient low emission and sustainable food systems
[52:00] emission and sustainable food systems consistent with pathways to limit global
[52:02] consistent with pathways to limit global warming to 1.5
[52:05] warming to 1.5 degrees. So in when we look at the
[52:09] degrees. So in when we look at the uh the the concept note that was sent it
[52:13] uh the the concept note that was sent it was always towards low emissions and we
[52:15] was always towards low emissions and we do not see anything related to fossil
[52:19] do not see anything related to fossil fuels.
[52:20] fuels. So we we cannot have this slide uh we
[52:24] So we we cannot have this slide uh we this cannot be presented this these
[52:26] this cannot be presented this these guiding questions cannot be discussed
[52:28] guiding questions cannot be discussed unless we change them to reflect to what
[52:30] unless we change them to reflect to what the national focal points have received.
[52:32] the national focal points have received. Thank you.
[52:36] Thank you. Just a moment to clarify the
[52:46] Can you can you hear me? No, apologies.
[52:48] Can you can you hear me? No, apologies. There was just a copy pasting mistake on
[52:50] There was just a copy pasting mistake on the slide. The the questions that are
[52:52] the slide. The the questions that are the ones that will be discussed are the
[52:54] the ones that will be discussed are the ones on the concept note that you have
[52:56] ones on the concept note that you have all received and there is absolutely
[52:59] all received and there is absolutely uh no doubt uh in that regard. So I can
[53:03] uh no doubt uh in that regard. So I can read out the questions from the concept
[53:06] read out the questions from the concept note just so that there is no confusion.
[53:10] note just so that there is no confusion. So for this group it will be the first
[53:14] So for this group it will be the first one is how international cooperation and
[53:18] one is how international cooperation and access to climate finance
[53:21] access to climate finance better support nationally determine just
[53:23] better support nationally determine just transition pathways including by looking
[53:25] transition pathways including by looking at interlinkages between climate food
[53:27] at interlinkages between climate food security and ecosystems health and
[53:29] security and ecosystems health and approaches to address structural
[53:31] approaches to address structural challenges in risks and benefit sharing.
[53:34] challenges in risks and benefit sharing. What financing approaches and
[53:36] What financing approaches and partnerships can accelerate nationally
[53:38] partnerships can accelerate nationally determined just transitions towards
[53:40] determined just transitions towards resilient low emission and sustainable
[53:42] resilient low emission and sustainable food systems consistent with pathways to
[53:44] food systems consistent with pathways to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees
[53:47] limit global warming to 1.5 degrees while safeguarding livelihoods and
[53:49] while safeguarding livelihoods and ensuring food security and how can
[53:51] ensuring food security and how can countries translate NDC's knaps and food
[53:54] countries translate NDC's knaps and food system strategies into investable
[53:57] system strategies into investable programmatic pipelines that mobilize
[53:59] programmatic pipelines that mobilize sustained scaled up finance for just
[54:01] sustained scaled up finance for just transitions. So apologies if there was
[54:04] transitions. So apologies if there was any error in terms of what was reflected
[54:07] any error in terms of what was reflected on the slide that has no implications on
[54:09] on the slide that has no implications on what will be discussed in the room and I
[54:12] what will be discussed in the room and I will give it back to Diana to to
[54:14] will give it back to Diana to to facilitate please.
[54:18] facilitate please. Thank you and apologies for any
[54:20] Thank you and apologies for any copypaste mistake there has been. So
[54:26] copypaste mistake there has been. So everyone it's okay to move forward.
[54:29] everyone it's okay to move forward. Okay. So as I was saying
[54:34] Okay. So as I was saying I would like to focus on the
[54:35] I would like to focus on the implementation side first. So we will
[54:39] implementation side first. So we will start bottom up with the last question.
[54:42] start bottom up with the last question. So how can NDCs or how can countries
[54:47] So how can NDCs or how can countries translate NDCs, NAPs or food strategies
[54:51] translate NDCs, NAPs or food strategies into investable programmatic pipelines
[54:54] into investable programmatic pipelines and how can we avoid losing this
[54:57] and how can we avoid losing this translation of just transition
[54:58] translation of just transition principles in the NDCS
[55:01] principles in the NDCS once we find out our NDC uh investment
[55:06] once we find out our NDC uh investment pipelines? Anyone would like to uh
[55:09] pipelines? Anyone would like to uh comment.
[55:18] Oh, sorry.
[55:26] There is a mic back there, but I think I
[55:30] There is a mic back there, but I think I can share my mic. I can just bring it. I
[55:33] can share my mic. I can just bring it. I can bring Thank you. So, it's a bit
[55:38] can bring Thank you. So, it's a bit No, I was just asking to go back to the
[55:40] No, I was just asking to go back to the today's slide
[55:42] today's slide >> so that we can see.
[55:43] >> so that we can see. >> Yes.
[55:43] >> Yes. >> Thank you.
[55:46] >> Thank you. >> So the question at the very bottom any
[55:49] >> So the question at the very bottom any anyone
[55:51] anyone from the room I believe there was
[55:53] from the room I believe there was someone online check
[56:12] online wanted to comment, right?
[56:15] online wanted to comment, right? >> Yeah, that's it.
[56:18] >> Yeah, that's it. >> Uh, Adachi Muni, would you like to take
[56:21] >> Uh, Adachi Muni, would you like to take the opportunity to speak?
[56:29] you are muted
[56:31] you are muted so we cannot hear you.
[56:36] >> Okay. Uh can you hear me?
[56:38] >> Okay. Uh can you hear me? >> Yes, now we can hear you and see you.
[56:40] >> Yes, now we can hear you and see you. >> Okay, great. Great. Thank you madam
[56:43] >> Okay, great. Great. Thank you madam facilitator. Uh I'm Muni from Ministry
[56:46] facilitator. Uh I'm Muni from Ministry of Foreign Affairs Japan. Uh first of
[56:48] of Foreign Affairs Japan. Uh first of all uh with regard to international
[56:51] all uh with regard to international cooperation approach uh Japan would like
[56:53] cooperation approach uh Japan would like to highlight the importance of
[56:55] to highlight the importance of international cooperation to promote
[56:58] international cooperation to promote just transition toward 1.5 degree a
[57:01] just transition toward 1.5 degree a target across the world and we also
[57:04] target across the world and we also emphasize sharing best practices among
[57:07] emphasize sharing best practices among stakeholders is the most important
[57:09] stakeholders is the most important aspect of international cooperation. Uh
[57:12] aspect of international cooperation. Uh so today uh we would like to introduce
[57:15] so today uh we would like to introduce some good practices focusing on food
[57:18] some good practices focusing on food security including agricultural fishery
[57:21] security including agricultural fishery policy. Uh as an example of just
[57:25] policy. Uh as an example of just transition in Japan's agriculture
[57:28] transition in Japan's agriculture forestry and fisheries sector uh I'd
[57:32] forestry and fisheries sector uh I'd like to introduce the measures for
[57:34] like to introduce the measures for achievement of green food system
[57:37] achievement of green food system strategy. Erh for example uh smart
[57:40] strategy. Erh for example uh smart technologies promoted within the
[57:42] technologies promoted within the strategies are expected to have various
[57:46] strategies are expected to have various effects such as labor saving and
[57:49] effects such as labor saving and automation of work improved work safety
[57:53] automation of work improved work safety and reduced the use of chemical
[57:56] and reduced the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers.
[57:59] pesticides and fertilizers. Uh
[58:01] Uh I'm sorry uh sorry uh okay uh let me go
[58:05] I'm sorry uh sorry uh okay uh let me go back uh uh sorry once again uh as an
[58:10] back uh uh sorry once again uh as an example of just in Japan's agriculture
[58:13] example of just in Japan's agriculture forestry and fishery sectors I'd like to
[58:16] forestry and fishery sectors I'd like to introduce the measures for achievement
[58:19] introduce the measures for achievement of green food system strategy uh as
[58:23] of green food system strategy uh as Japan's policy uh this strategy
[58:26] Japan's policy uh this strategy formulated in 2021 One uh aims to
[58:30] formulated in 2021 One uh aims to achieve both increased productivity and
[58:33] achieve both increased productivity and sustainability in food, agriculture,
[58:36] sustainability in food, agriculture, forestry and fisheries uh through
[58:39] forestry and fisheries uh through advanced technology and innovation.
[58:42] advanced technology and innovation. And the strategy emphasize labor
[58:46] And the strategy emphasize labor reduction and productivity improvement,
[58:49] reduction and productivity improvement, maximum utilization of regional
[58:52] maximum utilization of regional resources, decarbonization,
[58:54] resources, decarbonization, uh reduction of chemical uh pesticides
[58:57] uh reduction of chemical uh pesticides and fertilizers and conservation and
[59:01] and fertilizers and conservation and restoration of biodiversity across the
[59:04] restoration of biodiversity across the entire supply chain including
[59:07] entire supply chain including procurement, production, uh proceeding,
[59:10] procurement, production, uh proceeding, uh distribution and consumption.
[59:13] uh distribution and consumption. From this perspective, the strategy set
[59:16] From this perspective, the strategy set out the following two goals. The first
[59:19] out the following two goals. The first one is by 2040
[59:23] one is by 2040 progressively develop innovative
[59:26] progressively develop innovative technologies and uh production systems
[59:29] technologies and uh production systems as uh technology development goal and by
[59:35] as uh technology development goal and by 2050 based on the development of
[59:38] 2050 based on the development of innovative technologies and production
[59:42] innovative technologies and production systems promote the green of policy
[59:45] systems promote the green of policy methods and achieve their social
[59:48] methods and achieve their social implementation. ation as social uh
[59:50] implementation. ation as social uh implementation goal. Uh uh there are two
[59:53] implementation goal. Uh uh there are two stage goals. In addition uh it sets
[59:58] stage goals. In addition uh it sets multiple ambitious uh numerical target
[01:00:01] multiple ambitious uh numerical target to be achieved by 2050 such as zero
[01:00:05] to be achieved by 2050 such as zero emission in agriculture, forestry and
[01:00:09] emission in agriculture, forestry and fishery and the expansion of organic
[01:00:13] fishery and the expansion of organic farming and also mentioned specific
[01:00:16] farming and also mentioned specific measures.
[01:00:18] measures. This contributes to employment measures
[01:00:21] This contributes to employment measures uh for the transition to a sustainable
[01:00:24] uh for the transition to a sustainable food system. For example, uh smart
[01:00:28] food system. For example, uh smart technology promoted within the
[01:00:31] technology promoted within the strategies are expected to have various
[01:00:34] strategies are expected to have various effects such as labor saving and
[01:00:37] effects such as labor saving and automation of work uh improved work
[01:00:40] automation of work uh improved work safety and reduced use of chemical
[01:00:43] safety and reduced use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers. Furthermore,
[01:00:46] pesticides and fertilizers. Furthermore, our role in acted after the formulation
[01:00:50] our role in acted after the formulation of the strategy contribute to a just
[01:00:53] of the strategy contribute to a just transition by encouraging producers to
[01:00:57] transition by encouraging producers to undertake efforts to to reduce
[01:01:00] undertake efforts to to reduce environmental impact. specifically
[01:01:04] environmental impact. specifically producers who work to reduce
[01:01:06] producers who work to reduce environmental impact and businesses that
[01:01:10] environmental impact and businesses that provide new technologies contributing to
[01:01:13] provide new technologies contributing to environmental impact reductions are
[01:01:16] environmental impact reductions are certified based on the law. This
[01:01:20] certified based on the law. This provides beneficial measures such as uh
[01:01:23] provides beneficial measures such as uh financial support for necessary
[01:01:25] financial support for necessary equipment and one-stop administrative
[01:01:28] equipment and one-stop administrative procedures
[01:01:30] procedures and and in recent years uh in the J
[01:01:35] and and in recent years uh in the J credit scheme which is Japan's brand
[01:01:38] credit scheme which is Japan's brand carbon credit system methodologies in
[01:01:41] carbon credit system methodologies in the agricultural sector such as extended
[01:01:45] the agricultural sector such as extended mid season uh dage of uh party fields uh
[01:01:51] mid season uh dage of uh party fields uh have been uh expanding. This initiative
[01:01:55] have been uh expanding. This initiative uh related to additional income for
[01:01:57] uh related to additional income for farmers providing a incentive for
[01:02:01] farmers providing a incentive for environmental friendly agriculture and
[01:02:04] environmental friendly agriculture and can be set to contribute to a just
[01:02:07] can be set to contribute to a just transition not only for the agricultural
[01:02:11] transition not only for the agricultural sector but also for credit partners.
[01:02:15] sector but also for credit partners. uh in the fishery sectors uh promoting
[01:02:18] uh in the fishery sectors uh promoting zero emission through energy saving
[01:02:21] zero emission through energy saving measures for fishing vessels also
[01:02:24] measures for fishing vessels also contribute to a just transition. In this
[01:02:27] contribute to a just transition. In this way, Japan has various initiative and
[01:02:30] way, Japan has various initiative and knowledge in the agriculture and uh
[01:02:34] knowledge in the agriculture and uh fishery sectors domestically. We hope to
[01:02:37] fishery sectors domestically. We hope to contribute to promoting just transition
[01:02:40] contribute to promoting just transition in each country through sharing uh these
[01:02:42] in each country through sharing uh these practices. Finally uh I hope uh we can
[01:02:46] practices. Finally uh I hope uh we can have positive and constructive
[01:02:48] have positive and constructive discussion uh throughout today. Thank
[01:02:50] discussion uh throughout today. Thank you very much.
[01:02:52] you very much. >> Thank you. Uh yeah, it's very nice to
[01:02:55] >> Thank you. Uh yeah, it's very nice to hear from the Japan experience and to
[01:02:57] hear from the Japan experience and to hear that for example they are
[01:02:59] hear that for example they are introducing car carbon credit systems in
[01:03:01] introducing car carbon credit systems in order to finance some of their uh just
[01:03:04] order to finance some of their uh just transition components in the
[01:03:05] transition components in the agricultural and fishery sectors. Uh, I
[01:03:09] agricultural and fishery sectors. Uh, I believe we have someone else online that
[01:03:12] believe we have someone else online that would like to provide her comments or
[01:03:16] would like to provide her comments or his comments. Princess Abs,
[01:03:19] his comments. Princess Abs, if you can hear us, could you take the
[01:03:22] if you can hear us, could you take the mic?
[01:03:27] >> Yes, I can hear you. And I hope you can
[01:03:29] >> Yes, I can hear you. And I hope you can hear me um as well.
[01:03:31] hear me um as well. >> Yes, we can.
[01:03:32] >> Yes, we can. >> Can you confirm that that you can hear
[01:03:34] >> Can you confirm that that you can hear me?
[01:03:36] me? >> Yes, we can hear you.
[01:03:38] >> Yes, we can hear you. Okay, thank you very much. So, first of
[01:03:41] Okay, thank you very much. So, first of all, I want to to thank uh Japan for the
[01:03:44] all, I want to to thank uh Japan for the inputs that has been provided which also
[01:03:46] inputs that has been provided which also goes into the to the pathways of the the
[01:03:50] goes into the to the pathways of the the LDC's uh that I'm representing um uh
[01:03:54] LDC's uh that I'm representing um uh today. So, uh madame moderator, would
[01:03:56] today. So, uh madame moderator, would you like me to um go through all the
[01:03:59] you like me to um go through all the questions or just to focus on one uh on
[01:04:02] questions or just to focus on one uh on one one one uh one question? How would
[01:04:05] one one one uh one question? How would you like me to proceed?
[01:04:08] you like me to proceed? Uh perhaps one question at the time,
[01:04:11] Uh perhaps one question at the time, >> right?
[01:04:11] >> right? >> Um
[01:04:13] >> Um uh maybe uh as the start with how can
[01:04:16] uh maybe uh as the start with how can international cooperation and access to
[01:04:19] international cooperation and access to climate finance better uh support
[01:04:22] climate finance better uh support national uh determined transition
[01:04:25] national uh determined transition pathways.
[01:04:27] pathways. >> Please go ahead.
[01:04:28] >> Please go ahead. >> Okay.
[01:04:30] >> Okay. on behalf of the uh the LDC's most LDC's
[01:04:34] on behalf of the uh the LDC's most LDC's uh embedded food system agriculture
[01:04:36] uh embedded food system agriculture fishing and climate resilience
[01:04:38] fishing and climate resilience objectives and their NDCS and NAPS which
[01:04:42] objectives and their NDCS and NAPS which um already uh uh national framework for
[01:04:45] um already uh uh national framework for just transition implementation
[01:04:48] just transition implementation and reflects sector specific across uh
[01:04:52] and reflects sector specific across uh agriculture livelihoods fisheries and
[01:04:55] agriculture livelihoods fisheries and food security while NAPS provides
[01:04:58] food security while NAPS provides structured pathways for long-term
[01:05:00] structured pathways for long-term adaptation planning. However, this plan
[01:05:04] adaptation planning. However, this plan remain largely unfunded and particularly
[01:05:08] remain largely unfunded and particularly implemented due to structural
[01:05:09] implemented due to structural constraint.
[01:05:11] constraint. International cooperation is therefore
[01:05:14] International cooperation is therefore essential to ensure that nationally
[01:05:17] essential to ensure that nationally determined just transition pathways are
[01:05:19] determined just transition pathways are fully operationalized
[01:05:21] fully operationalized rather than remaining ambitious
[01:05:24] rather than remaining ambitious documents.
[01:05:25] documents. LDC's received only 7.7 billion in
[01:05:30] LDC's received only 7.7 billion in related um development finance for
[01:05:33] related um development finance for agriculture system 5% of the total flows
[01:05:37] agriculture system 5% of the total flows despite a high a high uh vulnerability.
[01:05:42] despite a high a high uh vulnerability. Of this only 4.4 billion went to
[01:05:45] Of this only 4.4 billion went to adaptation highlighting a major gap and
[01:05:49] adaptation highlighting a major gap and resilience finance. Climate finance must
[01:05:52] resilience finance. Climate finance must be better.
[01:05:54] be better. Reflect interlinkages between finance,
[01:05:57] Reflect interlinkages between finance, food security and ecosystem.
[01:06:00] food security and ecosystem. Health, agriculture, fishering and
[01:06:02] Health, agriculture, fishering and ecosystem are deeply interconnected
[01:06:05] ecosystem are deeply interconnected requiring integrated financing
[01:06:08] requiring integrated financing approaches rather than siloed uh
[01:06:11] approaches rather than siloed uh sectoral funding. Just transition
[01:06:13] sectoral funding. Just transition pathways must therefore strengthen risk
[01:06:16] pathways must therefore strengthen risk of reduction, ecosystem restoration and
[01:06:19] of reduction, ecosystem restoration and food system resiliences
[01:06:22] food system resiliences uh simultaneously
[01:06:24] uh simultaneously limited ODA for the ocean economic
[01:06:28] limited ODA for the ocean economic exasperate
[01:06:31] exasperate uh financing shortflows. Concessional
[01:06:34] uh financing shortflows. Concessional development finance is vital source of
[01:06:37] development finance is vital source of funding for the sustainable ocean
[01:06:39] funding for the sustainable ocean economy especially in the poorest and
[01:06:42] economy especially in the poorest and most vulnerable countries including
[01:06:44] most vulnerable countries including seeds a ship countries African coastal
[01:06:49] seeds a ship countries African coastal nation and some LDC countries
[01:06:54] nation and some LDC countries where domestic resources of finance are
[01:06:57] where domestic resources of finance are most constrained and there is less
[01:06:59] most constrained and there is less private investment
[01:07:02] private investment addressing
[01:07:03] addressing Structural challenges and risk and best
[01:07:07] Structural challenges and risk and best benefit sharing require stronger
[01:07:10] benefit sharing require stronger national institution and local delivery
[01:07:13] national institution and local delivery systems to ensure equitable access to
[01:07:16] systems to ensure equitable access to finance. Ensuring that benefits of
[01:07:19] finance. Ensuring that benefits of transition
[01:07:21] transition reach smaller farmers and their
[01:07:23] reach smaller farmers and their families, fishes
[01:07:26] families, fishes and informal sector, informal workers
[01:07:28] and informal sector, informal workers who are most exposed of climate risk.
[01:07:32] who are most exposed of climate risk. Important to it's important to recognize
[01:07:35] Important to it's important to recognize also LDCs face structural barriers, weak
[01:07:39] also LDCs face structural barriers, weak institutional capacity and limited f
[01:07:42] institutional capacity and limited f physical space which require targeted
[01:07:45] physical space which require targeted international support. The just
[01:07:47] international support. The just transition mechanism and COP 30 outcome
[01:07:50] transition mechanism and COP 30 outcome should translate commitment into
[01:07:52] should translate commitment into tangible support for finance technology
[01:07:56] tangible support for finance technology transfer capacity building enabling
[01:07:58] transfer capacity building enabling inclusive implementation. I would like
[01:08:01] inclusive implementation. I would like an a national capacity for burkinaasu to
[01:08:04] an a national capacity for burkinaasu to also add uh the fact to yesterday I was
[01:08:08] also add uh the fact to yesterday I was talking about the uh the architecture of
[01:08:11] talking about the uh the architecture of finance if we don't touch upon uh this
[01:08:14] finance if we don't touch upon uh this one it will be very difficult uh to
[01:08:16] one it will be very difficult uh to reach our point and I'm talking about
[01:08:19] reach our point and I'm talking about that maybe invite colleagues to look
[01:08:21] that maybe invite colleagues to look about on the the basel tree uh um uh
[01:08:25] about on the the basel tree uh um uh framework that's it does means that
[01:08:28] framework that's it does means that developing countries we don't have a
[01:08:30] developing countries we don't have a financial flow. We need uh trillions to
[01:08:33] financial flow. We need uh trillions to transition in the African continent but
[01:08:36] transition in the African continent but most of the assets to regard uh to the
[01:08:39] most of the assets to regard uh to the frameworks the legal framework is
[01:08:42] frameworks the legal framework is binding the the full use of the domestic
[01:08:45] binding the the full use of the domestic finance. This is really critical that
[01:08:48] finance. This is really critical that our government in Bkina Faso is working
[01:08:50] our government in Bkina Faso is working on and it's very important that within
[01:08:53] on and it's very important that within the design of the just transition
[01:08:55] the design of the just transition mechanism that we really uh start
[01:08:58] mechanism that we really uh start thinking bold and touch upon on this
[01:09:00] thinking bold and touch upon on this one. If we don't touch at the
[01:09:02] one. If we don't touch at the international architecture with
[01:09:05] international architecture with compromis
[01:09:10] Thank you very much madame moderator. We
[01:09:12] Thank you very much madame moderator. We stop there for this uh uh question.
[01:09:14] stop there for this uh uh question. Thank you for the opportunity. Over to
[01:09:16] Thank you for the opportunity. Over to you.
[01:09:17] you. >> Thank you. Uh would you like to comment
[01:09:19] >> Thank you. Uh would you like to comment on another question just to keep on with
[01:09:24] on another question just to keep on with your Yeah. In the interest of time and
[01:09:26] your Yeah. In the interest of time and to keep on your participation going.
[01:09:29] to keep on your participation going. >> Yeah. Surely we would like you you
[01:09:31] >> Yeah. Surely we would like you you invite us and uh uh previously to go
[01:09:34] invite us and uh uh previously to go onto the uh how the uh uh countries
[01:09:37] onto the uh how the uh uh countries translates their NDC and naps and food
[01:09:40] translates their NDC and naps and food systems into investable programmatic uh
[01:09:44] systems into investable programmatic uh just transition and the pipeline of
[01:09:45] just transition and the pipeline of projects where I can uh uh give a short
[01:09:49] projects where I can uh uh give a short uh answer on this one. The NDCS and NAPS
[01:09:52] uh answer on this one. The NDCS and NAPS already provide a strong foundation for
[01:09:54] already provide a strong foundation for investment pipeline as they reflect
[01:09:57] investment pipeline as they reflect NDC's priorities in food system agree
[01:10:01] NDC's priorities in food system agree and fisheries and climate resilience. 27
[01:10:04] and fisheries and climate resilience. 27 LDC's have submitted their maps and many
[01:10:08] LDC's have submitted their maps and many are in the development. However, the uh
[01:10:11] are in the development. However, the uh the main gap remain translation from
[01:10:15] the main gap remain translation from planning to implementation due due to
[01:10:18] planning to implementation due due to financing and capacity constraints. To
[01:10:22] financing and capacity constraints. To move from plans to investment pipeline,
[01:10:25] move from plans to investment pipeline, there is a need to develop programmatic
[01:10:27] there is a need to develop programmatic and investment related projects align
[01:10:31] and investment related projects align align with NDC's NAPS and food system
[01:10:35] align with NDC's NAPS and food system strategies, strengthen technical
[01:10:37] strategies, strengthen technical assistance to to structure bankable
[01:10:40] assistance to to structure bankable project and agriculture fishing and
[01:10:43] project and agriculture fishing and ecosystem based adaptation. avoid
[01:10:46] ecosystem based adaptation. avoid creating additional reporting burdens
[01:10:50] creating additional reporting burdens and instead build on existing assessment
[01:10:53] and instead build on existing assessment and national planning frameworks. Key
[01:10:55] and national planning frameworks. Key enabling action including strengthen
[01:10:58] enabling action including strengthen national institution for project
[01:11:00] national institution for project preparation and delivery. enhancing
[01:11:03] preparation and delivery. enhancing access to climate finance facilities
[01:11:06] access to climate finance facilities such as GCF supporting readiness and
[01:11:09] such as GCF supporting readiness and pipeline development without additional
[01:11:12] pipeline development without additional uh um administrative burdens. Investment
[01:11:16] uh um administrative burdens. Investment pipelines must reflect the context
[01:11:19] pipelines must reflect the context specific realities of the LDC's
[01:11:22] specific realities of the LDC's including high dependence on agriculture
[01:11:25] including high dependence on agriculture and natural resources, widespread and
[01:11:29] and natural resources, widespread and formal employment and food system and
[01:11:33] formal employment and food system and limited access to infrastructure and
[01:11:35] limited access to infrastructure and technology. And I would add to this one
[01:11:38] technology. And I would add to this one the um the energy part and the the the
[01:11:44] the um the energy part and the the the energy access also can be uh leverage in
[01:11:48] energy access also can be uh leverage in the international cooperation. The
[01:11:51] the international cooperation. The artificial intelligence as well previous
[01:11:53] artificial intelligence as well previous speakers has touched upon the
[01:11:56] speakers has touched upon the technology. I see my brother sik there
[01:11:58] technology. I see my brother sik there who in his beautiful presentation was
[01:12:01] who in his beautiful presentation was mentioning how technology those also are
[01:12:04] mentioning how technology those also are part of the the the building blocks that
[01:12:08] part of the the the building blocks that we can leverage uh to for for technical
[01:12:11] we can leverage uh to for for technical uh financing and of course uh um IPR
[01:12:15] uh financing and of course uh um IPR issues and so on but a traditional
[01:12:17] issues and so on but a traditional knowledge I think uh we have in the
[01:12:20] knowledge I think uh we have in the unique point with a just transition
[01:12:22] unique point with a just transition mechanism that can support uh design
[01:12:25] mechanism that can support uh design better
[01:12:26] better uh not around the uh the people but with
[01:12:29] uh not around the uh the people but with the people and working the talk as we
[01:12:31] the people and working the talk as we said. So that's is from from our side at
[01:12:34] said. So that's is from from our side at the LDC. Thank you again for the
[01:12:36] the LDC. Thank you again for the opportunity madame moderator.
[01:12:38] opportunity madame moderator. >> Thank you. Thanks for your intervention
[01:12:40] >> Thank you. Thanks for your intervention and what I'm hearing is that uh the
[01:12:44] and what I'm hearing is that uh the translation between policy and
[01:12:46] translation between policy and implementation
[01:12:47] implementation is still misses this uh support and
[01:12:51] is still misses this uh support and capacity building for institutions to
[01:12:53] capacity building for institutions to create investable projects. And of
[01:12:57] create investable projects. And of course now with all the characteristics
[01:12:59] course now with all the characteristics of investable projects, we also need to
[01:13:01] of investable projects, we also need to consider uh just transition principles
[01:13:04] consider uh just transition principles within those projects to make sure that
[01:13:06] within those projects to make sure that they have um just transition
[01:13:11] they have um just transition uh components and they looked into for
[01:13:13] uh components and they looked into for example the workforce decent employment
[01:13:17] example the workforce decent employment uh and all the characteristics of a just
[01:13:20] uh and all the characteristics of a just transition. So I believe we have one
[01:13:23] transition. So I believe we have one more person online who would like to
[01:13:26] more person online who would like to participate and I believe there's
[01:13:27] participate and I believe there's someone in the room. Argentina, would
[01:13:30] someone in the room. Argentina, would you like to
[01:13:33] >> Thank you.
[01:13:45] Thank you. Thank you madame facilitator
[01:13:49] Thank you. Thank you madame facilitator and once again thank you to the republic
[01:13:52] and once again thank you to the republic of Korea and organizers
[01:13:54] of Korea and organizers for this important exchange.
[01:13:58] for this important exchange. I will try to answer all three question
[01:14:01] I will try to answer all three question in in a single response
[01:14:04] in in a single response from Argentina perspective. Financing
[01:14:07] from Argentina perspective. Financing approaches to support just transition in
[01:14:10] approaches to support just transition in food system should focus on
[01:14:11] food system should focus on strengthening the means of limit
[01:14:13] strengthening the means of limit implementation
[01:14:15] implementation in particular through predictable
[01:14:17] in particular through predictable accessible finance technology transfers
[01:14:20] accessible finance technology transfers and capacity building.
[01:14:22] and capacity building. International cooperation can play a key
[01:14:25] International cooperation can play a key role when it helps countries address
[01:14:28] role when it helps countries address structural challenges and support
[01:14:30] structural challenges and support productive sectors such as agriculture
[01:14:33] productive sectors such as agriculture fisheries which are and fisheries sorry
[01:14:36] fisheries which are and fisheries sorry which are essential for livelihoods and
[01:14:39] which are essential for livelihoods and food security.
[01:14:41] food security. In this context, it is important that
[01:14:43] In this context, it is important that financing is aligned with development
[01:14:46] financing is aligned with development needs and enables countries to implement
[01:14:49] needs and enables countries to implement their nationally determined pathways in
[01:14:52] their nationally determined pathways in a gradual and sustainable manner.
[01:14:55] a gradual and sustainable manner. At the same time, we would like to
[01:14:57] At the same time, we would like to underline that Argentina's agriculture
[01:14:59] underline that Argentina's agriculture production is already based on reli
[01:15:01] production is already based on reli reliability, sustainable practices and
[01:15:04] reliability, sustainable practices and can be part of the solution through
[01:15:06] can be part of the solution through continue innovation, efficiency
[01:15:08] continue innovation, efficiency improvements and and responsible
[01:15:11] improvements and and responsible resource management.
[01:15:14] resource management. In the fisheries sector, we also see
[01:15:16] In the fisheries sector, we also see value in strengthening international
[01:15:19] value in strengthening international cooperation to promote sustainable
[01:15:20] cooperation to promote sustainable practices and to combat illegal and
[01:15:23] practices and to combat illegal and reported and unregulated fishing,
[01:15:26] reported and unregulated fishing, including through the effective
[01:15:27] including through the effective implementation of relevant international
[01:15:30] implementation of relevant international instruments.
[01:15:31] instruments. In this regard, we call on those WBTO
[01:15:34] In this regard, we call on those WBTO members that have not yet done so to
[01:15:37] members that have not yet done so to consider sending the WBTO agreement on
[01:15:41] consider sending the WBTO agreement on fisheries of cities and to advance its
[01:15:44] fisheries of cities and to advance its prompt and effective implementation as
[01:15:46] prompt and effective implementation as an important contribution to preserving
[01:15:48] an important contribution to preserving marine resources, strengthening
[01:15:50] marine resources, strengthening sustainability and addressing trade
[01:15:53] sustainability and addressing trade distorting that contributes subsidies
[01:15:56] distorting that contributes subsidies sorry to contribute
[01:15:58] sorry to contribute to unsustainable fishing practices.
[01:16:02] to unsustainable fishing practices. Moreover, it is equally important to
[01:16:04] Moreover, it is equally important to ensure that trade policy measures for
[01:16:06] ensure that trade policy measures for environmental purposes do not constitute
[01:16:09] environmental purposes do not constitute a means of arbitrary
[01:16:12] a means of arbitrary and justifying
[01:16:14] and justifying discrimination or a disguise restriction
[01:16:17] discrimination or a disguise restriction on international trade. In line with
[01:16:20] on international trade. In line with principle 12 of the real declaration on
[01:16:23] principle 12 of the real declaration on environment and development,
[01:16:26] environment and development, such measures must remain consistent
[01:16:28] such measures must remain consistent with multiological trade rules under the
[01:16:31] with multiological trade rules under the WBTO and avoid generating distortions
[01:16:34] WBTO and avoid generating distortions that could affect competi
[01:16:36] that could affect competi competitiveness and market access.
[01:16:40] competitiveness and market access. In this regard, advancing just
[01:16:42] In this regard, advancing just transition requires cooperative,
[01:16:44] transition requires cooperative, transparent, and nonprescriptive
[01:16:45] transparent, and nonprescriptive approaches where financial flows and
[01:16:48] approaches where financial flows and partnerships effectively support
[01:16:50] partnerships effectively support implementation on the ground.
[01:16:53] implementation on the ground. We therefore see value in strengthening
[01:16:55] We therefore see value in strengthening international cooperation frameworks
[01:16:57] international cooperation frameworks that enhance access to means of
[01:17:00] that enhance access to means of implementation while fully taking into
[01:17:02] implementation while fully taking into account development priorities, food
[01:17:04] account development priorities, food security, and the need to preserve open
[01:17:07] security, and the need to preserve open and fair trade. Thank you very much.
[01:17:11] and fair trade. Thank you very much. >> Thank you. And yeah, let's go to our
[01:17:15] >> Thank you. And yeah, let's go to our speaker online from C40. Marta Stencil,
[01:17:19] speaker online from C40. Marta Stencil, can you hear us?
[01:17:22] can you hear us? >> Yes, I can hear you. Okay. Um, good
[01:17:24] >> Yes, I can hear you. Okay. Um, good morning everyone. My name is Mar. I'm
[01:17:26] morning everyone. My name is Mar. I'm from C40 cities, the local government uh
[01:17:29] from C40 cities, the local government uh constituency. I'll be very brief in the
[01:17:32] constituency. I'll be very brief in the interest of time but I just wanted to
[01:17:34] interest of time but I just wanted to ground perhaps the intervention mostly
[01:17:36] ground perhaps the intervention mostly focus on finance in one very critical
[01:17:38] focus on finance in one very critical statistics and that is that 76%
[01:17:42] statistics and that is that 76% of people globally who face hunger or
[01:17:45] of people globally who face hunger or food insecurity are located in urban and
[01:17:48] food insecurity are located in urban and per urban areas and as noted yesterday
[01:17:51] per urban areas and as noted yesterday many cities and other subnational
[01:17:53] many cities and other subnational governments are using the powers to
[01:17:55] governments are using the powers to provide access to nutritious food for
[01:17:58] provide access to nutritious food for instance through school meals program or
[01:18:01] instance through school meals program or engage with local communities to ensure
[01:18:03] engage with local communities to ensure that food strategies are embedded in the
[01:18:05] that food strategies are embedded in the local needs. And this is what really
[01:18:07] local needs. And this is what really makes them an important partner for
[01:18:10] makes them an important partner for national governments to embed a whole of
[01:18:12] national governments to embed a whole of society approach and make sure that
[01:18:15] society approach and make sure that these solutions are localized. However,
[01:18:17] these solutions are localized. However, as as previously noted in other just
[01:18:20] as as previously noted in other just transition work program dialogues,
[01:18:21] transition work program dialogues, subnational governments often lack
[01:18:24] subnational governments often lack adequate resources and mandates.
[01:18:27] adequate resources and mandates. um C40 research showed that out of 63
[01:18:31] um C40 research showed that out of 63 global um climate funds and finance
[01:18:35] global um climate funds and finance sources only 16 of them address just
[01:18:38] sources only 16 of them address just transition and only three of them
[01:18:40] transition and only three of them provide finance to local governments.
[01:18:42] provide finance to local governments. This of course highlights a very
[01:18:44] This of course highlights a very critical um need to a localize just
[01:18:48] critical um need to a localize just transition finance to ensure that the
[01:18:50] transition finance to ensure that the solutions are responsive to the needs of
[01:18:52] solutions are responsive to the needs of local communities and and workers. And
[01:18:55] local communities and and workers. And number two um echoing intervention of of
[01:18:58] number two um echoing intervention of of colleague from Burkinaaso is to ensure
[01:19:01] colleague from Burkinaaso is to ensure that uh just transition principles are
[01:19:03] that uh just transition principles are embedded in financial frameworks and
[01:19:05] embedded in financial frameworks and mechanism and number three and that is
[01:19:08] mechanism and number three and that is to um strengthen a whole of government
[01:19:11] to um strengthen a whole of government approach to uh advancing just transition
[01:19:14] approach to uh advancing just transition including in food systems. Thank you
[01:19:16] including in food systems. Thank you very much and lovely to see some
[01:19:18] very much and lovely to see some familiar faces on the ground. Have a
[01:19:20] familiar faces on the ground. Have a great discussion.
[01:19:22] great discussion. >> Thank you. Uh that was a a nice um
[01:19:26] >> Thank you. Uh that was a a nice um participation. So we hear some good
[01:19:28] participation. So we hear some good topics on the need for local finance and
[01:19:33] topics on the need for local finance and I would like to give the word to Egypt.
[01:19:47] Well, uh thank you very much and um I
[01:19:50] Well, uh thank you very much and um I would like to share some of the
[01:19:52] would like to share some of the experiences that uh Egypt uh u did
[01:19:57] experiences that uh Egypt uh u did pursue while looking into the uh just
[01:19:59] pursue while looking into the uh just transition for uh adaptation and food uh
[01:20:04] transition for uh adaptation and food uh systems. And when we talk about just
[01:20:07] systems. And when we talk about just transition, we're really uh talking
[01:20:09] transition, we're really uh talking about a country's ability to turn high
[01:20:12] about a country's ability to turn high level climate and development
[01:20:13] level climate and development commitments
[01:20:15] commitments uh into real investments that improve
[01:20:17] uh into real investments that improve people's lives. Uh many countries
[01:20:20] people's lives. Uh many countries struggle to translate NDC's NAPs and
[01:20:23] struggle to translate NDC's NAPs and food system strategies into investable
[01:20:25] food system strategies into investable programmatic pipelines. In Egypt, we
[01:20:28] programmatic pipelines. In Egypt, we launched during uh COP 27 a national
[01:20:32] launched during uh COP 27 a national platform that links the nexus between
[01:20:34] platform that links the nexus between water, food and energy under the name
[01:20:37] water, food and energy under the name Nafi.
[01:20:39] Nafi. Uh the Nwafi uh platform takes the
[01:20:42] Uh the Nwafi uh platform takes the priorities laid out in Egypt's NDC's and
[01:20:45] priorities laid out in Egypt's NDC's and national adaptation plan especially
[01:20:47] national adaptation plan especially around water uh food and energy and
[01:20:50] around water uh food and energy and bundles them into a coherent
[01:20:53] bundles them into a coherent uh technical interventions. It embeds
[01:20:56] uh technical interventions. It embeds social protection, job creation, and
[01:20:58] social protection, job creation, and community resilience into every program,
[01:21:01] community resilience into every program, making the transition not only bankable,
[01:21:03] making the transition not only bankable, but genuinely just. Uh, Nwafi
[01:21:06] but genuinely just. Uh, Nwafi demonstrates that when countries lead
[01:21:09] demonstrates that when countries lead with integrated planning, clear
[01:21:10] with integrated planning, clear investment packages and a commitment to
[01:21:13] investment packages and a commitment to equity, they can mobilize sustained,
[01:21:15] equity, they can mobilize sustained, scaled up finance while ensuring that
[01:21:18] scaled up finance while ensuring that farmers, workers, and vulnerable
[01:21:20] farmers, workers, and vulnerable communities are at the center of the
[01:21:22] communities are at the center of the transition. How noi reflects food system
[01:21:26] transition. How noi reflects food system transformation specifically uh food is
[01:21:29] transformation specifically uh food is food is embedded in the water uh food
[01:21:31] food is embedded in the water uh food energy nexus. uh the the the challenges
[01:21:35] energy nexus. uh the the the challenges that uh the um food system in Egypt
[01:21:38] that uh the um food system in Egypt faced faces usually is the water
[01:21:40] faced faces usually is the water scarcity, climate sensitive crops, the
[01:21:43] scarcity, climate sensitive crops, the rural uh livelihoods and address through
[01:21:47] rural uh livelihoods and address through integrated projects that combine um
[01:21:50] integrated projects that combine um irrigation modernization,
[01:21:53] irrigation modernization, resilient agriculture,
[01:21:55] resilient agriculture, water efficiency, renewable energy and
[01:21:58] water efficiency, renewable energy and food production. This mirror's global
[01:22:01] food production. This mirror's global guidance on integrating food systems
[01:22:02] guidance on integrating food systems into NDC's NAPS implementation.
[01:22:06] into NDC's NAPS implementation. Also, the adaptation and resilience are
[01:22:09] Also, the adaptation and resilience are central to this platform. the the
[01:22:12] central to this platform. the the projects directly uh related to it
[01:22:15] projects directly uh related to it targets adaptation needs identified in
[01:22:18] targets adaptation needs identified in Egypt's NAPS and NDC's
[01:22:20] Egypt's NAPS and NDC's uh similar to protecting farmers from
[01:22:24] uh similar to protecting farmers from climate shocks improving water
[01:22:26] climate shocks improving water availability strengthening ruler
[01:22:29] availability strengthening ruler resilience these are all packaged as
[01:22:32] resilience these are all packaged as investable programs rather than policy
[01:22:34] investable programs rather than policy statements the just transition elements
[01:22:37] statements the just transition elements within the the platform emphasizes on
[01:22:40] within the the platform emphasizes on the job creation, inclusive rural
[01:22:44] the job creation, inclusive rural development, protecting vulnerable
[01:22:46] development, protecting vulnerable communities and this all aligns with the
[01:22:48] communities and this all aligns with the just transition framing increasing uh
[01:22:51] just transition framing increasing uh increasingly required by climate finance
[01:22:53] increasingly required by climate finance institutions.
[01:22:56] institutions. So
[01:22:58] So uh how Nafi translates uh its strategies
[01:23:01] uh how Nafi translates uh its strategies into investable pipelines by
[01:23:05] into investable pipelines by it was explicitly developed from Egypt's
[01:23:08] it was explicitly developed from Egypt's updated NDCs and its uh 2050 climate
[01:23:12] updated NDCs and its uh 2050 climate strategy. These strategies define the
[01:23:14] strategy. These strategies define the country's uh mitigation and adaptation
[01:23:17] country's uh mitigation and adaptation priorities and NUAFI extracts uh
[01:23:20] priorities and NUAFI extracts uh specific implementable projects from
[01:23:23] specific implementable projects from them especially in water, foods and
[01:23:26] them especially in water, foods and energy. This is exactly the translation
[01:23:28] energy. This is exactly the translation step many countries struggle with while
[01:23:31] step many countries struggle with while moving from policy to bankable products.
[01:23:34] moving from policy to bankable products. also by bundling priority projects into
[01:23:37] also by bundling priority projects into coherent and cross sector programs
[01:23:40] coherent and cross sector programs rather than isolated projects. Noi
[01:23:43] rather than isolated projects. Noi groups nine priority projects across
[01:23:45] groups nine priority projects across water, food and energy into a single
[01:23:48] water, food and energy into a single integrated platform. This bundling
[01:23:50] integrated platform. This bundling reflects the NIX's approach and creates
[01:23:52] reflects the NIX's approach and creates programmatic investment pipelines that
[01:23:56] programmatic investment pipelines that financers prefer because they show
[01:23:59] financers prefer because they show scale, coherence, and long-term impact.
[01:24:02] scale, coherence, and long-term impact. also designing for the um the the
[01:24:06] also designing for the um the the platform was designed for blended and
[01:24:08] platform was designed for blended and innovative finance. Uh it was
[01:24:10] innovative finance. Uh it was intentionally structured to attract
[01:24:12] intentionally structured to attract concessional loans, blended finance,
[01:24:15] concessional loans, blended finance, private investment, debt swaps.
[01:24:19] private investment, debt swaps. Uh also creating a country-owned
[01:24:21] Uh also creating a country-owned platform that coordinates all partners.
[01:24:24] platform that coordinates all partners. Nwafi uh embodies the country platform
[01:24:27] Nwafi uh embodies the country platform model uh based on government being
[01:24:29] model uh based on government being government-ledd uh with multistake uh
[01:24:33] government-ledd uh with multistake uh holder participation and also aligning
[01:24:35] holder participation and also aligning all development partners behind national
[01:24:38] all development partners behind national priorities. This coordination is what
[01:24:40] priorities. This coordination is what turned the scatter donor projects into a
[01:24:43] turned the scatter donor projects into a single investable pipelines aligned with
[01:24:46] single investable pipelines aligned with NDC's NAP's uh goals. how international
[01:24:50] NDC's NAP's uh goals. how international cooperation and climate finance can
[01:24:52] cooperation and climate finance can better support just transition and with
[01:24:55] better support just transition and with the lessons that we learned from Nwafi.
[01:24:57] the lessons that we learned from Nwafi. International cooperation and climate
[01:24:59] International cooperation and climate finance uh can play a transformative
[01:25:02] finance uh can play a transformative role in supporting just transitions when
[01:25:04] role in supporting just transitions when they help countries move from fragmented
[01:25:07] they help countries move from fragmented projects into integrated investable
[01:25:09] projects into integrated investable pathways that reflect the real
[01:25:11] pathways that reflect the real interlinkages between climate action,
[01:25:14] interlinkages between climate action, food security and ecosystem health. What
[01:25:16] food security and ecosystem health. What countries need most is is support to
[01:25:19] countries need most is is support to translate their NDC's, NAPs, and food
[01:25:22] translate their NDC's, NAPs, and food system strategies into coherent
[01:25:24] system strategies into coherent long-term investment programs that blend
[01:25:26] long-term investment programs that blend public and and private finance while
[01:25:29] public and and private finance while ensuring that risks benefits are shared
[01:25:32] ensuring that risks benefits are shared fairly. Egypt's MafI platform shows that
[01:25:35] fairly. Egypt's MafI platform shows that this looks like in practice development
[01:25:38] this looks like in practice development uh partners aligned behind a country-led
[01:25:41] uh partners aligned behind a country-led vision with concessional finance used
[01:25:43] vision with concessional finance used strategically to derisk investments in
[01:25:46] strategically to derisk investments in water, food and energy. I will stop
[01:25:49] water, food and energy. I will stop here. Thank you.
[01:25:50] here. Thank you. >> Thank you. Uh Belgium, could you like to
[01:25:53] >> Thank you. Uh Belgium, could you like to come in?
[01:26:03] Thank you. So
[01:26:06] Thank you. So um Belgium is is a member state of the
[01:26:09] um Belgium is is a member state of the EU. So talking also about EU experience
[01:26:12] EU. So talking also about EU experience here. Um
[01:26:16] here. Um I will first um maybe repeat what what
[01:26:20] I will first um maybe repeat what what you said before a bit so that yes so a
[01:26:25] you said before a bit so that yes so a recent analysis from FAO um showed that
[01:26:28] recent analysis from FAO um showed that despite the the significant contribution
[01:26:30] despite the the significant contribution of agri food systems to to global
[01:26:32] of agri food systems to to global greenhouse gas emissions uh current NDCs
[01:26:35] greenhouse gas emissions uh current NDCs presents a mitigation action gap that is
[01:26:38] presents a mitigation action gap that is equivalent to 60% of agri food system
[01:26:42] equivalent to 60% of agri food system emissions or um expressed differently
[01:26:45] emissions or um expressed differently 20% of of global greenhouse gas
[01:26:47] 20% of of global greenhouse gas emissions and this indicates that there
[01:26:49] emissions and this indicates that there is an opportunity to double mitigation
[01:26:51] is an opportunity to double mitigation ambition in agri food systems in in uh
[01:26:55] ambition in agri food systems in in uh next rounds of NDCS and the inclusion of
[01:26:58] next rounds of NDCS and the inclusion of these issues uh in parties and will
[01:27:01] these issues uh in parties and will facilitate their financing through
[01:27:03] facilitate their financing through existing uh streams of finance as
[01:27:05] existing uh streams of finance as interlin matters to mitigation and
[01:27:08] interlin matters to mitigation and adaptation actions.
[01:27:10] adaptation actions. Um and so we have also seen examples
[01:27:13] Um and so we have also seen examples today uh provided by the Asian
[01:27:16] today uh provided by the Asian Development Bank um which uh yeah
[01:27:19] Development Bank um which uh yeah provided very good and practical
[01:27:21] provided very good and practical insights into climate finance as an
[01:27:24] insights into climate finance as an enabler for for just transition pathways
[01:27:26] enabler for for just transition pathways to to food security and the presentation
[01:27:29] to to food security and the presentation help us uh to to understand key barriers
[01:27:31] help us uh to to understand key barriers and enablers um to the access of
[01:27:34] and enablers um to the access of available uh finance. A key barrier is
[01:27:37] available uh finance. A key barrier is the thinking of just transition in silo
[01:27:40] the thinking of just transition in silo which makes projects hard to invest and
[01:27:42] which makes projects hard to invest and to implement. Instead the solution is to
[01:27:45] to implement. Instead the solution is to integrate the just transition into the
[01:27:47] integrate the just transition into the planning from the beginning and to use
[01:27:49] planning from the beginning and to use the already available resources in an
[01:27:52] the already available resources in an efficient way thinking just transition
[01:27:54] efficient way thinking just transition as a key part of of project uh of
[01:27:58] as a key part of of project uh of projects addressing climate change. Um
[01:28:01] projects addressing climate change. Um and this was well illustrated by by the
[01:28:03] and this was well illustrated by by the project presented uh uh today uh
[01:28:06] project presented uh uh today uh combining emission reductions, access to
[01:28:08] combining emission reductions, access to technologies, enabling uh of workers and
[01:28:11] technologies, enabling uh of workers and and gender responsiveness.
[01:28:14] and gender responsiveness. Um it is this type of solution that we
[01:28:17] Um it is this type of solution that we should um together enable here using
[01:28:19] should um together enable here using available resources such as funding
[01:28:22] available resources such as funding under the MDBs and and practically
[01:28:24] under the MDBs and and practically integrated just transition
[01:28:26] integrated just transition considerations uh there. Um then another
[01:28:30] considerations uh there. Um then another uh important source of finance is
[01:28:33] uh important source of finance is phasing out fossil fuel subsidies that
[01:28:35] phasing out fossil fuel subsidies that do not address energy poverty or just
[01:28:37] do not address energy poverty or just transition as soon as possible. This is
[01:28:39] transition as soon as possible. This is an important enabling uh condition to
[01:28:42] an important enabling uh condition to reach a just and inclusive uh transition
[01:28:44] reach a just and inclusive uh transition to net zero and climate uh resilient
[01:28:47] to net zero and climate uh resilient societies that limits global warming to
[01:28:49] societies that limits global warming to 1.5 degrees. This really frees up fiscal
[01:28:52] 1.5 degrees. This really frees up fiscal space uh generating new public revenues
[01:28:55] space uh generating new public revenues that can be directed to targeted
[01:28:57] that can be directed to targeted socially just and inclusive climate
[01:28:59] socially just and inclusive climate actions uh including for sustainable
[01:29:02] actions uh including for sustainable food systems that enhance food security.
[01:29:06] food systems that enhance food security. Moreover, uh domestic carbon pricing
[01:29:08] Moreover, uh domestic carbon pricing schemes are among the most efficient and
[01:29:10] schemes are among the most efficient and cost-effective element of the climate
[01:29:12] cost-effective element of the climate finance toolkit providing a channel to
[01:29:15] finance toolkit providing a channel to redirect funds to finance the
[01:29:17] redirect funds to finance the transition. they generate revenue to
[01:29:19] transition. they generate revenue to fund sustainable food systems as well.
[01:29:22] fund sustainable food systems as well. Uh and the EU um if we talk here about
[01:29:25] Uh and the EU um if we talk here about international cooperation, the EU is
[01:29:27] international cooperation, the EU is collaborating closely with uh
[01:29:28] collaborating closely with uh international partners on on carbon
[01:29:30] international partners on on carbon pricing schemes. Um moreover um more
[01:29:34] pricing schemes. Um moreover um more specifically the these carbon pricing
[01:29:36] specifically the these carbon pricing schemes um and the revenues uh in the EU
[01:29:40] schemes um and the revenues uh in the EU uh we have the emission trading systems
[01:29:42] uh we have the emission trading systems and this contribute to alleviate the
[01:29:44] and this contribute to alleviate the social and economic impacts of the
[01:29:45] social and economic impacts of the transition uh using the the revenue from
[01:29:49] transition uh using the the revenue from the emission trading systems um and
[01:29:52] the emission trading systems um and providing dedicated funding to the most
[01:29:54] providing dedicated funding to the most uh affected vulnerable groups. There are
[01:29:57] uh affected vulnerable groups. There are other options uh that include blended
[01:29:59] other options uh that include blended finance approaches and the risking
[01:30:01] finance approaches and the risking instruments um that can that can also uh
[01:30:05] instruments um that can that can also uh provide funding for the transition in in
[01:30:07] provide funding for the transition in in food systems. Um yeah and maybe I would
[01:30:12] food systems. Um yeah and maybe I would also uh finish to with with an example
[01:30:15] also uh finish to with with an example from from what the the EU is doing in
[01:30:17] from from what the the EU is doing in terms of international cooperation in in
[01:30:19] terms of international cooperation in in investments in in partner countries. Um
[01:30:22] investments in in partner countries. Um it's on the global gateway which is the
[01:30:25] it's on the global gateway which is the EU's investment uh strategy
[01:30:28] EU's investment uh strategy uh that that aims at closing global
[01:30:30] uh that that aims at closing global infrastructure and and investment gaps.
[01:30:34] infrastructure and and investment gaps. Um and um the the idea it contributes uh
[01:30:38] Um and um the the idea it contributes uh by mobilizing large scale uh long-term
[01:30:41] by mobilizing large scale uh long-term investment focusing on on productive
[01:30:43] investment focusing on on productive capacities and and value chains and
[01:30:45] capacities and and value chains and applying high environmental labor and
[01:30:47] applying high environmental labor and human standards across across value
[01:30:49] human standards across across value chains in which it invests. Um and um
[01:30:53] chains in which it invests. Um and um concretely in terms of agri food actions
[01:30:56] concretely in terms of agri food actions uh sustainable agri food systems um the
[01:31:00] uh sustainable agri food systems um the projects include um sustainable and and
[01:31:02] projects include um sustainable and and and climate resilient food production uh
[01:31:06] and climate resilient food production uh including agroecology circular economy
[01:31:09] including agroecology circular economy approaches and and there are several FAO
[01:31:11] approaches and and there are several FAO EU global gateway projects on on on
[01:31:14] EU global gateway projects on on on these uh topics. Uh it also um invest in
[01:31:18] these uh topics. Uh it also um invest in resilience value chains include
[01:31:20] resilience value chains include including storage, transport and and
[01:31:22] including storage, transport and and processing uh infrastructure. Um and it
[01:31:25] processing uh infrastructure. Um and it it provides uh through these investments
[01:31:28] it provides uh through these investments it provides uh decent jobs and income
[01:31:30] it provides uh decent jobs and income opportunities in farming, fisheries and
[01:31:32] opportunities in farming, fisheries and and food processing uh especially for
[01:31:35] and food processing uh especially for for women and youth. Thank you.
[01:31:39] for women and youth. Thank you. >> Thank you. Uh the United Kingdom
[01:31:49] Thank you very much uh facilitator.
[01:31:52] Thank you very much uh facilitator. Uh so uh recognizing the the
[01:31:56] Uh so uh recognizing the the interconnected nature of climate food
[01:31:59] interconnected nature of climate food systems and and ecosystem health
[01:32:01] systems and and ecosystem health considering the the approaches to
[01:32:03] considering the the approaches to building resilience and and reducing
[01:32:05] building resilience and and reducing emissions across all three is is the
[01:32:07] emissions across all three is is the most effective way to deliver a
[01:32:08] most effective way to deliver a sustainable and just transition. So
[01:32:11] sustainable and just transition. So agriculture and food systems are central
[01:32:13] agriculture and food systems are central to addressing the climate and nature
[01:32:16] to addressing the climate and nature crisis and globally food systems already
[01:32:18] crisis and globally food systems already account for for roughly onethird of
[01:32:20] account for for roughly onethird of global greenhouse gas emissions and are
[01:32:22] global greenhouse gas emissions and are projected to become the largest emitting
[01:32:25] projected to become the largest emitting sector by 2050.
[01:32:27] sector by 2050. At the same time, conventional farming
[01:32:29] At the same time, conventional farming practices threaten approximately 86% of
[01:32:31] practices threaten approximately 86% of species at risk of extinction and are
[01:32:34] species at risk of extinction and are major drivers of deforestation,
[01:32:36] major drivers of deforestation, biodiversity loss, freshwater
[01:32:38] biodiversity loss, freshwater degradation, and pollution.
[01:32:42] degradation, and pollution. So, globally, government spent over uh
[01:32:45] So, globally, government spent over uh 700 billion annually, 700 billion US
[01:32:48] 700 billion annually, 700 billion US dollars annually in public support to
[01:32:49] dollars annually in public support to agriculture. Yet agricultural subsidies
[01:32:52] agriculture. Yet agricultural subsidies often set perverse incentives for
[01:32:54] often set perverse incentives for farming practices that drive climate
[01:32:56] farming practices that drive climate change and environmental damage while
[01:33:00] change and environmental damage while less than 5% is tied to conservation and
[01:33:02] less than 5% is tied to conservation and other public goods. And and there's a
[01:33:04] other public goods. And and there's a link here as as my colleague from from
[01:33:06] link here as as my colleague from from Belgium raised in regard to phasing out
[01:33:08] Belgium raised in regard to phasing out existing fossil fuel subsidies that do
[01:33:10] existing fossil fuel subsidies that do not address energy poverty or just
[01:33:12] not address energy poverty or just transitions.
[01:33:14] transitions. So on on agricultural subsidies, the
[01:33:16] So on on agricultural subsidies, the World Bank f finds redirecting just 10%
[01:33:19] World Bank f finds redirecting just 10% of public agricultural support to more
[01:33:22] of public agricultural support to more sustainable agriculture could deliver
[01:33:24] sustainable agriculture could deliver net gains of 24 trillion in 2040 and
[01:33:28] net gains of 24 trillion in 2040 and improve emissions, biodiversity, and
[01:33:31] improve emissions, biodiversity, and diets. Repurposing support can also
[01:33:33] diets. Repurposing support can also strengthen long-term food system
[01:33:35] strengthen long-term food system resilience by rewarding practices that
[01:33:37] resilience by rewarding practices that sustain the ecosystems
[01:33:40] sustain the ecosystems um underpinning productivity and
[01:33:42] um underpinning productivity and stability. To give a few UK examples,
[01:33:45] stability. To give a few UK examples, the UK government through its ELM agree
[01:33:48] the UK government through its ELM agree environment schemes has phased out area
[01:33:51] environment schemes has phased out area based subsidies in England and replaced
[01:33:53] based subsidies in England and replaced them with payments for actions that
[01:33:55] them with payments for actions that protect and enhance our national
[01:33:57] protect and enhance our national environment, support the sustainable
[01:34:00] environment, support the sustainable production of food, and boost farm
[01:34:02] production of food, and boost farm productivity and resilience. 70% of land
[01:34:06] productivity and resilience. 70% of land in England is farmed. uh and the schemes
[01:34:09] in England is farmed. uh and the schemes are supporting our target to protect 30%
[01:34:12] are supporting our target to protect 30% of land by 2030.
[01:34:14] of land by 2030. Support for innovation, technology, and
[01:34:16] Support for innovation, technology, and R&D is also a key focus of domestic
[01:34:19] R&D is also a key focus of domestic agricultural reforms. We're supporting
[01:34:21] agricultural reforms. We're supporting farmer-alled innovation and
[01:34:23] farmer-alled innovation and improvements, productivity to maintain
[01:34:25] improvements, productivity to maintain food production and support businesses.
[01:34:28] food production and support businesses. And the the UK is also working
[01:34:30] And the the UK is also working internationally to enhance cooperation
[01:34:32] internationally to enhance cooperation and provide support. For example, the UK
[01:34:35] and provide support. For example, the UK funded 65 million just rural transition
[01:34:38] funded 65 million just rural transition support program supports public policy
[01:34:40] support program supports public policy and incentive reform to scale
[01:34:43] and incentive reform to scale sustainable agricultural approaches in
[01:34:45] sustainable agricultural approaches in Brazil, Indonesia and the Philippines.
[01:34:48] Brazil, Indonesia and the Philippines. Uh for example, 8 million has been
[01:34:50] Uh for example, 8 million has been provided to support Indonesia's
[01:34:52] provided to support Indonesia's repurposing agricultural support
[01:34:54] repurposing agricultural support project, which is piloting alternative
[01:34:57] project, which is piloting alternative delivery mechanisms uh alongside soil
[01:34:59] delivery mechanisms uh alongside soil health services supported by rigorous
[01:35:02] health services supported by rigorous impact evaluation to support long-term
[01:35:04] impact evaluation to support long-term repurposing
[01:35:05] repurposing of agricultural support. Uh and then
[01:35:08] of agricultural support. Uh and then finally, I also wanted to reflect on on
[01:35:10] finally, I also wanted to reflect on on points we heard earlier in the scene
[01:35:12] points we heard earlier in the scene setting presentations. uh our colleague
[01:35:14] setting presentations. uh our colleague from the ADB outlined the different ways
[01:35:16] from the ADB outlined the different ways in which financing of of just transition
[01:35:18] in which financing of of just transition action can be broken down whether that's
[01:35:20] action can be broken down whether that's adaptation action mitigation action and
[01:35:22] adaptation action mitigation action and and broader interventions and and
[01:35:24] and broader interventions and and financing that sits outside the realms
[01:35:26] financing that sits outside the realms of of climate finance and I think that's
[01:35:28] of of climate finance and I think that's that's an important reflection in the
[01:35:29] that's an important reflection in the context of the just transition work
[01:35:31] context of the just transition work program because just transition is such
[01:35:33] program because just transition is such a crosscutting issue and and many of the
[01:35:36] a crosscutting issue and and many of the interventions and policy actions needed
[01:35:38] interventions and policy actions needed sit within the realm of of of labor
[01:35:41] sit within the realm of of of labor policies like occupational health and
[01:35:42] policies like occupational health and and safy for example, uh which might be
[01:35:45] and safy for example, uh which might be outside the the kind of direct realms of
[01:35:47] outside the the kind of direct realms of the UNFC. And that's not to say that we
[01:35:49] the UNFC. And that's not to say that we shouldn't be discussing it here.
[01:35:51] shouldn't be discussing it here. Clearly, it's it's relevant and
[01:35:52] Clearly, it's it's relevant and important and and we've always been
[01:35:54] important and and we've always been supportive of kind of the linkages
[01:35:56] supportive of kind of the linkages across the UN system and and broader.
[01:35:58] across the UN system and and broader. But I guess a useful reminder of the
[01:36:00] But I guess a useful reminder of the framework we are focused on here under
[01:36:02] framework we are focused on here under the Paris agreement, which is about
[01:36:04] the Paris agreement, which is about accelerating action to 1.5 degrees. Uh
[01:36:07] accelerating action to 1.5 degrees. Uh and I'll stop there. Thank you.
[01:36:10] and I'll stop there. Thank you. >> Thank you. So we have five more minutes.
[01:36:13] >> Thank you. So we have five more minutes. So we will hear from the contributions
[01:36:15] So we will hear from the contributions from Kenya, South Africa and then Russia
[01:36:17] from Kenya, South Africa and then Russia and then we will need to close the
[01:36:26] sorry.
[01:36:31] >> Okay. So maybe we can stay longer
[01:36:34] >> Okay. So maybe we can stay longer because I see China would also like to
[01:36:36] because I see China would also like to provide some comments. So please Kenya
[01:36:39] provide some comments. So please Kenya you can start.
[01:36:40] you can start. >> Thank you so much uh and and thanks for
[01:36:42] >> Thank you so much uh and and thanks for the the excellent contributions from
[01:36:45] the the excellent contributions from colleagues who have already spoken on
[01:36:47] colleagues who have already spoken on this matter. Um I I think for us is
[01:36:52] this matter. Um I I think for us is maybe one step back and and
[01:36:56] maybe one step back and and one of the the well-ritten articles
[01:37:00] one of the the well-ritten articles think of the Paris agreement is is is
[01:37:03] think of the Paris agreement is is is article 2 especially article 21B
[01:37:07] article 2 especially article 21B um because it combines
[01:37:10] um because it combines the ability to adapt with climate
[01:37:12] the ability to adapt with climate resilience, low emissions um development
[01:37:17] resilience, low emissions um development and then finally
[01:37:19] and then finally reiterates a fundamental aspect of of of
[01:37:22] reiterates a fundamental aspect of of of of our livelihoods uh which is
[01:37:24] of our livelihoods uh which is safeguarding food production.
[01:37:26] safeguarding food production. For countries
[01:37:29] For countries like developing countries like Kenya,
[01:37:33] like developing countries like Kenya, the context is quite different. And I
[01:37:35] the context is quite different. And I think one of the ways in which we have
[01:37:36] think one of the ways in which we have to package our discussions in this room
[01:37:39] to package our discussions in this room is appreciating the different contexts
[01:37:41] is appreciating the different contexts and the different uh macroeconomic
[01:37:44] and the different uh macroeconomic considerations that our countries have
[01:37:46] considerations that our countries have to to deal with in the context of
[01:37:49] to to deal with in the context of addressing um the negative impacts of of
[01:37:52] addressing um the negative impacts of of of of climate change. Um for countries
[01:37:57] of of climate change. Um for countries like Kenya, I think the biggest
[01:37:59] like Kenya, I think the biggest consideration in forming public policy
[01:38:02] consideration in forming public policy is definitely the growth and development
[01:38:04] is definitely the growth and development of Kenyans and the Kenyan people and um
[01:38:08] of Kenyans and the Kenyan people and um the agree um the agri food systems play
[01:38:11] the agree um the agri food systems play a very key role uh because for for such
[01:38:14] a very key role uh because for for such countries
[01:38:16] countries uh the primary objective is is is
[01:38:19] uh the primary objective is is is efforts to eradicate poverty and and
[01:38:21] efforts to eradicate poverty and and unsustainable development. One of the
[01:38:24] unsustainable development. One of the underpinninging principles that that
[01:38:26] underpinninging principles that that that we deal with when developing our
[01:38:29] that we deal with when developing our maps and indices in the context of your
[01:38:31] maps and indices in the context of your third question is how can we mainstream
[01:38:34] third question is how can we mainstream that in the context of of the
[01:38:36] that in the context of of the development blueprint of of the country.
[01:38:40] development blueprint of of the country. The challenge we've had so far and and
[01:38:42] The challenge we've had so far and and and thanks that GGI is moderating this
[01:38:45] and thanks that GGI is moderating this as well is making sense of how to
[01:38:49] as well is making sense of how to integrate just transition costing in in
[01:38:52] integrate just transition costing in in in in the identified priority areas that
[01:38:55] in in the identified priority areas that are mapped in in in the different
[01:38:58] are mapped in in in the different climate plans that that we develop. If
[01:39:01] climate plans that that we develop. If you look at the needs determination of
[01:39:03] you look at the needs determination of needs report, you realize that you'd
[01:39:06] needs report, you realize that you'd struggle to see how just transition is
[01:39:10] struggle to see how just transition is costed because when you're costing a
[01:39:12] costed because when you're costing a measure, it it's important to go beyond
[01:39:15] measure, it it's important to go beyond the costing of the measure and at least
[01:39:17] the costing of the measure and at least cost the impact of that measure both
[01:39:20] cost the impact of that measure both downstream and upstream. Most developing
[01:39:23] downstream and upstream. Most developing countries are still struggling with the
[01:39:25] countries are still struggling with the fundamental
[01:39:27] fundamental aspects of costing the measure and which
[01:39:29] aspects of costing the measure and which methodologies
[01:39:31] methodologies um due also to the different variables
[01:39:34] um due also to the different variables informing macroeconomic modeling that
[01:39:36] informing macroeconomic modeling that are also dependent on so many things
[01:39:39] are also dependent on so many things including inflation and things that are
[01:39:41] including inflation and things that are happening way outside the country.
[01:39:45] happening way outside the country. I I think the the other thing that then
[01:39:49] I I think the the other thing that then once that is resolved then that brings
[01:39:51] once that is resolved then that brings you to um the development of of of
[01:39:56] you to um the development of of of investment plans and then takes you to
[01:39:58] investment plans and then takes you to what Egypt was highlighting uh
[01:40:01] what Egypt was highlighting uh translating that into bankable pipeline
[01:40:04] translating that into bankable pipeline projects that considers uh a 3D
[01:40:07] projects that considers uh a 3D perspective of of the different moving
[01:40:10] perspective of of the different moving parts of of of um a project including
[01:40:15] parts of of of um a project including specific actions that deal with just
[01:40:17] specific actions that deal with just transition. And I think uh while some
[01:40:22] transition. And I think uh while some countries are at this stage, a number of
[01:40:24] countries are at this stage, a number of countries um that are still emerging
[01:40:26] countries um that are still emerging developing countries as still lack
[01:40:29] developing countries as still lack capacity to to visualize programs and
[01:40:32] capacity to to visualize programs and projects in this manner and package them
[01:40:35] projects in this manner and package them in a way that can um attract uh um
[01:40:40] in a way that can um attract uh um investment at large scale especially
[01:40:42] investment at large scale especially from from international
[01:40:45] from from international um um sources. And then when it when
[01:40:48] um um sources. And then when it when when it comes to the upstream part and
[01:40:50] when it comes to the upstream part and and this is where now the processing
[01:40:53] and this is where now the processing beat and market uh interplay you still
[01:40:56] beat and market uh interplay you still have to also deal with issues of the
[01:40:58] have to also deal with issues of the unilateral measures that are now coming
[01:41:01] unilateral measures that are now coming up and some of the questions we're
[01:41:02] up and some of the questions we're getting
[01:41:04] getting um from this industries working in these
[01:41:07] um from this industries working in these areas is is how to u understand some of
[01:41:11] areas is is how to u understand some of these measures that that that influence
[01:41:14] these measures that that that influence markets and and affect
[01:41:16] markets and and affect um you know the profit margins and and
[01:41:19] um you know the profit margins and and and and could be between a company
[01:41:22] and and could be between a company closing and a company continuing running
[01:41:24] closing and a company continuing running in in in in the country. Um allow me to
[01:41:29] in in in in the country. Um allow me to also highlight that
[01:41:33] also highlight that the idea that resources are available uh
[01:41:37] the idea that resources are available uh is is also one that sometimes makes me
[01:41:42] is is also one that sometimes makes me um worried uh because if you look at for
[01:41:45] um worried uh because if you look at for example the reports that countries have
[01:41:47] example the reports that countries have submitted uh under the enhance
[01:41:49] submitted uh under the enhance transparency framework one of the
[01:41:51] transparency framework one of the biggest barriers that we are now dealing
[01:41:54] biggest barriers that we are now dealing with in the context of implementation of
[01:41:56] with in the context of implementation of anti NDCS is actually uh resource
[01:41:59] anti NDCS is actually uh resource availability for the conditional
[01:42:00] availability for the conditional components for NDCS.
[01:42:03] components for NDCS. um understanding that carbon finance is
[01:42:06] um understanding that carbon finance is not is not really a financial instrument
[01:42:09] not is not really a financial instrument but a mechanism of cooperation that
[01:42:12] but a mechanism of cooperation that could of course um be leveraged only to
[01:42:15] could of course um be leveraged only to the extent possible depending on how the
[01:42:17] the extent possible depending on how the NDCs are developed uh uh within within
[01:42:21] NDCs are developed uh uh within within countries and therefore
[01:42:24] countries and therefore this this these sectors um that that we
[01:42:28] this this these sectors um that that we here talking about are quite core and
[01:42:31] here talking about are quite core and how we package age. Uh the additional uh
[01:42:35] how we package age. Uh the additional uh the additionality of just transition
[01:42:37] the additionality of just transition pathways in the context of the
[01:42:39] pathways in the context of the agriculture
[01:42:41] agriculture uh sector would be quite key. uh from
[01:42:43] uh sector would be quite key. uh from from here to point us to the direction
[01:42:46] from here to point us to the direction that can facilitate um countries to to
[01:42:51] that can facilitate um countries to to be able to make sense of of of the
[01:42:54] be able to make sense of of of the discussion uh but also leverage the
[01:42:57] discussion uh but also leverage the additional resources that would be
[01:42:58] additional resources that would be required to deal with the impact of
[01:43:00] required to deal with the impact of response measures in the context of just
[01:43:02] response measures in the context of just transition in the food and catch
[01:43:05] transition in the food and catch systems. Thank you.
[01:43:07] systems. Thank you. >> Thank you. Uh just for reminding the
[01:43:11] >> Thank you. Uh just for reminding the order, South Africa, Russia, Saudi
[01:43:14] order, South Africa, Russia, Saudi Arabia,
[01:43:16] Arabia, China and Fiji. And we are over time so
[01:43:19] China and Fiji. And we are over time so please keep your interventions uh
[01:43:22] please keep your interventions uh concise and after Fiji it's uh closed so
[01:43:27] concise and after Fiji it's uh closed so no more flags raise. Thank you.
[01:43:37] Thank you. Um reflecting on the ADB
[01:43:41] Thank you. Um reflecting on the ADB presentation uh earlier which I thought
[01:43:43] presentation uh earlier which I thought was very useful. One of the uh takeaways
[01:43:47] was very useful. One of the uh takeaways that I think came through very clearly
[01:43:48] that I think came through very clearly is uh instead of focusing on just
[01:43:52] is uh instead of focusing on just transitions as an afterthought and
[01:43:54] transitions as an afterthought and financing just transition components of
[01:43:56] financing just transition components of projects to flip it around and finance
[01:44:00] projects to flip it around and finance focusing on financing just transitions
[01:44:02] focusing on financing just transitions as an enabler of ambitious climate
[01:44:05] as an enabler of ambitious climate action. And and I think that is useful
[01:44:09] action. And and I think that is useful for us in bringing us back to the scope
[01:44:11] for us in bringing us back to the scope of of what we are considering which is
[01:44:14] of of what we are considering which is this broader framing around whole of
[01:44:16] this broader framing around whole of economy, whole of society, just
[01:44:18] economy, whole of society, just transitions which obviously also
[01:44:20] transitions which obviously also includes uh food the food sector and and
[01:44:23] includes uh food the food sector and and and related sectors. Um but it's also
[01:44:27] and related sectors. Um but it's also inclusive of of this broader framing
[01:44:29] inclusive of of this broader framing around access to opportunities
[01:44:32] around access to opportunities which like the energy value chain there
[01:44:35] which like the energy value chain there there is both value at risk and value
[01:44:37] there is both value at risk and value potential associated with this
[01:44:39] potential associated with this transition and from a developing country
[01:44:41] transition and from a developing country perspective
[01:44:43] perspective uh and an African perspective a South
[01:44:45] uh and an African perspective a South African perspective being able to access
[01:44:47] African perspective being able to access that value uh access the economic
[01:44:49] that value uh access the economic opportunities linked to to the food
[01:44:52] opportunities linked to to the food system transition is a critical
[01:44:54] system transition is a critical component of what we should be looking
[01:44:56] component of what we should be looking at when we when we're talking about just
[01:44:57] at when we when we're talking about just transition finance. Um
[01:45:01] transition finance. Um but then the part of the challenge is
[01:45:04] but then the part of the challenge is that finance is often organized around
[01:45:06] that finance is often organized around bankability rather than developmental
[01:45:08] bankability rather than developmental impact and and this is particularly
[01:45:11] impact and and this is particularly problematic in in in food systems where
[01:45:14] problematic in in in food systems where many priority interventions such as
[01:45:15] many priority interventions such as smallh holder support, ecosystem
[01:45:17] smallh holder support, ecosystem restoration, resilience building, social
[01:45:20] restoration, resilience building, social protection and local but importantly
[01:45:23] protection and local but importantly local value chain development. They
[01:45:25] local value chain development. They generate high social and economic value
[01:45:27] generate high social and economic value but do not produce immediate or
[01:45:28] but do not produce immediate or predictable commercial returns. So a
[01:45:31] predictable commercial returns. So a regenerative finance approach is
[01:45:34] regenerative finance approach is something we would suggest provides an
[01:45:35] something we would suggest provides an alternative framing rather than focusing
[01:45:38] alternative framing rather than focusing on mobilizing capital. It emphasizes
[01:45:41] on mobilizing capital. It emphasizes aligning finance with developmental
[01:45:43] aligning finance with developmental outcomes including livelihoods,
[01:45:45] outcomes including livelihoods, resilience and equity. Reshaping risk
[01:45:47] resilience and equity. Reshaping risk allocation and time horizons
[01:45:49] allocation and time horizons particularly for vulnerable sectors.
[01:45:51] particularly for vulnerable sectors. integrating public, concessional, and
[01:45:54] integrating public, concessional, and private finance in ways that reflect
[01:45:56] private finance in ways that reflect real world transition needs, recognizing
[01:45:59] real world transition needs, recognizing value beyond profit, including
[01:46:00] value beyond profit, including ecological and social outcomes. So for
[01:46:04] ecological and social outcomes. So for this discussion, this implies that food
[01:46:06] this discussion, this implies that food system transitions cannot be financed
[01:46:08] system transitions cannot be financed through conventional approaches alone.
[01:46:10] through conventional approaches alone. Instead, there's a need to expand the
[01:46:12] Instead, there's a need to expand the policy and institutional discussion on
[01:46:14] policy and institutional discussion on means of implementation, including how
[01:46:16] means of implementation, including how finance itself must evolve to support
[01:46:18] finance itself must evolve to support whole of economy and whole of society.
[01:46:21] whole of economy and whole of society. trans just transitions and and here the
[01:46:24] trans just transitions and and here the the the just transition mechanism could
[01:46:26] the the just transition mechanism could play an important role in shaping
[01:46:27] play an important role in shaping guidance on how financial institutions
[01:46:30] guidance on how financial institutions integrate equity within this uh food
[01:46:33] integrate equity within this uh food system value chain uh supporting the
[01:46:36] system value chain uh supporting the development of investable
[01:46:37] development of investable non-traditional pipelines and helping
[01:46:40] non-traditional pipelines and helping connect countries to appropriate
[01:46:42] connect countries to appropriate financing approaches.
[01:46:44] financing approaches. >> Thank you.
[01:46:47] >> Thank you. Uh Russia
[01:47:03] Morning to everyone. Uh and to begin
[01:47:06] Morning to everyone. Uh and to begin with the international cooperation and
[01:47:09] with the international cooperation and access to climate finance is crucial to
[01:47:12] access to climate finance is crucial to implementing just transition pathways
[01:47:14] implementing just transition pathways that support food security. One of the
[01:47:17] that support food security. One of the key barriers to scale up finance for
[01:47:19] key barriers to scale up finance for climate action and food security is the
[01:47:22] climate action and food security is the inability of the current global
[01:47:24] inability of the current global financial system to cope with such
[01:47:26] financial system to cope with such global challenges. International
[01:47:28] global challenges. International partnerships play a significant role in
[01:47:30] partnerships play a significant role in increasing funds for climate action and
[01:47:32] increasing funds for climate action and sustainable development. In this
[01:47:34] sustainable development. In this context, we would like to highlight the
[01:47:36] context, we would like to highlight the role of the BRICS countries in promoting
[01:47:38] role of the BRICS countries in promoting international cooperation and access to
[01:47:41] international cooperation and access to climate finance. In 2025, the leaders
[01:47:44] climate finance. In 2025, the leaders framework declaration on climate finance
[01:47:47] framework declaration on climate finance was adopted to enhance cooperation of
[01:47:49] was adopted to enhance cooperation of the BRICS countries in this area.
[01:47:52] the BRICS countries in this area. Individually, Russia is also contributed
[01:47:54] Individually, Russia is also contributed to ensuring food security at the global
[01:47:57] to ensuring food security at the global level. I'd like to draw your attention
[01:47:59] level. I'd like to draw your attention to the fact that Russia has no financial
[01:48:02] to the fact that Russia has no financial obligations and uh we provide financial
[01:48:04] obligations and uh we provide financial support on a voluntary basis. uh for
[01:48:07] support on a voluntary basis. uh for example through the Russia UNDP uh Fowl
[01:48:11] example through the Russia UNDP uh Fowl and green climate fund at the beginning
[01:48:14] and green climate fund at the beginning of 2020s Russia provided to uh food and
[01:48:17] of 2020s Russia provided to uh food and agricultural organization over $50
[01:48:20] agricultural organization over $50 million in assessed and voluntary
[01:48:23] million in assessed and voluntary contributions. Being one of the world's
[01:48:25] contributions. Being one of the world's major food and fertilizers producers,
[01:48:28] major food and fertilizers producers, Russia makes a significant contribution
[01:48:30] Russia makes a significant contribution to eliminating hunger and ensuring food
[01:48:34] to eliminating hunger and ensuring food security in developing countries. The
[01:48:36] security in developing countries. The volume of export of food products and
[01:48:39] volume of export of food products and agricultural raw materials in 2024
[01:48:42] agricultural raw materials in 2024 exceeded uh 108 million tons amounting
[01:48:45] exceeded uh 108 million tons amounting to more than $524 million in value. At
[01:48:49] to more than $524 million in value. At the same time, unilateral climate
[01:48:52] the same time, unilateral climate related trade measures introduced by
[01:48:54] related trade measures introduced by some parties hinder the spirit of
[01:48:56] some parties hinder the spirit of international cooperation and undermine
[01:48:59] international cooperation and undermine countries ability to ensure food
[01:49:01] countries ability to ensure food security, forcing them to make a choice
[01:49:04] security, forcing them to make a choice between climate action and social
[01:49:06] between climate action and social economic development. And on behalf of
[01:49:09] economic development. And on behalf of the Russian Federation, I'd like to
[01:49:11] the Russian Federation, I'd like to stress that we strongly oppose such
[01:49:13] stress that we strongly oppose such policies and believe that they should be
[01:49:15] policies and believe that they should be avoided. To conclude, international
[01:49:17] avoided. To conclude, international cooperation must fully respect the
[01:49:19] cooperation must fully respect the principles of the convention and the
[01:49:21] principles of the convention and the architecture of the Paris agreement,
[01:49:24] architecture of the Paris agreement, including the principle of uh common but
[01:49:26] including the principle of uh common but uh different sorry uh including uh the
[01:49:29] uh different sorry uh including uh the CBDR principle and the need for climate
[01:49:32] CBDR principle and the need for climate action to reflect national
[01:49:34] action to reflect national circumstances. Uh thank you so much.
[01:49:37] circumstances. Uh thank you so much. >> Thank you. Uh Saudi Arabia.
[01:49:40] >> Thank you. Uh Saudi Arabia. >> Yeah, thank you. Thank you, madame
[01:49:42] >> Yeah, thank you. Thank you, madame facilitator. Um, I'd like to just make a
[01:49:45] facilitator. Um, I'd like to just make a quick remark. Uh, I think I've I've
[01:49:46] quick remark. Uh, I think I've I've heard uh the mentioning of uh fossil
[01:49:49] heard uh the mentioning of uh fossil fuel subsidies and uh uh about uh energy
[01:49:52] fuel subsidies and uh uh about uh energy poverty and and phasing out fossil
[01:49:55] poverty and and phasing out fossil fuels. I there this has nothing related
[01:49:57] fuels. I there this has nothing related to our questions. Our questions uh
[01:50:00] to our questions. Our questions uh clearly state how can international
[01:50:02] clearly state how can international cooperation
[01:50:03] cooperation um and access to climate finance better
[01:50:05] um and access to climate finance better support nationally determined just
[01:50:07] support nationally determined just transition pathways um including by
[01:50:10] transition pathways um including by looking at interlinkages between climate
[01:50:12] looking at interlinkages between climate food security and ecosystem health and
[01:50:14] food security and ecosystem health and approaches to address structural
[01:50:16] approaches to address structural challenges and risks and benefit
[01:50:17] challenges and risks and benefit sharing. So the that that was mentioned
[01:50:21] sharing. So the that that was mentioned has nothing to do what with what we are
[01:50:23] has nothing to do what with what we are discussing today and should not be
[01:50:24] discussing today and should not be reflected um as such that it's
[01:50:27] reflected um as such that it's unrelated. We we could talk about uh
[01:50:30] unrelated. We we could talk about uh anything that we want it's true each uh
[01:50:33] anything that we want it's true each uh delegate could say that but we have to
[01:50:36] delegate could say that but we have to stay in within our mandate and within
[01:50:38] stay in within our mandate and within our discussion uh and that what should
[01:50:41] our discussion uh and that what should be uh help us progress forward and take
[01:50:43] be uh help us progress forward and take our urgent climate action uh in in that
[01:50:46] our urgent climate action uh in in that manner. Uh I will be answering the three
[01:50:49] manner. Uh I will be answering the three questions uh very briefly uh given the
[01:50:52] questions uh very briefly uh given the time. Um I would I'll start off with the
[01:50:55] time. Um I would I'll start off with the first question. Supporting nationally
[01:50:57] first question. Supporting nationally determined just transition pathways
[01:50:59] determined just transition pathways entails financing the priorities of
[01:51:00] entails financing the priorities of developing countries as outlined in
[01:51:02] developing countries as outlined in their national plans. Financing food
[01:51:05] their national plans. Financing food security and and ecosystem health
[01:51:07] security and and ecosystem health projects are core activities that
[01:51:08] projects are core activities that support climate action in particular
[01:51:11] support climate action in particular adaptation action in developing
[01:51:13] adaptation action in developing countries. The IPCC's sixth assessment
[01:51:17] countries. The IPCC's sixth assessment report outlines that examples of
[01:51:20] report outlines that examples of effective adaptation options include um
[01:51:25] effective adaptation options include um c cultivor improvements onfarmm water
[01:51:28] c cultivor improvements onfarmm water management and uh and storage soil moist
[01:51:32] management and uh and storage soil moist moisture conservation irrigation
[01:51:35] moisture conservation irrigation afroforesty agroforesty community- based
[01:51:38] afroforesty agroforesty community- based adaptation farm and landscape level
[01:51:40] adaptation farm and landscape level diversification and agriculture
[01:51:43] diversification and agriculture sustainable land management approaches,
[01:51:45] sustainable land management approaches, the use of agricological
[01:51:48] the use of agricological principles and practices and other
[01:51:50] principles and practices and other approaches that work with natural
[01:51:52] approaches that work with natural processes. And this was in high
[01:51:54] processes. And this was in high confidence. This emphasizes that
[01:51:56] confidence. This emphasizes that financing food security and and
[01:51:58] financing food security and and ecosystem health projects in the context
[01:52:00] ecosystem health projects in the context of climate change and just transitions.
[01:52:04] of climate change and just transitions. And then um I'd like to also say that uh
[01:52:08] And then um I'd like to also say that uh the IPCC 6th assessment report also
[01:52:12] the IPCC 6th assessment report also outlines that effectiveness of
[01:52:14] outlines that effectiveness of adaptation in reducing climate risks uh
[01:52:17] adaptation in reducing climate risks uh and documented for specific contexts and
[01:52:19] and documented for specific contexts and regions. Uh it's necessary it's and the
[01:52:24] regions. Uh it's necessary it's and the catalytic impact is through enabling
[01:52:27] catalytic impact is through enabling mobilization of support from other
[01:52:29] mobilization of support from other channels. Uh necessary for enabling just
[01:52:32] channels. Uh necessary for enabling just transitions. However, we must recognize
[01:52:35] transitions. However, we must recognize that the provisional of concessional and
[01:52:38] that the provisional of concessional and grant support from developed countries
[01:52:42] grant support from developed countries is prerequisite to fostering greater
[01:52:44] is prerequisite to fostering greater support. This is even supported by
[01:52:46] support. This is even supported by article 9.4 of the Paris agreement which
[01:52:49] article 9.4 of the Paris agreement which outlines the need for public and
[01:52:51] outlines the need for public and grantbased resources.
[01:52:54] grantbased resources. International cooperation and support
[01:52:57] International cooperation and support should be provided in a manner that is
[01:52:59] should be provided in a manner that is consistent with the principle of country
[01:53:01] consistent with the principle of country ownership developing incountry maxim in
[01:53:04] ownership developing incountry maxim in country capabilities while maximizing
[01:53:06] country capabilities while maximizing value for developing countries. While
[01:53:08] value for developing countries. While we've heard about the mentions of ear
[01:53:11] we've heard about the mentions of ear marking the ear marking should not be
[01:53:13] marking the ear marking should not be coming in from outside top down. It
[01:53:16] coming in from outside top down. It should be consistent with the national
[01:53:17] should be consistent with the national plans.
[01:53:19] plans. Um there are challenges for accessing
[01:53:23] Um there are challenges for accessing climate financing for developing
[01:53:25] climate financing for developing countries as mentioned uh in the IPCC
[01:53:28] countries as mentioned uh in the IPCC sixth assessment report with very high
[01:53:30] sixth assessment report with very high confidence that improved availability of
[01:53:34] confidence that improved availability of an access to finance would enable
[01:53:36] an access to finance would enable accelerated climate action.
[01:53:39] accelerated climate action. Persistent barriers to accessing climate
[01:53:41] Persistent barriers to accessing climate finance include high cost of capital,
[01:53:43] finance include high cost of capital, co-inancing requirements, and burdensome
[01:53:47] co-inancing requirements, and burdensome application processes.
[01:53:51] We we would like to say that the idea of
[01:53:54] We we would like to say that the idea of addressing structural challenges and
[01:53:56] addressing structural challenges and risk and benefit sharing is inherently
[01:53:58] risk and benefit sharing is inherently flawed in regards to climate finance.
[01:54:01] flawed in regards to climate finance. The needs of developing countries should
[01:54:03] The needs of developing countries should not be treated as money-making machine.
[01:54:06] not be treated as money-making machine. Instead, developed countries must
[01:54:09] Instead, developed countries must fulfill their obligations due to the
[01:54:11] fulfill their obligations due to the historical responsibility and consistent
[01:54:14] historical responsibility and consistent in action.
[01:54:17] in action. I'll go to the second question.
[01:54:20] I'll go to the second question. The only financing approach that can
[01:54:23] The only financing approach that can accelerate nationally determined just
[01:54:25] accelerate nationally determined just transition would be grant-based climate
[01:54:27] transition would be grant-based climate finance from developed to developing
[01:54:29] finance from developed to developing countries. Noting that the Paris
[01:54:31] countries. Noting that the Paris agreement target above pre-industrial
[01:54:34] agreement target above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to incre uh
[01:54:38] levels and pursuing efforts to incre uh to limit the temperature increase to
[01:54:39] to limit the temperature increase to 1.5.
[01:54:41] 1.5. It is regrettable that developed
[01:54:43] It is regrettable that developed countries did not meet the financing
[01:54:45] countries did not meet the financing needed by developing countries for well
[01:54:48] needed by developing countries for well below two and yet we're saying to limit
[01:54:51] below two and yet we're saying to limit 1.5 but the Paris agreement says to
[01:54:54] 1.5 but the Paris agreement says to pursue to 1.5 and we're not even seeing
[01:54:57] pursue to 1.5 and we're not even seeing the um the Paris agreement finances for
[01:55:01] the um the Paris agreement finances for well below two. Developed countries must
[01:55:04] well below two. Developed countries must provide finance for developing countries
[01:55:07] provide finance for developing countries in line with their obligations under
[01:55:09] in line with their obligations under article 9 in the Paris agreement.
[01:55:12] article 9 in the Paris agreement. Financing for just transitions must be
[01:55:14] Financing for just transitions must be provided in line with the needs and
[01:55:16] provided in line with the needs and priorities of developing countries as
[01:55:17] priorities of developing countries as outlined in their NDC's and NAPs. Just
[01:55:20] outlined in their NDC's and NAPs. Just transitions financing cannot be dictated
[01:55:23] transitions financing cannot be dictated by global policies that prejudice
[01:55:26] by global policies that prejudice nationally determined policies. For too
[01:55:29] nationally determined policies. For too long, the global north has held the same
[01:55:31] long, the global north has held the same expectations on developing countries as
[01:55:34] expectations on developing countries as developed countries. Ignoring the
[01:55:36] developed countries. Ignoring the principles of equity, common but
[01:55:38] principles of equity, common but differentiated responsibility
[01:55:41] differentiated responsibility for transitions across the Madic area to
[01:55:43] for transitions across the Madic area to be just, the global north must only
[01:55:46] be just, the global north must only scale up uh finance to developing
[01:55:49] scale up uh finance to developing countries, but they must do so in line
[01:55:51] countries, but they must do so in line with the with the needs and priorities
[01:55:53] with the with the needs and priorities of developing countries.
[01:55:57] and then I will talk about some of the
[01:56:00] and then I will talk about some of the barriers that we see and some of the
[01:56:02] barriers that we see and some of the burdens that that are associated with
[01:56:05] burdens that that are associated with finance. We see the carbon b uh carbon
[01:56:09] finance. We see the carbon b uh carbon border adjustment mechanisms. These uh
[01:56:12] border adjustment mechanisms. These uh measures need to be ended because they
[01:56:15] measures need to be ended because they would reverse the flows and have
[01:56:18] would reverse the flows and have unjustifi unjustifiable
[01:56:21] unjustifi unjustifiable trade restrictions.
[01:56:23] trade restrictions. Carbon border adjustment mechanisms they
[01:56:25] Carbon border adjustment mechanisms they would own done by developed countries
[01:56:27] would own done by developed countries they would only reduce the global
[01:56:30] they would only reduce the global emissions by 0.1%.
[01:56:32] emissions by 0.1%. And the cost for developing countries is
[01:56:36] And the cost for developing countries is almost $6 billion
[01:56:38] almost $6 billion while developed countries are set to
[01:56:41] while developed countries are set to gain $3 billion.
[01:56:44] gain $3 billion. This is a reverse wealth transfer. This
[01:56:46] This is a reverse wealth transfer. This is not in line with the Paris agreement
[01:56:48] is not in line with the Paris agreement principles.
[01:56:50] principles. phasing out uh substantial climate
[01:56:53] phasing out uh substantial climate subsidy packages in developed countries.
[01:56:56] subsidy packages in developed countries. We have seen that the inflation
[01:56:58] We have seen that the inflation reduction act of the uh of the United
[01:57:01] reduction act of the uh of the United States has many domestic benefits.
[01:57:03] States has many domestic benefits. However, it is creating a global trade
[01:57:05] However, it is creating a global trade environment that is not fair especially
[01:57:07] environment that is not fair especially for developing countries. We saw that
[01:57:10] for developing countries. We saw that the IRA had total economic outputs for
[01:57:14] the IRA had total economic outputs for all sectors by 150 to $490 billion while
[01:57:18] all sectors by 150 to $490 billion while decreasing economic outputs
[01:57:21] decreasing economic outputs uh for all sectors in a large set of
[01:57:23] uh for all sectors in a large set of developing countries by 90 to $350
[01:57:25] developing countries by 90 to $350 billion. So this is another example of
[01:57:28] billion. So this is another example of these subsidies that are done by
[01:57:30] these subsidies that are done by developed countries that impact
[01:57:33] developed countries that impact developing countries.
[01:57:35] developing countries. So we need to re channel these reverse
[01:57:38] So we need to re channel these reverse flows from south to north back to
[01:57:40] flows from south to north back to developing countries through grant and
[01:57:43] developing countries through grant and highly concessional finance.
[01:57:47] And on the third question, how can
[01:57:50] And on the third question, how can countries translate NDC's and NAP's food
[01:57:53] countries translate NDC's and NAP's food system into investable pro uh
[01:57:55] system into investable pro uh programmatic pipelines that mobilize
[01:57:58] programmatic pipelines that mobilize sustained and scaled up finance? Each
[01:58:00] sustained and scaled up finance? Each country determines the way in which it
[01:58:03] country determines the way in which it chooses its translates its NDC, NAP and
[01:58:06] chooses its translates its NDC, NAP and food strategy systems in a matter
[01:58:08] food strategy systems in a matter tailored to its national context. The
[01:58:10] tailored to its national context. The IPCC outlines that effective policy
[01:58:13] IPCC outlines that effective policy packages would have to be would be
[01:58:15] packages would have to be would be comprehensive, consistent, balanced
[01:58:17] comprehensive, consistent, balanced across objectives and tailored to
[01:58:19] across objectives and tailored to national uh circumstances. This was with
[01:58:22] national uh circumstances. This was with high confidence.
[01:58:26] With that, I would like to I would like
[01:58:29] With that, I would like to I would like to end this saying that uh madame
[01:58:32] to end this saying that uh madame facilitator the the just transitions
[01:58:35] facilitator the the just transitions need to be as as mentioned before
[01:58:38] need to be as as mentioned before they're nationally determined pathways.
[01:58:40] they're nationally determined pathways. We cannot just try to impose top- down
[01:58:42] We cannot just try to impose top- down global policies and try to earmark only
[01:58:45] global policies and try to earmark only specific ones and try to impose a
[01:58:48] specific ones and try to impose a specific global pathway which does which
[01:58:51] specific global pathway which does which is not in line with the findings of the
[01:58:53] is not in line with the findings of the IPCC. it's not in line with the with the
[01:58:55] IPCC. it's not in line with the with the Paris agreement. Thank you madam
[01:58:57] Paris agreement. Thank you madam facilitator.
[01:58:59] facilitator. >> Thank you uh China and afterwards Fiji
[01:59:02] >> Thank you uh China and afterwards Fiji and then we will close.
[01:59:06] and then we will close. >> Thank you. Thank you madame chair. Um
[01:59:11] >> Thank you. Thank you madame chair. Um I I think this is a a very uh important
[01:59:14] I I think this is a a very uh important topic for for us and we know that before
[01:59:19] topic for for us and we know that before 2022
[01:59:20] 2022 that we have JTWP
[01:59:24] that we have JTWP uh which means uh the JT only uh uh
[01:59:30] uh which means uh the JT only uh uh focus on the study of um workers right
[01:59:35] focus on the study of um workers right uh something like uh workforce
[01:59:38] uh something like uh workforce and it's not expand expand into
[01:59:40] and it's not expand expand into adaptation issue. It is a purely almost
[01:59:43] adaptation issue. It is a purely almost purely a mitigation issue. But we know
[01:59:45] purely a mitigation issue. But we know that in the year 2022 and 2023 we have
[01:59:50] that in the year 2022 and 2023 we have uh different uh the same text that
[01:59:52] uh different uh the same text that expanding our mandate of this group from
[01:59:56] expanding our mandate of this group from the only the pure mitigation issue
[01:59:59] the only the pure mitigation issue uh covering much more a broad issue like
[02:00:03] uh covering much more a broad issue like uh adaptation issue. uh this is uh
[02:00:07] uh adaptation issue. uh this is uh actually lot of colleagues uh curious
[02:00:10] actually lot of colleagues uh curious about how to connected JT with
[02:00:13] about how to connected JT with adaptation and with maybe more broader
[02:00:16] adaptation and with maybe more broader issues. I think this session is very
[02:00:19] issues. I think this session is very much important to help us to
[02:00:21] much important to help us to understanding how would this expanded to
[02:00:24] understanding how would this expanded to adaptation
[02:00:25] adaptation and and and including the food security
[02:00:28] and and and including the food security and agriculture issue. I think this is
[02:00:32] and agriculture issue. I think this is uh I heard a lot of from other parties.
[02:00:36] uh I heard a lot of from other parties. I I just want to show what we have done
[02:00:39] I I just want to show what we have done in China. uh we do have connecting this
[02:00:43] in China. uh we do have connecting this uh agriculture development with JT with
[02:00:46] uh agriculture development with JT with uh just transition and we know that
[02:00:48] uh just transition and we know that impacts of climate change to agriculture
[02:00:52] impacts of climate change to agriculture there's various uh uh uh various forms
[02:00:56] there's various uh uh uh various forms like rising uh a average temperature and
[02:01:00] like rising uh a average temperature and shifting precipitation patterns and more
[02:01:04] shifting precipitation patterns and more frequent extreme weather events.
[02:01:07] frequent extreme weather events. uh some areas of uh in in in in my
[02:01:10] uh some areas of uh in in in in my country for example for Chongqing that
[02:01:13] country for example for Chongqing that the the pear trees experience a second
[02:01:17] the the pear trees experience a second bloom but this is due to a normally
[02:01:21] bloom but this is due to a normally abnormally high autumn temperature and
[02:01:24] abnormally high autumn temperature and what is the impact is leading to reduce
[02:01:27] what is the impact is leading to reduce of yield the following years. So this is
[02:01:31] of yield the following years. So this is really impact of the climate change to
[02:01:33] really impact of the climate change to agriculture area and also some of the
[02:01:37] agriculture area and also some of the ecoaggriculture farms in her province of
[02:01:41] ecoaggriculture farms in her province of China. They suffer in structure damage
[02:01:45] China. They suffer in structure damage from the rains and the flooding and and
[02:01:49] from the rains and the flooding and and also in Sani uh province apple industry
[02:01:53] also in Sani uh province apple industry faces quality decline risk due to the
[02:01:57] faces quality decline risk due to the intensified cold and heat stress. So
[02:02:01] intensified cold and heat stress. So that is a real happen uh in in in my
[02:02:05] that is a real happen uh in in in my country. I I I do believe that this is
[02:02:07] country. I I I do believe that this is happens also in other countries. So we
[02:02:10] happens also in other countries. So we can see that the farmers have been uh
[02:02:14] can see that the farmers have been uh forced some of them forced to abandon
[02:02:17] forced some of them forced to abandon their previous pling uh planting due to
[02:02:21] their previous pling uh planting due to inadequate irrigation resources
[02:02:24] inadequate irrigation resources and faces challenges rising cost of
[02:02:27] and faces challenges rising cost of agriculture production. So that is the
[02:02:29] agriculture production. So that is the impact of the climate change. But this
[02:02:32] impact of the climate change. But this is not fair to the farmers because they
[02:02:36] is not fair to the farmers because they they are not the people who make the
[02:02:38] they are not the people who make the global warming. And so the the experts
[02:02:43] global warming. And so the the experts are proposed that in one hand we should
[02:02:46] are proposed that in one hand we should enhance the support for the individual
[02:02:49] enhance the support for the individual capa capacity building of the farmers
[02:02:52] capa capacity building of the farmers but also we need institutional safeguard
[02:02:55] but also we need institutional safeguard and for this is very much crucial
[02:02:57] and for this is very much crucial institution safeguard
[02:02:59] institution safeguard should be including international
[02:03:01] should be including international collaboration on agriculture
[02:03:03] collaboration on agriculture technologies and the finance report. So
[02:03:06] technologies and the finance report. So that is quite related with today's
[02:03:08] that is quite related with today's dialogue and for those kind of mechanism
[02:03:12] dialogue and for those kind of mechanism or safeguard uh uh proposals to alivate
[02:03:17] or safeguard uh uh proposals to alivate to reduce climate vulnerability of the
[02:03:20] to reduce climate vulnerability of the farmers and to facilitate just
[02:03:23] farmers and to facilitate just transition for farmers. So that is uh
[02:03:26] transition for farmers. So that is uh some kind of um uh cases from uh uh from
[02:03:29] some kind of um uh cases from uh uh from China. And also my last point I would
[02:03:32] China. And also my last point I would like to join with other colleagues who
[02:03:35] like to join with other colleagues who point out the elective impact of Sibam
[02:03:38] point out the elective impact of Sibam and unilateral mayors as the spirit of
[02:03:42] and unilateral mayors as the spirit of UNCC multin multinationalism should be
[02:03:45] UNCC multin multinationalism should be highly valued but unilateral mayors are
[02:03:49] highly valued but unilateral mayors are not inite with multinational
[02:03:51] not inite with multinational multinationalism
[02:03:52] multinationalism and have elective for international
[02:03:55] and have elective for international collaboration
[02:03:57] collaboration and joint I mean countries join climate
[02:04:00] and joint I mean countries join climate actions
[02:04:02] actions and also treat to the re realization of
[02:04:06] and also treat to the re realization of the targets of Paris agreement. I just
[02:04:09] the targets of Paris agreement. I just stop here. Thank you very much.
[02:04:11] stop here. Thank you very much. >> Thank you. And finally Fiji
[02:04:16] >> Thank you. And finally Fiji online.
[02:04:17] online. >> Thank you. Thank you facilitator. Uh and
[02:04:20] >> Thank you. Thank you facilitator. Uh and good morning colleagues. Um my apologies
[02:04:24] good morning colleagues. Um my apologies the camera on this device is not working
[02:04:26] the camera on this device is not working but I trust you can hear me well.
[02:04:29] but I trust you can hear me well. In the interest of time I'll focus on
[02:04:31] In the interest of time I'll focus on the third question on uh translating
[02:04:34] the third question on uh translating national policies into investable
[02:04:36] national policies into investable programmatic pipelines for small island
[02:04:40] programmatic pipelines for small island developing states. Just transitions
[02:04:42] developing states. Just transitions should be embedded across all financing
[02:04:44] should be embedded across all financing mechanisms including access to grants
[02:04:48] mechanisms including access to grants the loss and damage fund and capacity
[02:04:50] the loss and damage fund and capacity building investments. Financing must
[02:04:52] building investments. Financing must prioritize resilience and avoid
[02:04:54] prioritize resilience and avoid additional debt burdens. Dedicated
[02:04:57] additional debt burdens. Dedicated institutional arrangements which include
[02:04:59] institutional arrangements which include means of implementation are required to
[02:05:01] means of implementation are required to track and accelerate progress.
[02:05:05] track and accelerate progress. For example, Fiji after launching its
[02:05:08] For example, Fiji after launching its NDC 3.0 I know last year is now
[02:05:11] NDC 3.0 I know last year is now advancing the development of its costed
[02:05:13] advancing the development of its costed implementation plan which provides a
[02:05:16] implementation plan which provides a practical pathway for translating NDC
[02:05:18] practical pathway for translating NDC sectoral targets into investable
[02:05:21] sectoral targets into investable pipelines. This involves prioritizing
[02:05:24] pipelines. This involves prioritizing and costing sector specific actions
[02:05:26] and costing sector specific actions across energy, waste, agriculture,
[02:05:29] across energy, waste, agriculture, forestry, and other land use,
[02:05:31] forestry, and other land use, adaptation, oceans, and climate finance,
[02:05:33] adaptation, oceans, and climate finance, and packaging them into coherent
[02:05:36] and packaging them into coherent investment ready programs with clear
[02:05:38] investment ready programs with clear timelines, financing needs, and
[02:05:40] timelines, financing needs, and potential funding sources, including
[02:05:43] potential funding sources, including public, private, and blended finance.
[02:05:46] public, private, and blended finance. Translating national plans into
[02:05:48] Translating national plans into investable pipelines requires
[02:05:50] investable pipelines requires strengthening systems for
[02:05:51] strengthening systems for prioritization,
[02:05:53] prioritization, coordination, and project development.
[02:05:56] coordination, and project development. This includes identifying clear sector
[02:05:58] This includes identifying clear sector priorities and developing project
[02:06:00] priorities and developing project concepts aligned and aligning them with
[02:06:03] concepts aligned and aligning them with funding requirements.
[02:06:06] funding requirements. In Fiji, the National Climate Finance
[02:06:08] In Fiji, the National Climate Finance Strategy lays out the country's main
[02:06:11] Strategy lays out the country's main investment priorities for building a
[02:06:13] investment priorities for building a climate resilient lowcarbon economy and
[02:06:16] climate resilient lowcarbon economy and serves as a climate finance blueprint
[02:06:18] serves as a climate finance blueprint for government and development partners.
[02:06:20] for government and development partners. The strategy is not a standalone
[02:06:22] The strategy is not a standalone document but informed by existing
[02:06:24] document but informed by existing national policies and strategies
[02:06:26] national policies and strategies including the national development plan,
[02:06:29] including the national development plan, national adaptation plan and low
[02:06:30] national adaptation plan and low emission development strategy and the
[02:06:33] emission development strategy and the NDC implementation roadmap as well as
[02:06:36] NDC implementation roadmap as well as sectoral plans.
[02:06:38] sectoral plans. It is important that support from GCF
[02:06:41] It is important that support from GCF readiness, ICAD initiatives and other
[02:06:43] readiness, ICAD initiatives and other development partners are helping to
[02:06:46] development partners are helping to improve project preparation capacity
[02:06:48] improve project preparation capacity including feasibility studies, climate
[02:06:51] including feasibility studies, climate risk screening and costbenefit analysis.
[02:06:54] risk screening and costbenefit analysis. Strengthening our capacities is
[02:06:56] Strengthening our capacities is essential to improve investment
[02:06:58] essential to improve investment readiness and quality. Robust
[02:07:00] readiness and quality. Robust monitoring, reporting, and verification
[02:07:02] monitoring, reporting, and verification systems aligned with the enhanced
[02:07:04] systems aligned with the enhanced transparency framework are critical to
[02:07:06] transparency framework are critical to demonstrate impact, strengthen
[02:07:08] demonstrate impact, strengthen accountability, and scale successful
[02:07:11] accountability, and scale successful interventions through evidence-based
[02:07:12] interventions through evidence-based planning, improving access to
[02:07:14] planning, improving access to international climate finance, and
[02:07:16] international climate finance, and ensuring effective implementation of
[02:07:18] ensuring effective implementation of just transitions. Thank you.
[02:07:22] just transitions. Thank you. >> Thank you. And uh yeah, with that we
[02:07:25] >> Thank you. And uh yeah, with that we will close this round table. Thank you
[02:07:27] will close this round table. Thank you all for your insights. uh we'll try to
[02:07:30] all for your insights. uh we'll try to summarize them a little bit later in the
[02:07:32] summarize them a little bit later in the plenary session. So please stay in this
[02:07:34] plenary session. So please stay in this room. We will move your next session
[02:07:36] room. We will move your next session will be on innovation.
[02:07:39] will be on innovation. Um yeah so the new moderator will come
[02:07:43] Um yeah so the new moderator will come but if you want to stretch or stand up a
[02:07:46] but if you want to stretch or stand up a little bit that's that's all good. Thank
[02:07:49] little bit that's that's all good. Thank you.
[02:07:53] And just just before just before you
[02:07:55] And just just before just before you leave, just a a note on uh time
[02:07:59] leave, just a a note on uh time management and the consequences of this.
[02:08:01] management and the consequences of this. I know that the EU had their flag up,
[02:08:04] I know that the EU had their flag up, Belgium for EU. Um we've had to close it
[02:08:07] Belgium for EU. Um we've had to close it because we're about 25 30 minutes
[02:08:09] because we're about 25 30 minutes overtime compared to the other rooms. Uh
[02:08:11] overtime compared to the other rooms. Uh this is the consequence of this room
[02:08:13] this is the consequence of this room having a lot more numbers than other
[02:08:15] having a lot more numbers than other rooms. um and the next two rounds to
[02:08:18] rooms. um and the next two rounds to keep things consistent with other rooms,
[02:08:19] keep things consistent with other rooms, we're going to have to keep this room
[02:08:21] we're going to have to keep this room much tighter in terms of interventions.
[02:08:23] much tighter in terms of interventions. So the result is that you're not going
[02:08:25] So the result is that you're not going to be able to say maybe as much as you
[02:08:27] to be able to say maybe as much as you want to in this room with so many people
[02:08:29] want to in this room with so many people in the room. So there are two
[02:08:30] in the room. So there are two consequences of that. one, you can
[02:08:32] consequences of that. one, you can spread out a bit more and go into other
[02:08:33] spread out a bit more and go into other rooms um to create a bit more balance
[02:08:36] rooms um to create a bit more balance and then more time in each room um
[02:08:39] and then more time in each room um because if everyone stays here um we
[02:08:41] because if everyone stays here um we could face the same situation here next
[02:08:43] could face the same situation here next round and we're going to have to keep
[02:08:45] round and we're going to have to keep the time tighter than we have this time.
[02:08:47] the time tighter than we have this time. We've let it go this time a little bit
[02:08:48] We've let it go this time a little bit appreciating there's a lot of issues. We
[02:08:50] appreciating there's a lot of issues. We know that there's some responses to some
[02:08:52] know that there's some responses to some of the comments made um that still want
[02:08:54] of the comments made um that still want to be made um for EU and others. If
[02:08:56] to be made um for EU and others. If there that's the case, what I'm
[02:08:58] there that's the case, what I'm suggesting is to go to another room
[02:09:00] suggesting is to go to another room that's going to be talking to to this
[02:09:02] that's going to be talking to to this topic to the International Corporation
[02:09:04] topic to the International Corporation Finance and provide your response as
[02:09:07] Finance and provide your response as well as any other additional comments
[02:09:09] well as any other additional comments there so that it can be reflected in the
[02:09:11] there so that it can be reflected in the discussion. Um, apologies that you can't
[02:09:13] discussion. Um, apologies that you can't do it here. Um, but we've gone way over
[02:09:16] do it here. Um, but we've gone way over time um, in terms of having to draw the
[02:09:19] time um, in terms of having to draw the line now. So, please do that and anyone
[02:09:21] line now. So, please do that and anyone else in that situation to to still have
[02:09:24] else in that situation to to still have your um responses or views reflected. Um
[02:09:28] your um responses or views reflected. Um and next round we're going to be keeping
[02:09:29] and next round we're going to be keeping the the time much tighter in here um to
[02:09:32] the the time much tighter in here um to ensure balance between the rooms.
[02:09:35] ensure balance between the rooms. Thanks.
[02:10:42] That's a speed.
[02:11:07] So that's four hours.
[02:11:32] bring you
[02:11:48] international
[02:12:07] That's
[02:12:18] perfect. Let's
[02:12:20] perfect. Let's tell you
[02:13:33] Don't know.
[02:14:46] I think it's
[02:15:50] working already. Yeah.
[02:15:56] Hello everyone. Uh we will uh get ready
[02:16:01] Hello everyone. Uh we will uh get ready to start.
[02:16:04] to start. So I hope everyone is here and I hope
[02:16:09] So I hope everyone is here and I hope you had water and uh refresh your mind.
[02:16:17] Yeah. Can we
[02:16:30] Uh so good morning and nice to meet you
[02:16:32] Uh so good morning and nice to meet you all. My name is Emily. I am uh the
[02:16:36] all. My name is Emily. I am uh the representative of the Ringo
[02:16:38] representative of the Ringo Constitution, the research and
[02:16:40] Constitution, the research and independent NOS's. I am also from
[02:16:42] independent NOS's. I am also from Brazil. Uh and I'm very glad to be here.
[02:16:46] Brazil. Uh and I'm very glad to be here. Uh now we will talk about the topic too.
[02:16:49] Uh now we will talk about the topic too. Uh which is also a hot topic but I hope
[02:16:52] Uh which is also a hot topic but I hope not too hot. So we can finish on time.
[02:16:56] not too hot. So we can finish on time. Um
[02:16:58] Um you can see we have three questions. So
[02:17:00] you can see we have three questions. So we will start uh question by question.
[02:17:04] we will start uh question by question. Uh so let's try to focus on the topic
[02:17:07] Uh so let's try to focus on the topic and on the question uh and have a very
[02:17:11] and on the question uh and have a very productive uh meeting here and moment
[02:17:15] productive uh meeting here and moment for talking about innovation, technology
[02:17:18] for talking about innovation, technology transfer, capacity building and
[02:17:20] transfer, capacity building and knowledge sharing. This is a topic that
[02:17:22] knowledge sharing. This is a topic that I like very much. So I really hope that
[02:17:26] I like very much. So I really hope that we can have a rich uh discussions here.
[02:17:30] we can have a rich uh discussions here. Uh
[02:17:31] Uh so I will start with the first one. Uh
[02:17:35] so I will start with the first one. Uh how can access to climate resilient and
[02:17:38] how can access to climate resilient and context appropriate technology enhance
[02:17:41] context appropriate technology enhance adoptive adaptive capacity is treating
[02:17:45] adoptive adaptive capacity is treating food security and support locally led
[02:17:47] food security and support locally led solutions particularly in vulnerable
[02:17:49] solutions particularly in vulnerable communities.
[02:17:51] communities. So please raise your your flag and uh
[02:17:55] So please raise your your flag and uh break the ice
[02:17:58] break the ice uh and uh let's start our conversation
[02:18:02] uh and uh let's start our conversation and talk about um this topic. Thank you.
[02:18:14] Does anyone
[02:18:16] Does anyone want to start talking about climate
[02:18:19] want to start talking about climate resilient and context appropriated
[02:18:22] resilient and context appropriated technology to enhance adaptive capacity
[02:18:27] technology to enhance adaptive capacity food security
[02:18:30] food security and support local solutions particularly
[02:18:33] and support local solutions particularly in vulnerable communities? Please
[02:18:40] >> uh madame moderator raise my hand if uh
[02:18:43] >> uh madame moderator raise my hand if uh you are interested.
[02:18:44] you are interested. >> Uh yeah, we
[02:18:46] >> Uh yeah, we >> we have someone online.
[02:18:50] >> we have someone online. Do we have it?
[02:18:52] Do we have it? So
[02:18:58] who was talking? Oh no.
[02:19:02] who was talking? Oh no. >> Ah okay. It was by mistake online. Yeah.
[02:19:07] >> Ah okay. It was by mistake online. Yeah. >> No, it wasn't a mistake. It's LDC's are
[02:19:09] >> No, it wasn't a mistake. It's LDC's are requesting for the floor. I raised the
[02:19:11] requesting for the floor. I raised the hand but maybe for technical reason from
[02:19:15] hand but maybe for technical reason from your side you didn't see my hand. That's
[02:19:17] your side you didn't see my hand. That's what I I just uh interacted. Apologies
[02:19:20] what I I just uh interacted. Apologies madame facilitator.
[02:19:24] >> Uh okay. I'm sorry we didn't uh see your
[02:19:26] >> Uh okay. I'm sorry we didn't uh see your hands here. Uh so can you can we start
[02:19:29] hands here. Uh so can you can we start again and present yourself and uh where
[02:19:32] again and present yourself and uh where are you from?
[02:19:33] are you from? uh and give your inputs about the
[02:19:36] uh and give your inputs about the question.
[02:19:42] >> H
[02:19:44] >> H can we show her?
[02:19:46] can we show her? >> Can you see me?
[02:19:48] >> Can you see me? >> Oh yes. Can you hear me?
[02:19:50] >> Oh yes. Can you hear me? >> Yeah,
[02:19:51] >> Yeah, >> you can hear me.
[02:19:52] >> you can hear me. >> Right. Thank you very much uh for the
[02:19:55] >> Right. Thank you very much uh for the opportunity and um good morning again
[02:19:59] opportunity and um good morning again colleagues who were together in the
[02:20:02] colleagues who were together in the previous session. So Bkina Fas is taking
[02:20:04] previous session. So Bkina Fas is taking the floor and on behalf of the LDC's
[02:20:07] the floor and on behalf of the LDC's happy to to share our views on the first
[02:20:10] happy to to share our views on the first questions. uh innovation and technology
[02:20:13] questions. uh innovation and technology transfer are essential enablers of
[02:20:15] transfer are essential enablers of adaptation and food security
[02:20:18] adaptation and food security particularly and agriculture fisheries
[02:20:21] particularly and agriculture fisheries and energy access systems. They support
[02:20:24] and energy access systems. They support the development of energy of early
[02:20:27] the development of energy of early warning systems, climate resilient
[02:20:30] warning systems, climate resilient agriculture and sustainable food uh
[02:20:33] agriculture and sustainable food uh production systems. However, access to
[02:20:38] production systems. However, access to advanced technology remain highly
[02:20:40] advanced technology remain highly inequal. LDCs and vulnerable development
[02:20:44] inequal. LDCs and vulnerable development countries face significant constraints
[02:20:47] countries face significant constraints and accessing climate resilience and
[02:20:49] and accessing climate resilience and appropriate technologies.
[02:20:52] appropriate technologies. This slow the pace of transition and
[02:20:56] This slow the pace of transition and limit adaptive capacity and food system
[02:20:59] limit adaptive capacity and food system and livelihood. Many LDC's also lack the
[02:21:04] and livelihood. Many LDC's also lack the infrastructure and technical capacity
[02:21:06] infrastructure and technical capacity for climate data system.
[02:21:11] for climate data system. Weak data system undermine anticipatory
[02:21:14] Weak data system undermine anticipatory action, early warning system and risk
[02:21:17] action, early warning system and risk informed decision making. All of which
[02:21:20] informed decision making. All of which are critical for protecting food system
[02:21:22] are critical for protecting food system security and livelihoods. Technology
[02:21:25] security and livelihoods. Technology must be context appropriate and locally
[02:21:29] must be context appropriate and locally relevant. Adaptation is often
[02:21:31] relevant. Adaptation is often constrained by outdated, costly or
[02:21:35] constrained by outdated, costly or unsuitable technologies
[02:21:38] unsuitable technologies especially when fast when transfer is
[02:21:42] especially when fast when transfer is not aligned with local realities. LDC's
[02:21:46] not aligned with local realities. LDC's have at time experienced technology
[02:21:49] have at time experienced technology dumping where absolute technology are
[02:21:52] dumping where absolute technology are transferred without delivering
[02:21:55] transferred without delivering meaningful resilience outcome equitably.
[02:21:59] meaningful resilience outcome equitably. Access to technology also requires
[02:22:02] Access to technology also requires addressing structural barriers including
[02:22:05] addressing structural barriers including intellectual property rights often limit
[02:22:09] intellectual property rights often limit access to essential climate technology
[02:22:13] access to essential climate technology technologies. There is a need for
[02:22:16] technologies. There is a need for favorable licensing agreement and reduce
[02:22:21] favorable licensing agreement and reduce intellectual property barriers
[02:22:23] intellectual property barriers consistent with CBDRC
[02:22:26] consistent with CBDRC principles.
[02:22:28] principles. This enables technology transfer and and
[02:22:33] This enables technology transfer and and innovation and LDC supporting long-term
[02:22:36] innovation and LDC supporting long-term resilience. That's is our input for the
[02:22:39] resilience. That's is our input for the first question. Madame moderator over to
[02:22:41] first question. Madame moderator over to you. back to you.
[02:22:44] you. back to you. >> Thank you, Burkinaaso.
[02:22:46] >> Thank you, Burkinaaso. Um, it's interesting to hear uh because
[02:22:50] Um, it's interesting to hear uh because it was also raised in the other room
[02:22:53] it was also raised in the other room related to the access to technology and
[02:22:56] related to the access to technology and the limitations um and also the the week
[02:23:01] the limitations um and also the the week of data system. But uh now you you also
[02:23:05] of data system. But uh now you you also uh brought something new uh related to
[02:23:07] uh brought something new uh related to the IP barriers. So this is important
[02:23:10] the IP barriers. So this is important also to to uh highlight here. So thank
[02:23:14] also to to uh highlight here. So thank you so much. Uh does anyone else wants
[02:23:17] you so much. Uh does anyone else wants to join us for this question? We do not
[02:23:20] to join us for this question? We do not have much time. So uh if you you have
[02:23:24] have much time. So uh if you you have something to contribute to be with us in
[02:23:26] something to contribute to be with us in this question. So please raise your leg.
[02:23:29] this question. So please raise your leg. Oh raise your flag. Uh otherwise we are
[02:23:33] Oh raise your flag. Uh otherwise we are going to go to the second one.
[02:23:38] Uh do we have someone online?
[02:23:44] No.
[02:23:47] Um so since we do not have much time uh
[02:23:51] Um so since we do not have much time uh we are going to the second question
[02:23:54] we are going to the second question that is um
[02:24:00] yes. Uh yeah we can see again the slide
[02:24:04] yes. Uh yeah we can see again the slide with the questions. Uh and uh oh Saudi
[02:24:08] with the questions. Uh and uh oh Saudi Arabia, do you want to do you have a
[02:24:11] Arabia, do you want to do you have a comment in the first one? Yes, please go
[02:24:13] comment in the first one? Yes, please go ahead.
[02:24:21] >> Yeah. Um thank you. Thank you uh madame
[02:24:25] >> Yeah. Um thank you. Thank you uh madame facilitator for giving Saudi Arabia the
[02:24:27] facilitator for giving Saudi Arabia the floor. uh for for Saudi Arabia, we think
[02:24:30] floor. uh for for Saudi Arabia, we think uh we definitely uh support the points
[02:24:32] uh we definitely uh support the points uh that were made by the uh previous
[02:24:35] uh that were made by the uh previous distinguished colleague uh and the
[02:24:37] distinguished colleague uh and the importance on accessing uh finance and
[02:24:41] importance on accessing uh finance and technology uh transfer. These are very
[02:24:44] technology uh transfer. These are very important aspects that feed into um the
[02:24:49] important aspects that feed into um the development and capacity for developing
[02:24:51] development and capacity for developing countries.
[02:24:53] countries. when it comes to um
[02:24:57] when it comes to um uh having each country it's we we think
[02:25:00] uh having each country it's we we think that the context appropriate
[02:25:03] that the context appropriate technologies they have to be um
[02:25:06] technologies they have to be um especially relevant to national and
[02:25:08] especially relevant to national and local context with focus on research and
[02:25:11] local context with focus on research and development and capacity building are
[02:25:13] development and capacity building are what's essential in enhancing the
[02:25:15] what's essential in enhancing the capacities of communities. A deeper
[02:25:17] capacities of communities. A deeper understanding of these technologies and
[02:25:19] understanding of these technologies and all their diversity uh diversity and
[02:25:22] all their diversity uh diversity and applications will enable more effective
[02:25:25] applications will enable more effective implementation and stronger outcomes at
[02:25:27] implementation and stronger outcomes at the national level in alignment with
[02:25:29] the national level in alignment with national strategies. A key point to also
[02:25:31] national strategies. A key point to also highlight is job creation in particular
[02:25:34] highlight is job creation in particular fields.
[02:25:35] fields. With a focus on research and development
[02:25:37] With a focus on research and development comes uh a need for advancing and
[02:25:40] comes uh a need for advancing and expanding on existing jobs and creating
[02:25:42] expanding on existing jobs and creating new ones. All of which are key factors
[02:25:45] new ones. All of which are key factors that play into sustainable development
[02:25:47] that play into sustainable development and socioeconomic growth. Thank you.
[02:25:52] >> Thank you. Saudi Arabia. Uh
[02:25:56] >> Thank you. Saudi Arabia. Uh do we have anyone else? Uh yeah, please.
[02:26:00] do we have anyone else? Uh yeah, please. Dominican Republic.
[02:26:03] Dominican Republic. >> Thank you. Thank you. Thank you for
[02:26:05] >> Thank you. Thank you. Thank you for giving me the floor. And since it is the
[02:26:07] giving me the floor. And since it is the first time that I make an intervention,
[02:26:08] first time that I make an intervention, I would like to thank the um government
[02:26:11] I would like to thank the um government of the Republic of Korea. I would like
[02:26:13] of the Republic of Korea. I would like to thank the secretariat as well for
[02:26:15] to thank the secretariat as well for creating this space. I would like to
[02:26:16] creating this space. I would like to thank uh also you as a facilitator for
[02:26:19] thank uh also you as a facilitator for guiding us through through this segment
[02:26:21] guiding us through through this segment and I would also like to show
[02:26:22] and I would also like to show appreciation for the colleagues that are
[02:26:24] appreciation for the colleagues that are online because their efforts in in
[02:26:27] online because their efforts in in staying connected. I know that some of
[02:26:28] staying connected. I know that some of them have uh quite significant time
[02:26:30] them have uh quite significant time difference and they are enriching the
[02:26:33] difference and they are enriching the conversation. So um in the context of
[02:26:37] conversation. So um in the context of the Dominican Republic
[02:26:39] the Dominican Republic real quick let me grab my notes. Um,
[02:26:41] real quick let me grab my notes. Um, strengthening adaptive capacity,
[02:26:43] strengthening adaptive capacity, ensuring food security and advancing a
[02:26:45] ensuring food security and advancing a just transition requires more than just
[02:26:48] just transition requires more than just envision. It requires access to climate
[02:26:50] envision. It requires access to climate resilient and context appropriate
[02:26:52] resilient and context appropriate technologies that are rooted in local
[02:26:55] technologies that are rooted in local realities. Just as some of the
[02:26:57] realities. Just as some of the colleagues that preceded me um expressed
[02:26:59] colleagues that preceded me um expressed as well for vulnerable communities,
[02:27:01] as well for vulnerable communities, particularly uh small holders, farmers
[02:27:04] particularly uh small holders, farmers and artisanal fisheries, technology is
[02:27:07] and artisanal fisheries, technology is not an abstract solution. It is a
[02:27:09] not an abstract solution. It is a practical means to anticipate climate
[02:27:11] practical means to anticipate climate risks, stabilize livelihoods, and
[02:27:14] risks, stabilize livelihoods, and protect food systems in the face of
[02:27:16] protect food systems in the face of increasingly frequent and severe climate
[02:27:18] increasingly frequent and severe climate shocks. Early warning systems, as some
[02:27:21] shocks. Early warning systems, as some other mentions, climate resilient crops,
[02:27:23] other mentions, climate resilient crops, sustainable fisheries technologies, and
[02:27:25] sustainable fisheries technologies, and decentralized renewable energy solutions
[02:27:27] decentralized renewable energy solutions can significantly reduce vulnerability
[02:27:30] can significantly reduce vulnerability when they are accessible, afford
[02:27:32] when they are accessible, afford affordable, and tailored to the context
[02:27:35] affordable, and tailored to the context of the reality.
[02:27:37] of the reality. However, technology alone is not
[02:27:40] However, technology alone is not sufficient. Its transformative potential
[02:27:42] sufficient. Its transformative potential depends on whether it is embedded with
[02:27:45] depends on whether it is embedded with locally led approaches supported by
[02:27:48] locally led approaches supported by capacity building and aligned with
[02:27:49] capacity building and aligned with community knowledge and priorities. In
[02:27:52] community knowledge and priorities. In this regard, we also see very relevant
[02:27:55] this regard, we also see very relevant to maintain the conversation at the time
[02:27:58] to maintain the conversation at the time that we uh empower the local relevant
[02:28:01] that we uh empower the local relevant stakeholders. We call for strengthening
[02:28:03] stakeholders. We call for strengthening international support to scale up access
[02:28:05] international support to scale up access to climate resilient locally appropriate
[02:28:08] to climate resilient locally appropriate technologies and to ensure that these
[02:28:10] technologies and to ensure that these are deployed in ways that empower
[02:28:11] are deployed in ways that empower communities, protect ecosystems and
[02:28:14] communities, protect ecosystems and build a more resilient and food secure
[02:28:16] build a more resilient and food secure future. Thank you.
[02:28:22] >> Uh thank you Dominican Republic uh
[02:28:27] >> Uh thank you Dominican Republic uh for the inputs for this question. Uh do
[02:28:30] for the inputs for this question. Uh do we have anyone else? We see that uh
[02:28:33] we have anyone else? We see that uh access is something that uh very common
[02:28:36] access is something that uh very common for for this first question and uh it's
[02:28:40] for for this first question and uh it's really important.
[02:28:42] really important. Um
[02:28:44] Um so do we have anyone else for this
[02:28:46] so do we have anyone else for this question? Uh if not we are going to go
[02:28:50] question? Uh if not we are going to go to the second one uh to maintain the
[02:28:54] to the second one uh to maintain the time uh online. Do we have someone
[02:28:56] time uh online. Do we have someone online? No.
[02:28:59] online? No. I'm talking but I have issues to raise
[02:29:03] I'm talking but I have issues to raise my hand and also to uh to type on the
[02:29:06] my hand and also to uh to type on the chat box to request this was not
[02:29:08] chat box to request this was not working. I can you hear me now?
[02:29:11] working. I can you hear me now? >> Yes. Yes, we are hearing you Baso.
[02:29:13] >> Yes. Yes, we are hearing you Baso. Please you can
[02:29:14] Please you can >> apologies because I cannot I don't I
[02:29:16] >> apologies because I cannot I don't I can't type in the chat box or request.
[02:29:19] can't type in the chat box or request. Apologies for that. will uh now on uh
[02:29:22] Apologies for that. will uh now on uh contribute to the second question and
[02:29:26] contribute to the second question and thank you uh Mariel for for the kind
[02:29:30] thank you uh Mariel for for the kind words for us who's attending um remotely
[02:29:36] words for us who's attending um remotely how can't I
[02:29:40] how can't I >> having issues here yes
[02:29:42] >> having issues here yes >> so you address the second question
[02:29:46] >> so you address the second question >> address yes it is the
[02:29:50] >> address yes it is the second questions are how can innovation
[02:29:52] second questions are how can innovation and technology development and transfer
[02:29:55] and technology development and transfer support just transition pathways to
[02:29:57] support just transition pathways to climate resilient low emissions and
[02:30:00] climate resilient low emissions and sustainable food system. Am I correct
[02:30:02] sustainable food system. Am I correct madame uh facilitator? Is that one?
[02:30:05] madame uh facilitator? Is that one? >> Yeah, is that right? Please go ahead.
[02:30:07] >> Yeah, is that right? Please go ahead. Yeah.
[02:30:08] Yeah. >> Yeah. Thank you very much. Innovation
[02:30:11] >> Yeah. Thank you very much. Innovation and uh technology transfer are central
[02:30:13] and uh technology transfer are central to building low emissions resilience and
[02:30:16] to building low emissions resilience and sustainable food system. They are suit
[02:30:20] sustainable food system. They are suit they enable sustainable value chain
[02:30:23] they enable sustainable value chain circular practices and clean production
[02:30:26] circular practices and clean production methods across agriculture fisheries and
[02:30:31] methods across agriculture fisheries and related related uh sectors as uh
[02:30:35] related related uh sectors as uh Dominican Republic raised before me for
[02:30:38] Dominican Republic raised before me for LDC's
[02:30:40] LDC's technology transfer must be beyond
[02:30:42] technology transfer must be beyond delivery and of equipment it must be a
[02:30:46] delivery and of equipment it must be a deliberate structure ed process of
[02:30:49] deliberate structure ed process of knowledge sharing and capacity building
[02:30:52] knowledge sharing and capacity building not one way transfer it must avoid
[02:30:56] not one way transfer it must avoid recycling outlet technology as I said
[02:30:59] recycling outlet technology as I said previously which undermined sustainable
[02:31:02] previously which undermined sustainable outcome effective technology transfer
[02:31:06] outcome effective technology transfer should support sustainable agriculture
[02:31:09] should support sustainable agriculture and agroecology systems circular and
[02:31:13] and agroecology systems circular and resource effic efficiency food systems
[02:31:16] resource effic efficiency food systems clean production system that reduce
[02:31:19] clean production system that reduce emissions and enhance resilience and
[02:31:23] emissions and enhance resilience and climate resilient fishery for coastal.
[02:31:26] climate resilient fishery for coastal. Uh the the cooling system also it's a
[02:31:29] Uh the the cooling system also it's a technology that uh uh the LDC's is
[02:31:32] technology that uh uh the LDC's is working on. Technology development must
[02:31:35] working on. Technology development must also be locally driven and inclusive.
[02:31:37] also be locally driven and inclusive. This requires enabling condition for
[02:31:40] This requires enabling condition for domestic
[02:31:42] domestic technological capacity and economic
[02:31:45] technological capacity and economic diversification and our universities
[02:31:48] diversification and our universities also must be involved as a solution our
[02:31:51] also must be involved as a solution our youth also as solution providers.
[02:31:54] youth also as solution providers. International cooperation is essential.
[02:31:57] International cooperation is essential. Strengthening access to mechanisms such
[02:31:59] Strengthening access to mechanisms such like the uh climate technology center
[02:32:03] like the uh climate technology center and network CDC and tech that SIG has
[02:32:07] and network CDC and tech that SIG has presented this morning requires will
[02:32:10] presented this morning requires will requires uh targeted capacity building
[02:32:13] requires uh targeted capacity building support financial support for technology
[02:32:16] support financial support for technology transfer must be scalable and made
[02:32:19] transfer must be scalable and made predictable as current flows remain
[02:32:22] predictable as current flows remain insufficient. I will stop there. Thank
[02:32:24] insufficient. I will stop there. Thank you very much madame facilitator. So uh
[02:32:27] you very much madame facilitator. So uh please bear with me as I cannot request
[02:32:30] please bear with me as I cannot request for the feel free to give me the floor
[02:32:32] for the feel free to give me the floor for the next question because I'm not
[02:32:34] for the next question because I'm not able to uh to interact. Thank you madame
[02:32:38] able to uh to interact. Thank you madame facilitator.
[02:32:39] facilitator. >> Thank you Bina. And yeah it's important
[02:32:42] >> Thank you Bina. And yeah it's important to know that we are having this
[02:32:44] to know that we are having this technology program problem during the
[02:32:47] technology program problem during the the tax session but I will call you for
[02:32:50] the tax session but I will call you for the next one. Uh and now we uh we'll
[02:32:53] the next one. Uh and now we uh we'll call Republic of Korea. Um I can see
[02:32:59] call Republic of Korea. Um I can see where
[02:33:06] >> please go ahead.
[02:33:07] >> please go ahead. >> Thank you. Uh we don't have the flags so
[02:33:09] >> Thank you. Uh we don't have the flags so but thank you for uh recognizing us. I
[02:33:12] but thank you for uh recognizing us. I would just like to address how
[02:33:14] would just like to address how innovation and technology development
[02:33:17] innovation and technology development and transfer can support just transition
[02:33:19] and transfer can support just transition pathways to climate resilient food
[02:33:22] pathways to climate resilient food systems. And we I believe we believe
[02:33:25] systems. And we I believe we believe that leveraging technological innovation
[02:33:27] that leveraging technological innovation such as AI and ensuring access uh has
[02:33:31] such as AI and ensuring access uh has the potential in advancing just
[02:33:33] the potential in advancing just transition and would like to refer to
[02:33:36] transition and would like to refer to the AI for climate action initiative
[02:33:38] the AI for climate action initiative that our tech colleague uh mentioned
[02:33:41] that our tech colleague uh mentioned earlier in the scene setting
[02:33:43] earlier in the scene setting presentation. So this AI for climate
[02:33:45] presentation. So this AI for climate action initiative was established in
[02:33:47] action initiative was established in 2023 to explore and further use AI as a
[02:33:52] 2023 to explore and further use AI as a solution for scaling up transformative
[02:33:55] solution for scaling up transformative climate solutions especially with a
[02:33:57] climate solutions especially with a focus on LDC's and SIDS and Korea has
[02:34:01] focus on LDC's and SIDS and Korea has contributed to this initiatives through
[02:34:03] contributed to this initiatives through the Korea international um uh organiz uh
[02:34:08] the Korea international um uh organiz uh development agency and one example that
[02:34:12] development agency and one example that I would like to share in specific
[02:34:13] I would like to share in specific specific is uh there was a technological
[02:34:17] specific is uh there was a technological solution that was awarded the uh AI for
[02:34:20] solution that was awarded the uh AI for climate action award last year and it's
[02:34:24] climate action award last year and it's called Sapphir which is an acronym for
[02:34:27] called Sapphir which is an acronym for smart AI based farming and irrigation
[02:34:29] smart AI based farming and irrigation for resilience and this uh solution is
[02:34:33] for resilience and this uh solution is an a mobile application which uh has
[02:34:38] an a mobile application which uh has like agricultural and water management
[02:34:40] like agricultural and water management data and it informs the actual farmers
[02:34:44] data and it informs the actual farmers in uh developing countries in vulnerable
[02:34:47] in uh developing countries in vulnerable farming regions such as especially in
[02:34:50] farming regions such as especially in the context of the Lao PDR and it aims
[02:34:54] the context of the Lao PDR and it aims to provide AI based data integration and
[02:34:58] to provide AI based data integration and prediction so that these farmers can um
[02:35:01] prediction so that these farmers can um access knowledge about how to develop
[02:35:05] access knowledge about how to develop and plan their irrigation and farming
[02:35:07] and plan their irrigation and farming methods. And this is especially uh uh I
[02:35:12] methods. And this is especially uh uh I thought this was very unique because uh
[02:35:14] thought this was very unique because uh it takes into consideration the context
[02:35:17] it takes into consideration the context that most uh female farmers are in LA
[02:35:21] that most uh female farmers are in LA PDR have a low literacy rate. So this
[02:35:25] PDR have a low literacy rate. So this mobile application also provides some
[02:35:27] mobile application also provides some voice recognition services. So this
[02:35:29] voice recognition services. So this caters to the actual local needs of the
[02:35:32] caters to the actual local needs of the developing countries and the local
[02:35:34] developing countries and the local context. So I believe that uh making use
[02:35:38] context. So I believe that uh making use of uh making use of such technology and
[02:35:41] of uh making use of such technology and innovation can really drive uh just
[02:35:44] innovation can really drive uh just transition in especially in the context
[02:35:48] transition in especially in the context of food systems and agriculture. Thank
[02:35:50] of food systems and agriculture. Thank you.
[02:35:52] you. >> Thank you Republic of Korea. Uh next one
[02:35:56] >> Thank you Republic of Korea. Uh next one is online angle.
[02:36:00] >> Um thank you madame chair. I am Angel
[02:36:03] >> Um thank you madame chair. I am Angel Flores from Eno DCJ and I am from the
[02:36:08] Flores from Eno DCJ and I am from the NGO world animal protection. I wanted to
[02:36:12] NGO world animal protection. I wanted to make a contribution just to say and to
[02:36:14] make a contribution just to say and to add that innovation and technology
[02:36:17] add that innovation and technology development and transfer should be
[02:36:19] development and transfer should be grounded in technology justice
[02:36:22] grounded in technology justice principles and directed towards systemic
[02:36:25] principles and directed towards systemic transformation and not just incremental
[02:36:28] transformation and not just incremental efficiency gains. This means ensuring
[02:36:31] efficiency gains. This means ensuring that technologies are equitable,
[02:36:34] that technologies are equitable, accessible, inclusive, transparent and
[02:36:38] accessible, inclusive, transparent and accountable and that they are
[02:36:41] accountable and that they are co-designed or uh co-created with small
[02:36:45] co-designed or uh co-created with small holders uh and fishers, trans uh
[02:36:48] holders uh and fishers, trans uh indigenous peoples, women workers and
[02:36:51] indigenous peoples, women workers and frontline communities. Technology should
[02:36:54] frontline communities. Technology should also strengthen best practices already
[02:36:56] also strengthen best practices already seen in agroecology, diversified
[02:36:59] seen in agroecology, diversified farming, sustainable fisheries, circular
[02:37:02] farming, sustainable fisheries, circular systems and clean low emission
[02:37:04] systems and clean low emission production methods across the entire
[02:37:06] production methods across the entire food system. Um, priority should be
[02:37:10] food system. Um, priority should be given to opensource, publicly accessible
[02:37:13] given to opensource, publicly accessible and locally adapted solutions.
[02:37:16] and locally adapted solutions. Um and we see that these should also
[02:37:20] Um and we see that these should also enhance biodiversity,
[02:37:22] enhance biodiversity, livelihoods and animal welfare at that.
[02:37:26] livelihoods and animal welfare at that. Finally, technologies that entrench
[02:37:30] Finally, technologies that entrench dependency, exclusion or corporate
[02:37:32] dependency, exclusion or corporate control, particularly those that
[02:37:34] control, particularly those that reinforce high emission systems or rely
[02:37:38] reinforce high emission systems or rely on narrow efficiency gains should be
[02:37:40] on narrow efficiency gains should be avoided. And therefore there must be a a
[02:37:44] avoided. And therefore there must be a a an effort to distinguish between
[02:37:46] an effort to distinguish between transformative and extractive or
[02:37:49] transformative and extractive or exclusionary technologies to prevent
[02:37:52] exclusionary technologies to prevent locking in unjust pathways. Thank you
[02:37:55] locking in unjust pathways. Thank you madam chair.
[02:37:57] madam chair. >> Thank you angle. Uh next one is Saudi
[02:38:00] >> Thank you angle. Uh next one is Saudi Arabia.
[02:38:02] Arabia. Uh and followed by Russian Federation.
[02:38:05] Uh and followed by Russian Federation. uh and maybe we can close uh this uh
[02:38:08] uh and maybe we can close uh this uh question for to go to the next one
[02:38:10] question for to go to the next one after.
[02:38:13] after. >> Yeah, thank you. Thank you madam
[02:38:14] >> Yeah, thank you. Thank you madam facilitator.
[02:38:16] facilitator. Uh when it comes to innovation and techn
[02:38:19] Uh when it comes to innovation and techn technology deployment uh for Saudi
[02:38:21] technology deployment uh for Saudi Arabia we what we have done is that we
[02:38:23] Arabia we what we have done is that we have tied that with circularity uh
[02:38:26] have tied that with circularity uh practices and and clean production
[02:38:28] practices and and clean production methods. So in Saudi we have the
[02:38:31] methods. So in Saudi we have the circular carbon economy framework
[02:38:33] circular carbon economy framework approach as a holistic, inclusive,
[02:38:37] approach as a holistic, inclusive, pragmatic, comprehensive and
[02:38:39] pragmatic, comprehensive and cost-effective framework to address its
[02:38:42] cost-effective framework to address its long-term strategy
[02:38:44] long-term strategy uh for realizing its climate ambitions.
[02:38:48] uh for realizing its climate ambitions. The CCE or the circular carbon economy
[02:38:51] The CCE or the circular carbon economy is inclusive of all solutions,
[02:38:54] is inclusive of all solutions, technologies and GHGs, greenhouse gases,
[02:38:59] technologies and GHGs, greenhouse gases, all sorts of emissions and all sectors
[02:39:01] all sorts of emissions and all sectors of the economy. And to emphasize here,
[02:39:04] of the economy. And to emphasize here, the CCE tackles the emissions itself,
[02:39:08] the CCE tackles the emissions itself, not the source of it. By adopting
[02:39:12] not the source of it. By adopting the circular carbon economy uh
[02:39:16] the circular carbon economy uh framework, innovation is inherently
[02:39:18] framework, innovation is inherently stimulated across and it creates demands
[02:39:22] stimulated across and it creates demands for advanced technologies. This
[02:39:25] for advanced technologies. This acceleration of innovation not only
[02:39:27] acceleration of innovation not only improves the efficiency and
[02:39:30] improves the efficiency and effectiveness of carbon management but
[02:39:33] effectiveness of carbon management but also strengthens and makes sustainable
[02:39:37] also strengthens and makes sustainable value chains.
[02:39:39] value chains. thus delivering broader benefits across
[02:39:41] thus delivering broader benefits across sectors. In addition to building
[02:39:43] sectors. In addition to building resilient economy and a and a workforce,
[02:39:47] resilient economy and a and a workforce, the CCE
[02:39:49] the CCE introduces circularity of carbon in the
[02:39:52] introduces circularity of carbon in the economy, turning it from a wasteful
[02:39:55] economy, turning it from a wasteful byproduct
[02:39:56] byproduct to a valuable product that can support
[02:39:59] to a valuable product that can support economic growth. The CCE introduces
[02:40:02] economic growth. The CCE introduces circularity of carbon by transforming it
[02:40:05] circularity of carbon by transforming it by transforming CO2 from a wasteful
[02:40:08] by transforming CO2 from a wasteful byproduct into a valuable resource. For
[02:40:11] byproduct into a valuable resource. For example,
[02:40:12] example, captured CO2 can be used in the food and
[02:40:15] captured CO2 can be used in the food and beverage industry to carbonate products
[02:40:18] beverage industry to carbonate products such as soft drinks as well as food as
[02:40:21] such as soft drinks as well as food as well as in food uh preservation
[02:40:23] well as in food uh preservation processes thereby supporting economic
[02:40:26] processes thereby supporting economic growth, job stability and asurances
[02:40:28] growth, job stability and asurances while reducing emissions and
[02:40:30] while reducing emissions and strengthening a more sustainable value
[02:40:32] strengthening a more sustainable value chain. In this context, it's very
[02:40:35] chain. In this context, it's very important that to emphasize locally
[02:40:38] important that to emphasize locally adopted pathways and technologies are
[02:40:41] adopted pathways and technologies are key to achieving these ambitions. Thank
[02:40:44] key to achieving these ambitions. Thank you.
[02:40:47] you. >> Thank you. Saudi Arabia. And next one is
[02:40:49] >> Thank you. Saudi Arabia. And next one is Russian Federation.
[02:40:50] Russian Federation. >> Thank you. Implementing technologies and
[02:40:53] >> Thank you. Implementing technologies and uh production methods is uh essential
[02:40:55] uh production methods is uh essential for ensuring food security by increasing
[02:40:58] for ensuring food security by increasing productivity and uh adaptation capacity
[02:41:01] productivity and uh adaptation capacity of uh agricultural sector. It is
[02:41:04] of uh agricultural sector. It is essential to monitor the mineral
[02:41:06] essential to monitor the mineral composition of soils and apply advanced
[02:41:09] composition of soils and apply advanced sustainable practices. We combine uh we
[02:41:11] sustainable practices. We combine uh we combine AI technologies and remote
[02:41:14] combine AI technologies and remote sensing for analyzing and uh predicting
[02:41:17] sensing for analyzing and uh predicting soil fertility. Another example is the
[02:41:20] soil fertility. Another example is the application of methodology for
[02:41:23] application of methodology for integrated uh microbiological soil
[02:41:25] integrated uh microbiological soil assessment and uh correction uh that
[02:41:28] assessment and uh correction uh that allows us to identify over 1,000 uh
[02:41:32] allows us to identify over 1,000 uh species of bacteria. We also use uh
[02:41:35] species of bacteria. We also use uh advanced uh technologies to increase the
[02:41:38] advanced uh technologies to increase the adaptation capacity of agricultural
[02:41:41] adaptation capacity of agricultural sector. For instance, we establish uh
[02:41:44] sector. For instance, we establish uh multi-purpose product uh irradiation
[02:41:46] multi-purpose product uh irradiation centers for using it on seeds and uh
[02:41:49] centers for using it on seeds and uh food uh products to increase shelf life,
[02:41:53] food uh products to increase shelf life, prevent spillage and uh protect uh
[02:41:55] prevent spillage and uh protect uh against u insect uh pests. Uh Russian
[02:41:59] against u insect uh pests. Uh Russian agricultural producers use uh flying
[02:42:02] agricultural producers use uh flying drones to distribution of beneficial
[02:42:04] drones to distribution of beneficial insects across fields. Uh the solution
[02:42:07] insects across fields. Uh the solution helps uh reduce uh chemical load on uh
[02:42:10] helps uh reduce uh chemical load on uh soil and plants, cut greenhouse gas
[02:42:13] soil and plants, cut greenhouse gas emissions and increase uh agricultural
[02:42:16] emissions and increase uh agricultural uh resilience to climate change. Thank
[02:42:18] uh resilience to climate change. Thank you.
[02:42:20] you. >> Uh thank you Russian Federation. Uh
[02:42:23] >> Uh thank you Russian Federation. Uh before going to woman and gender, uh I
[02:42:26] before going to woman and gender, uh I would I
[02:42:28] would I seeing the Fiji hands uh online. I'm not
[02:42:31] seeing the Fiji hands uh online. I'm not sure if it's a old hand or a new one. Uh
[02:42:35] sure if it's a old hand or a new one. Uh can you hear us?
[02:42:37] can you hear us? >> Yes, I can facilitate can you hear me?
[02:42:40] >> Yes, I can facilitate can you hear me? >> Yes. Yes, please go ahead.
[02:42:42] >> Yes. Yes, please go ahead. >> Thank you. Um yes, this is a a new hand
[02:42:45] >> Thank you. Um yes, this is a a new hand for this discussion
[02:42:48] for this discussion uh session and in the interest of time
[02:42:50] uh session and in the interest of time I'll uh provide a collective response to
[02:42:53] I'll uh provide a collective response to the questions. For small island
[02:42:56] the questions. For small island developing states, access to climate
[02:42:58] developing states, access to climate resilient and context appropriate
[02:43:00] resilient and context appropriate technologies plays an important role in
[02:43:03] technologies plays an important role in strengthening adaptive capacity and
[02:43:05] strengthening adaptive capacity and supporting food security. This includes
[02:43:08] supporting food security. This includes technologies for climate smart
[02:43:09] technologies for climate smart agriculture, sustainable fisheries,
[02:43:12] agriculture, sustainable fisheries, early warning systems, and water
[02:43:13] early warning systems, and water management, which help communities
[02:43:15] management, which help communities better respond to climate risks. As
[02:43:17] better respond to climate risks. As others have said, ensuring these
[02:43:19] others have said, ensuring these technologies are accessible, affordable,
[02:43:22] technologies are accessible, affordable, and suited to local conditions is
[02:43:23] and suited to local conditions is critical, particularly for rural and
[02:43:26] critical, particularly for rural and coastal communities. Strengthening
[02:43:28] coastal communities. Strengthening partnerships with development partners
[02:43:29] partnerships with development partners and regional organizations can support
[02:43:32] and regional organizations can support technology transport and knowledge
[02:43:34] technology transport and knowledge sharing. For example, in Fiji,
[02:43:37] sharing. For example, in Fiji, integrating such technologies into
[02:43:39] integrating such technologies into national priorities and project
[02:43:40] national priorities and project pipelines helps to ensure they are
[02:43:42] pipelines helps to ensure they are scaled and linked to financing,
[02:43:45] scaled and linked to financing, supporting locally led solutions that
[02:43:47] supporting locally led solutions that enhance livelihoods and resilience.
[02:43:50] enhance livelihoods and resilience. Innovation and technology transfer can
[02:43:52] Innovation and technology transfer can support just transition pathways by
[02:43:54] support just transition pathways by improving productivity, reducing
[02:43:57] improving productivity, reducing emissions, and strengthening resilience
[02:43:59] emissions, and strengthening resilience across food systems. This includes
[02:44:02] across food systems. This includes promoting sustainable value chains,
[02:44:04] promoting sustainable value chains, climate smart practices, and resource
[02:44:06] climate smart practices, and resource efficient technologies in agriculture
[02:44:08] efficient technologies in agriculture and fisheries. To be effective,
[02:44:11] and fisheries. To be effective, innovation should be linked with
[02:44:12] innovation should be linked with capacity building and access to finance.
[02:44:15] capacity building and access to finance. Ensuring that communities are able to
[02:44:17] Ensuring that communities are able to adopt and maintain these technologies.
[02:44:20] adopt and maintain these technologies. Strengthening coordination between
[02:44:22] Strengthening coordination between government, private sector, and
[02:44:24] government, private sector, and development partners can also help to
[02:44:25] development partners can also help to scale these solutions for small island
[02:44:28] scale these solutions for small island developing states. Improving access,
[02:44:31] developing states. Improving access, predictability, and responsiveness of
[02:44:33] predictability, and responsiveness of climate finance remains critical,
[02:44:35] climate finance remains critical, including simplified access procedures,
[02:44:37] including simplified access procedures, strengthening direct access modalities,
[02:44:39] strengthening direct access modalities, and increasing grant-based concessional
[02:44:42] and increasing grant-based concessional financing. Also related to access for
[02:44:45] financing. Also related to access for technology transfer for enabling
[02:44:48] technology transfer for enabling technology transfer, regional
[02:44:50] technology transfer, regional cooperation through Pacific
[02:44:52] cooperation through Pacific institutions, for example, and the
[02:44:54] institutions, for example, and the integration of indigenous and
[02:44:55] integration of indigenous and traditional knowledge systems are also
[02:44:57] traditional knowledge systems are also essential. Innovative financing tools
[02:45:01] essential. Innovative financing tools such as blended finance, climate risk
[02:45:03] such as blended finance, climate risk insurance and risk sharing mechanisms
[02:45:05] insurance and risk sharing mechanisms are important to mobilize investment
[02:45:08] are important to mobilize investment into resilient food systems. Thank you.
[02:45:12] into resilient food systems. Thank you. >> Uh thank you Fiji. Uh so we have more
[02:45:16] >> Uh thank you Fiji. Uh so we have more three flags for this uh question. So I
[02:45:19] three flags for this uh question. So I will end up with Belgian
[02:45:22] will end up with Belgian uh and for us to to make it on time for
[02:45:25] uh and for us to to make it on time for the the last one. And uh so now women
[02:45:28] the the last one. And uh so now women and gender please uh go ahead.
[02:45:30] and gender please uh go ahead. >> Thank you so much uh co- facilitator. I
[02:45:33] >> Thank you so much uh co- facilitator. I would like to make some two points. The
[02:45:36] would like to make some two points. The first one when it comes to innovation I
[02:45:39] first one when it comes to innovation I think it's also uh relevant to talk
[02:45:41] think it's also uh relevant to talk about the frameworks in which this
[02:45:43] about the frameworks in which this innovation is established and here I
[02:45:46] innovation is established and here I would like to bring the point on
[02:45:48] would like to bring the point on intellectual property rights and as we
[02:45:52] intellectual property rights and as we were hearing as well from the
[02:45:53] were hearing as well from the presentation uh from the tech in terms
[02:45:55] presentation uh from the tech in terms of what technology means I think it's
[02:45:58] of what technology means I think it's important as well to see how this plays
[02:46:02] important as well to see how this plays an important role in determining who
[02:46:05] an important role in determining who controls, who access and who benefits
[02:46:09] controls, who access and who benefits from those innovations. And perhaps here
[02:46:12] from those innovations. And perhaps here just to make it more tangible, I can
[02:46:14] just to make it more tangible, I can bring the example of seeds. No. Um seeds
[02:46:17] bring the example of seeds. No. Um seeds is something where we have seen as well
[02:46:20] is something where we have seen as well how in the territories particular
[02:46:22] how in the territories particular indigenous people descendant people have
[02:46:26] indigenous people descendant people have um developed different alternatives to
[02:46:28] um developed different alternatives to preserve no different seeds that are
[02:46:32] preserve no different seeds that are also relevant for their territories. And
[02:46:34] also relevant for their territories. And what we have seen is the criminalization
[02:46:36] what we have seen is the criminalization of such initiatives like for example
[02:46:39] of such initiatives like for example seed banks and this has to do as well
[02:46:41] seed banks and this has to do as well with different um patents and
[02:46:44] with different um patents and intellectual property uh frameworks. So
[02:46:47] intellectual property uh frameworks. So I think that we need to put that as well
[02:46:50] I think that we need to put that as well um in yeah in in our radar on how uh
[02:46:56] um in yeah in in our radar on how uh such type of things or like plant
[02:46:58] such type of things or like plant variety protection can hinder and
[02:47:01] variety protection can hinder and restrict as well uh traditional
[02:47:03] restrict as well uh traditional practices uh when no bringing as well a
[02:47:07] practices uh when no bringing as well a connection with some of the topics that
[02:47:09] connection with some of the topics that we were talking yesterday such as
[02:47:11] we were talking yesterday such as indigenous knowledge, local community
[02:47:13] indigenous knowledge, local community solutions and so on. And the second one
[02:47:17] solutions and so on. And the second one um uh point that I would like to bring
[02:47:20] um uh point that I would like to bring is as well in terms of how these uh
[02:47:24] is as well in terms of how these uh innovative solutions are also currently
[02:47:28] innovative solutions are also currently being putting put it out uh to the world
[02:47:31] being putting put it out uh to the world and how these innovations that sometimes
[02:47:35] and how these innovations that sometimes are called like these but perhaps are in
[02:47:38] are called like these but perhaps are in the back end rather dangerous
[02:47:40] the back end rather dangerous destructions
[02:47:42] destructions um are being experimented and are being
[02:47:46] um are being experimented and are being puted into a trial um without
[02:47:49] puted into a trial um without considering uh truly the risk and also
[02:47:52] considering uh truly the risk and also without considering the free prior and
[02:47:54] without considering the free prior and informed consent when it comes to lands
[02:47:57] informed consent when it comes to lands when it comes to oceans. And here we can
[02:48:00] when it comes to oceans. And here we can uh also think about a tangible example
[02:48:03] uh also think about a tangible example such as ocean fertilization and other
[02:48:06] such as ocean fertilization and other geoengineering um alternatives that are
[02:48:09] geoengineering um alternatives that are starting to be tested uh particularly in
[02:48:12] starting to be tested uh particularly in the global south and particularly in
[02:48:14] the global south and particularly in indigenous and afroescendant uh
[02:48:17] indigenous and afroescendant uh territories. And this is something where
[02:48:19] territories. And this is something where I think that we are not uh being uh
[02:48:22] I think that we are not uh being uh careful about and that we need as well
[02:48:25] careful about and that we need as well uh to put or to shed some light on that
[02:48:28] uh to put or to shed some light on that when it comes um to innovation. No, I
[02:48:31] when it comes um to innovation. No, I think that uh innovation also has to
[02:48:34] think that uh innovation also has to consider um that it cannot um extend uh
[02:48:39] consider um that it cannot um extend uh the threats that uh are putting at risk
[02:48:43] the threats that uh are putting at risk uh life on on planet. Thank you.
[02:48:48] uh life on on planet. Thank you. Thank you. Woman and gender. Uh now
[02:48:50] Thank you. Woman and gender. Uh now Chad, please.
[02:49:01] >> Okay. Uh thank you. Uh I'm uh Muhammad.
[02:49:05] >> Okay. Uh thank you. Uh I'm uh Muhammad. I'm from Chad in Central African
[02:49:08] I'm from Chad in Central African countries.
[02:49:09] countries. uh just I want to say for for the
[02:49:12] uh just I want to say for for the countries like uh our country's chat uh
[02:49:17] countries like uh our country's chat uh technology is not just to develop like
[02:49:21] technology is not just to develop like an economy developing standard uh maybe
[02:49:25] an economy developing standard uh maybe but uh for us it's uh going to
[02:49:32] but uh for us it's uh going to that just to see it is a pathway for the
[02:49:36] that just to see it is a pathway for the vulnerable communities and in our
[02:49:38] vulnerable communities and in our context agriculture in pastoralism and
[02:49:41] context agriculture in pastoralism and uh rural resource are directly affected
[02:49:43] uh rural resource are directly affected by trust land degradation
[02:49:46] by trust land degradation uh and fluid and increasing climate
[02:49:48] uh and fluid and increasing climate vulnerability. that for this I want to
[02:49:51] vulnerability. that for this I want to say uh the just the just transition will
[02:49:55] say uh the just the just transition will will should priorities and uh climate
[02:49:59] will should priorities and uh climate finance capacity buildings uh locally
[02:50:03] finance capacity buildings uh locally adapted technology social protection
[02:50:06] adapted technology social protection youth and women participation and the
[02:50:09] youth and women participation and the stronger like between NDC implementation
[02:50:12] stronger like between NDC implementation food security and sustainable uh
[02:50:15] food security and sustainable uh livelihood that's is theatic I think is
[02:50:19] livelihood that's is theatic I think is most important important that you have
[02:50:21] most important important that you have to see and uh also uh we can look uh
[02:50:27] to see and uh also uh we can look uh like best practice uh sharing between
[02:50:31] like best practice uh sharing between the another countries have a
[02:50:33] the another countries have a similarities
[02:50:35] similarities uh institution you have a similar
[02:50:37] uh institution you have a similar realities uh from across the
[02:50:42] realities uh from across the Africa or maybe on on Asia or some
[02:50:46] Africa or maybe on on Asia or some countries you have a similar institution
[02:50:49] countries you have a similar institution or realities. That's thank you for these
[02:50:53] or realities. That's thank you for these opportunities. That's my uh French
[02:50:56] opportunities. That's my uh French speaker English that I'm going to to
[02:51:00] speaker English that I'm going to to mind in French and I'm going to
[02:51:03] mind in French and I'm going to translate in English before talking for
[02:51:05] translate in English before talking for you. Yeah. Thank you.
[02:51:08] you. Yeah. Thank you. >> Thank you. It was perfect. Thank you for
[02:51:10] >> Thank you. It was perfect. Thank you for your speech. So now uh Belgian please.
[02:51:14] your speech. So now uh Belgian please. Yeah.
[02:51:15] Yeah. >> Thank you. Um so clean renewable
[02:51:19] >> Thank you. Um so clean renewable technologies are a key enabler of
[02:51:20] technologies are a key enabler of sustainable food systems as food
[02:51:23] sustainable food systems as food production pro processing and
[02:51:24] production pro processing and distribution remain highly energy
[02:51:26] distribution remain highly energy intensive and largely dependent on
[02:51:28] intensive and largely dependent on fossil fuels. uh replacing fossil fuels
[02:51:31] fossil fuels. uh replacing fossil fuels with renewables such as solar, wind and
[02:51:34] with renewables such as solar, wind and smallcale hydropower can signific
[02:51:37] smallcale hydropower can signific significantly reduce emissions uh across
[02:51:40] significantly reduce emissions uh across the agri food value chain while
[02:51:42] the agri food value chain while strengthening resilience to climate
[02:51:44] strengthening resilience to climate shocks and energy price volatility which
[02:51:46] shocks and energy price volatility which we are experiencing uh right now. Um,
[02:51:50] we are experiencing uh right now. Um, renewable solutions already play a
[02:51:52] renewable solutions already play a crucial roles in areas such as solar
[02:51:55] crucial roles in areas such as solar ports, uh, irrigation, farm
[02:51:57] ports, uh, irrigation, farm electrification, coal storage and food
[02:52:00] electrification, coal storage and food processing. Um, helping to increase
[02:52:02] processing. Um, helping to increase productivity, reduce posth harvest
[02:52:04] productivity, reduce posth harvest losses and improve food security without
[02:52:07] losses and improve food security without undermining climate objectives. Um they
[02:52:11] undermining climate objectives. Um they also uh so clean renewable technologies
[02:52:14] also uh so clean renewable technologies also support a more uh circular and and
[02:52:16] also support a more uh circular and and just transition um uh to um to
[02:52:19] just transition um uh to um to sustainable food systems. Um the use of
[02:52:22] sustainable food systems. Um the use of of bio energy from agricultural residues
[02:52:25] of bio energy from agricultural residues and food waste. Uh renewable powered
[02:52:28] and food waste. Uh renewable powered agrop processing and decentralized
[02:52:30] agrop processing and decentralized energy solutions really enables uh u
[02:52:33] energy solutions really enables uh u local value creations and and supports
[02:52:36] local value creations and and supports rural livelihoods um uh and and quality
[02:52:39] rural livelihoods um uh and and quality jobs um notably for small holders and
[02:52:42] jobs um notably for small holders and and women farmers. Um and and by by
[02:52:46] and women farmers. Um and and by by improving access to affordable, reliable
[02:52:49] improving access to affordable, reliable and and clean energy technologies, um
[02:52:52] and and clean energy technologies, um renewables, clean energy, renewables
[02:52:55] renewables, clean energy, renewables contribute u not only to the
[02:52:57] contribute u not only to the decarbonization of of food system, but
[02:52:59] decarbonization of of food system, but also um to um to to inclusive uh
[02:53:04] also um to um to to inclusive uh development and and circularity.
[02:53:07] development and and circularity. Um that being said, so innovation uh
[02:53:10] Um that being said, so innovation uh must combine such technological
[02:53:12] must combine such technological solutions with nature-based and and
[02:53:14] solutions with nature-based and and agricological
[02:53:16] agricological uh approaches as as well as social
[02:53:18] uh approaches as as well as social innovations. Um and so just transition
[02:53:22] innovations. Um and so just transition pathways to to sustainable food systems
[02:53:24] pathways to to sustainable food systems depend critically on on context specific
[02:53:27] depend critically on on context specific innovation effective knowledge exchange
[02:53:30] innovation effective knowledge exchange and and farmer centered uptake of of uh
[02:53:33] and and farmer centered uptake of of uh of sustainable practices and and and and
[02:53:36] of sustainable practices and and and and clean technologies. Um so at at EU level
[02:53:40] clean technologies. Um so at at EU level um we we have a program uh under the
[02:53:44] um we we have a program uh under the Horizon Europe program uh for working
[02:53:46] Horizon Europe program uh for working with farmers um to see which
[02:53:48] with farmers um to see which technologies is is best for them. Uh it
[02:53:51] technologies is is best for them. Uh it promotes uh co-creation and real world
[02:53:54] promotes uh co-creation and real world experiment experimentation through
[02:53:56] experiment experimentation through multi-actor approaches and and living
[02:53:59] multi-actor approaches and and living labs. Farmers, advisers, researchers and
[02:54:02] labs. Farmers, advisers, researchers and and and local communities jointly
[02:54:04] and and local communities jointly develop and test solutions which lowers
[02:54:07] develop and test solutions which lowers transition risks, improves uptake and
[02:54:10] transition risks, improves uptake and helps ensure that sustainability
[02:54:12] helps ensure that sustainability transition do not disproportionately
[02:54:15] transition do not disproportionately disproportionately
[02:54:16] disproportionately burden small scale of or vulnerable uh
[02:54:19] burden small scale of or vulnerable uh producers and so um this makes
[02:54:21] producers and so um this makes innovation a practical enabler of of
[02:54:24] innovation a practical enabler of of just transitional food systems. Thanks.
[02:54:29] just transitional food systems. Thanks. Thank you Belgium. So now uh we are
[02:54:31] Thank you Belgium. So now uh we are running out of time. Uh so Argentina is
[02:54:34] running out of time. Uh so Argentina is this for the next question or for this
[02:54:36] this for the next question or for this one? For this one. So I will uh ask you
[02:54:40] one? For this one. So I will uh ask you to be very brief please. Uh because we
[02:54:43] to be very brief please. Uh because we are already uh out of time. So
[02:54:47] are already uh out of time. So uh can someone
[02:54:54] Thank you chair.
[02:54:57] Thank you chair. uh we would like to align with the point
[02:54:59] uh we would like to align with the point made regarding the scope of this
[02:55:01] made regarding the scope of this discussion under this topic on
[02:55:03] discussion under this topic on innovation technology transfer capacity
[02:55:06] innovation technology transfer capacity building and knowledge sharing. We
[02:55:08] building and knowledge sharing. We believe it is important to remain
[02:55:10] believe it is important to remain focused on supporting national
[02:55:12] focused on supporting national determined pathways taking into account
[02:55:15] determined pathways taking into account different national circumstances and
[02:55:17] different national circumstances and develop development priorities.
[02:55:20] develop development priorities. Introducing specific approaches such as
[02:55:23] Introducing specific approaches such as transitioning away from fossil fuels may
[02:55:26] transitioning away from fossil fuels may narrow the discussion and does not fully
[02:55:28] narrow the discussion and does not fully reflect the diversity of possible
[02:55:30] reflect the diversity of possible pathways available to countries. We
[02:55:33] pathways available to countries. We therefore believe it is important to
[02:55:35] therefore believe it is important to maintain a balanced inclusive and
[02:55:37] maintain a balanced inclusive and nonprescriptive exchange consistent with
[02:55:40] nonprescriptive exchange consistent with the agreed mandate. Thank you.
[02:55:44] the agreed mandate. Thank you. >> Thank you. Thank you for the for be very
[02:55:47] >> Thank you. Thank you for the for be very fast. So now we are going to go to the
[02:55:49] fast. So now we are going to go to the last one. So I I
[02:55:52] last one. So I I uh Moritus is this for this question or
[02:55:55] uh Moritus is this for this question or for the the third one?
[02:55:57] for the the third one? >> Third one.
[02:55:57] >> Third one. >> Oh okay. Thank you. So I uh ask you all
[02:56:00] >> Oh okay. Thank you. So I uh ask you all to be very brief in the in your last
[02:56:03] to be very brief in the in your last intervention for the next question so
[02:56:05] intervention for the next question so that we can uh go for the break. Uh and
[02:56:09] that we can uh go for the break. Uh and uh the last question is uh how can
[02:56:11] uh the last question is uh how can capacity building initiatives is
[02:56:13] capacity building initiatives is treating institutional and human
[02:56:15] treating institutional and human capacities to design and implement
[02:56:18] capacities to design and implement inclusive nationally determinate trust
[02:56:20] inclusive nationally determinate trust transition pathways that enhance food
[02:56:23] transition pathways that enhance food security. Uh can you show the the
[02:56:28] security. Uh can you show the the question uh please? Uh and uh I will
[02:56:31] question uh please? Uh and uh I will start with Burkina Faso because she's on
[02:56:33] start with Burkina Faso because she's on the list since the last one. Uh and then
[02:56:36] the list since the last one. Uh and then we can go with Maritus.
[02:56:38] we can go with Maritus. Bkinaaso, can you hear us?
[02:56:45] You hear us? No. So
[02:56:48] You hear us? No. So >> um yes, I can hear you. I can hear you.
[02:56:51] >> um yes, I can hear you. I can hear you. um a moment. I'll just find my document
[02:56:55] um a moment. I'll just find my document back.
[02:56:57] back. Just bear with me. Yes.
[02:57:01] Just bear with me. Yes. All right.
[02:57:04] All right. There questions. Yep.
[02:57:08] How capacity building initiative
[02:57:10] How capacity building initiative strengthen
[02:57:12] strengthen institutional and human capacity to
[02:57:15] institutional and human capacity to design and implement inclusive
[02:57:17] design and implement inclusive nationalationally determine just
[02:57:19] nationalationally determine just transition pathways enhance food
[02:57:22] transition pathways enhance food security.
[02:57:24] security. So from behalf of the LDC's capacity
[02:57:27] So from behalf of the LDC's capacity building is a core enabling condition
[02:57:30] building is a core enabling condition for just transition implementation
[02:57:32] for just transition implementation particularly and LDC's many countries
[02:57:35] particularly and LDC's many countries like lack uh sufficient skills
[02:57:38] like lack uh sufficient skills professionals to prepare bankable
[02:57:41] professionals to prepare bankable projects
[02:57:44] conduct impact assessment and meet
[02:57:48] conduct impact assessment and meet climate finance requirements.
[02:57:50] climate finance requirements. This directly constrain the ability to
[02:57:53] This directly constrain the ability to implement food system transformation and
[02:57:56] implement food system transformation and adaptation strategies. Strengthening
[02:57:59] adaptation strategies. Strengthening human and institutional capacities is
[02:58:02] human and institutional capacities is essential for designing national
[02:58:05] essential for designing national determined just transition pathways.
[02:58:08] determined just transition pathways. integrating food security, climate
[02:58:11] integrating food security, climate resilience and ecosystem
[02:58:13] resilience and ecosystem health into planning frameworks and
[02:58:16] health into planning frameworks and translating NDCS and NAPS into
[02:58:19] translating NDCS and NAPS into implementable and bestible ready
[02:58:22] implementable and bestible ready programs. Capacity building must be
[02:58:25] programs. Capacity building must be roadbased and cross- sectoral and not
[02:58:29] roadbased and cross- sectoral and not limited to energy or technical experts
[02:58:32] limited to energy or technical experts but extend to agriculture, fisheries,
[02:58:36] but extend to agriculture, fisheries, force system and informal sector.
[02:58:38] force system and informal sector. There's agent
[02:58:40] There's agent of our economies. Workers and
[02:58:43] of our economies. Workers and communities must be sensit sensitized to
[02:58:48] communities must be sensit sensitized to climate risk and equipped to plan for
[02:58:51] climate risk and equipped to plan for future transition. Key priorities
[02:58:54] future transition. Key priorities include implementation, implementing
[02:58:57] include implementation, implementing capacity building activities already
[02:59:00] capacity building activities already embedded in national plans, supporting
[02:59:05] embedded in national plans, supporting understanding and use of climate finance
[02:59:07] understanding and use of climate finance and technology platforms.
[02:59:10] and technology platforms. strengthening skills for project
[02:59:12] strengthening skills for project preparation, data analyszis and adapting
[02:59:16] preparation, data analyszis and adapting plannings and building awareness among
[02:59:19] plannings and building awareness among communities and climate risk and
[02:59:22] communities and climate risk and tradition transition opportunities.
[02:59:24] tradition transition opportunities. Capacity building should also empower
[02:59:28] Capacity building should also empower local actors to understand critical
[02:59:31] local actors to understand critical minerals and value chain supply chains
[02:59:33] minerals and value chain supply chains relevant to uh transition engaging in
[02:59:37] relevant to uh transition engaging in locally led research and innovation
[02:59:40] locally led research and innovation partnership and avoid extractive model
[02:59:43] partnership and avoid extractive model by ensuring equitable and knowledge
[02:59:46] by ensuring equitable and knowledge share sharing collaboration. my country
[02:59:49] share sharing collaboration. my country in Burkinaasa. So for instance we have
[02:59:52] in Burkinaasa. So for instance we have developed with our experts technologies
[02:59:56] developed with our experts technologies that to process our minerals that we
[02:59:58] that to process our minerals that we have shared with the uh Brazil those saf
[03:00:02] have shared with the uh Brazil those saf and triangular cooperation is also uh
[03:00:06] and triangular cooperation is also uh need to be taken into account and has we
[03:00:09] need to be taken into account and has we in our topic of today. Finally,
[03:00:12] in our topic of today. Finally, capacity building must be supported by
[03:00:15] capacity building must be supported by international cooperation and readiness
[03:00:18] international cooperation and readiness support. Financial mechanism should be
[03:00:21] support. Financial mechanism should be accompanied by readiness assistance that
[03:00:25] accompanied by readiness assistance that does not create additional burdens.
[03:00:28] does not create additional burdens. Without predictable finance, technology
[03:00:30] Without predictable finance, technology access and essential strengthening
[03:00:34] access and essential strengthening just transition pathways is and food
[03:00:37] just transition pathways is and food system cannot be efficiently
[03:00:39] system cannot be efficiently implemented. In conclusion, we would
[03:00:42] implemented. In conclusion, we would like to share the Mira Bkindi coalition
[03:00:44] like to share the Mira Bkindi coalition on capacity building adopted by the COP
[03:00:48] on capacity building adopted by the COP decision by the Paris Committee on
[03:00:49] decision by the Paris Committee on Capacity Building Act on two tracks
[03:00:53] Capacity Building Act on two tracks adaptation and just transition. our uh
[03:00:56] adaptation and just transition. our uh topic on the dialogue on the fifth
[03:00:58] topic on the dialogue on the fifth dialogue today and uh we are willing to
[03:01:02] dialogue today and uh we are willing to support uh the uh the country-led
[03:01:05] support uh the uh the country-led platform uh to support with management
[03:01:09] platform uh to support with management toolkit for formalizing the informal
[03:01:11] toolkit for formalizing the informal sector and those tools are already fit
[03:01:14] sector and those tools are already fit for purpose and already proven with
[03:01:17] for purpose and already proven with track records and Brookina Faso and we
[03:01:20] track records and Brookina Faso and we would like to uh have it reflected as
[03:01:23] would like to uh have it reflected as well in the support uh to share expert
[03:01:26] well in the support uh to share expert in the sharing expertise. Thank you very
[03:01:28] in the sharing expertise. Thank you very much madame share. Back to you.
[03:01:32] much madame share. Back to you. >> Thank you Burkinaaso. Uh so next one is
[03:01:35] >> Thank you Burkinaaso. Uh so next one is Moritus.
[03:01:44] >> Thank you Madame Chair. Uh
[03:01:47] >> Thank you Madame Chair. Uh capacity building is not uh a supporting
[03:01:50] capacity building is not uh a supporting element. It is a strategic enabler of
[03:01:53] element. It is a strategic enabler of nationally determined just transition
[03:01:55] nationally determined just transition pathway to food security.
[03:01:58] pathway to food security. At the institutional level, it
[03:02:00] At the institutional level, it strengthen the ability of governments to
[03:02:02] strengthen the ability of governments to design coherent cross- sectoral policies
[03:02:05] design coherent cross- sectoral policies that integrate food systems with climate
[03:02:08] that integrate food systems with climate development and social inclusion
[03:02:10] development and social inclusion agendas.
[03:02:11] agendas. For Maitius, this means enhancing
[03:02:14] For Maitius, this means enhancing coordination across ministries,
[03:02:16] coordination across ministries, improving data systems, and building the
[03:02:19] improving data systems, and building the technical expertise required to access
[03:02:22] technical expertise required to access and effectively deploy climate finance
[03:02:26] and effectively deploy climate finance at the human level. Capacity building
[03:02:29] at the human level. Capacity building ensures that transition is inclusive and
[03:02:32] ensures that transition is inclusive and locally owned. Empowering farmers, fish
[03:02:36] locally owned. Empowering farmers, fish fisher folk, women, youth with the
[03:02:39] fisher folk, women, youth with the skills to adop adapt climate resilient
[03:02:41] skills to adop adapt climate resilient practices translates national strategies
[03:02:45] practices translates national strategies into real on the ground impact.
[03:02:50] into real on the ground impact. International cooperation remains
[03:02:52] International cooperation remains essential.
[03:02:53] essential. Capacity building can be scaled via
[03:02:56] Capacity building can be scaled via technical assistance. institutional
[03:02:58] technical assistance. institutional strengthening and knowledge exchange.
[03:03:01] strengthening and knowledge exchange. To conclude, if we want to achieve
[03:03:04] To conclude, if we want to achieve inclusive nationally determined just
[03:03:06] inclusive nationally determined just transitions, we must invest not only in
[03:03:09] transitions, we must invest not only in systems but in the institutions and
[03:03:12] systems but in the institutions and people who lead them. Thank you.
[03:03:16] people who lead them. Thank you. >> Thank you, Mauritus. Uh so next one is
[03:03:19] >> Thank you, Mauritus. Uh so next one is Saudi Arabia. Please go ahead.
[03:03:22] Saudi Arabia. Please go ahead. Oh, we you're on the list.
[03:03:28] Um, thank you. Thank you, madame
[03:03:30] Um, thank you. Thank you, madame facilitator. Uh, I'd like to uh echo the
[03:03:34] facilitator. Uh, I'd like to uh echo the distinguished delegate uh from Argentina
[03:03:36] distinguished delegate uh from Argentina that we we have seen um some un
[03:03:40] that we we have seen um some un unrelated interventions when it comes to
[03:03:42] unrelated interventions when it comes to the energy systems and the mentions of
[03:03:44] the energy systems and the mentions of fossil fuels. Actually, they're contrary
[03:03:46] fossil fuels. Actually, they're contrary to the obligations under the convention.
[03:03:49] to the obligations under the convention. Um if we take a look at uh decision 5
[03:03:53] Um if we take a look at uh decision 5 CP7 and I would like that I think that
[03:03:55] CP7 and I would like that I think that decision is very relevant and important
[03:03:57] decision is very relevant and important both to the paragraphs um sorry to the
[03:04:01] both to the paragraphs um sorry to the questions two and three. So that my
[03:04:03] questions two and three. So that my points I would like them to be included
[03:04:05] points I would like them to be included under both questions question two and
[03:04:06] under both questions question two and three. So if we take a look at uh
[03:04:10] three. So if we take a look at uh decision 5 CP7
[03:04:13] decision 5 CP7 um we can take a look at paragraph 26
[03:04:17] um we can take a look at paragraph 26 which everyone here in this room agreed
[03:04:19] which everyone here in this room agreed on. It says encourages parties to
[03:04:21] on. It says encourages parties to cooperate in the development, diffusion
[03:04:24] cooperate in the development, diffusion and transfer of less greenhouse gas
[03:04:27] and transfer of less greenhouse gas emitting advanced fossil fuel
[03:04:29] emitting advanced fossil fuel technologies and/or technologies related
[03:04:31] technologies and/or technologies related to fossil fuels that capture and store
[03:04:35] to fossil fuels that capture and store greenhouse gases and requests
[03:04:38] greenhouse gases and requests annex two parties to facilitate the
[03:04:40] annex two parties to facilitate the participation of the least developing
[03:04:43] participation of the least developing least developed countries and other
[03:04:45] least developed countries and other non-anx one parties in this effort. Um,
[03:04:50] non-anx one parties in this effort. Um, paragraph 7
[03:04:52] paragraph 7 reads, urges annex 2 parties to provide
[03:04:56] reads, urges annex 2 parties to provide financial and technological support,
[03:04:59] financial and technological support, strengthening the capa the the capacity
[03:05:02] strengthening the capa the the capacity of developing countries identified in
[03:05:04] of developing countries identified in article 4 paragraphs 8 and nine of the
[03:05:08] article 4 paragraphs 8 and nine of the convention for improving the for
[03:05:11] convention for improving the for improving efficiency in upstream and
[03:05:13] improving efficiency in upstream and downstream activities relating to fossil
[03:05:15] downstream activities relating to fossil fuels. taking into consideration the
[03:05:18] fuels. taking into consideration the need to improvement of the uh the the
[03:05:21] need to improvement of the uh the the need to improve the environmental
[03:05:24] need to improve the environmental efficiency of these activities. So we
[03:05:27] efficiency of these activities. So we can we can see here that um there is a
[03:05:31] can we can see here that um there is a need for transfer of these technologies
[03:05:34] need for transfer of these technologies from devel from developed countries.
[03:05:36] from devel from developed countries. They can we we cannot just accept
[03:05:39] They can we we cannot just accept imposing a top-down pathway and for just
[03:05:43] imposing a top-down pathway and for just transition for the capacity building
[03:05:45] transition for the capacity building where some countries they could have
[03:05:47] where some countries they could have certain pathways they need capacity
[03:05:49] certain pathways they need capacity building technology transfer in these
[03:05:52] building technology transfer in these pathways uh that are relevant to the
[03:05:55] pathways uh that are relevant to the agricultural sectors and human capital
[03:05:57] agricultural sectors and human capital and and and and the workers. So these
[03:06:00] and and and and the workers. So these are very very important aspects to to
[03:06:02] are very very important aspects to to keep in mind and I'd like to mention uh
[03:06:05] keep in mind and I'd like to mention uh again the decision is 5CP7.
[03:06:08] again the decision is 5CP7. Uh and I'd like to stick I'd like for us
[03:06:10] Uh and I'd like to stick I'd like for us and encourage everyone here to have the
[03:06:13] and encourage everyone here to have the conversation around what is relevant uh
[03:06:15] conversation around what is relevant uh to the mandate of this uh uh breakout
[03:06:18] to the mandate of this uh uh breakout group and the mandate of this agenda
[03:06:21] group and the mandate of this agenda item. Thank you madame madam
[03:06:23] item. Thank you madame madam facilitator.
[03:06:25] facilitator. >> Thank you Saudi Arabia. Uh I will uh we
[03:06:28] >> Thank you Saudi Arabia. Uh I will uh we do not have much time so I will have I
[03:06:30] do not have much time so I will have I will ask you all to be brief in the next
[03:06:32] will ask you all to be brief in the next interventions. Uh and the next one is
[03:06:35] interventions. Uh and the next one is Russian Federation. Thank you. So as
[03:06:39] Russian Federation. Thank you. So as climate change possess uh new risks to
[03:06:42] climate change possess uh new risks to agricultural sector, capacity building
[03:06:44] agricultural sector, capacity building initiatives are crucial for providing
[03:06:46] initiatives are crucial for providing workers and uh local communities with
[03:06:49] workers and uh local communities with knowledge about climate change and uh
[03:06:51] knowledge about climate change and uh its uh impact on the on food systems as
[03:06:55] its uh impact on the on food systems as well as possible ways to minimize uh
[03:06:57] well as possible ways to minimize uh negative uh effects. uh Russian
[03:07:00] negative uh effects. uh Russian companies are actively engaged in uh
[03:07:02] companies are actively engaged in uh developing uh educational and uh
[03:07:05] developing uh educational and uh training programs for workers, local
[03:07:07] training programs for workers, local communities and uh students. uh a joint
[03:07:10] communities and uh students. uh a joint uh educational platform called Pro
[03:07:12] uh educational platform called Pro Agrotorium developed by the agricultural
[03:07:16] Agrotorium developed by the agricultural companies from the BRIRCS countries for
[03:07:18] companies from the BRIRCS countries for students uh agricultural producers and
[03:07:21] students uh agricultural producers and uh employees contains over 400 lectures
[03:07:25] uh employees contains over 400 lectures and uh 18 education courses with uh
[03:07:28] and uh 18 education courses with uh available in multiple languages. uh and
[03:07:31] available in multiple languages. uh and uh the program is uh integrated into uh
[03:07:34] uh the program is uh integrated into uh 47 agricultural universities across
[03:07:36] 47 agricultural universities across Russia and uh uh offers a wide variety
[03:07:40] Russia and uh uh offers a wide variety of lectures including building
[03:07:41] of lectures including building resilience to climate change by uh
[03:07:44] resilience to climate change by uh adopting conservation agriculture in the
[03:07:46] adopting conservation agriculture in the small holder farming system or carbon
[03:07:48] small holder farming system or carbon carbon sequestration and uh soil
[03:07:51] carbon sequestration and uh soil governance. uh these and uh many other
[03:07:54] governance. uh these and uh many other technologies are listed uh in the
[03:07:56] technologies are listed uh in the compendium of technological solutions of
[03:07:59] compendium of technological solutions of the Russian Federation that was prepared
[03:08:01] the Russian Federation that was prepared by the ministry of economic development
[03:08:04] by the ministry of economic development of uh our country. Uh and uh the main
[03:08:07] of uh our country. Uh and uh the main idea of this uh compendium is to present
[03:08:10] idea of this uh compendium is to present uh partner countries projects that uh
[03:08:13] uh partner countries projects that uh contribute to a balanced economy, social
[03:08:16] contribute to a balanced economy, social and uh ecological development and uh
[03:08:18] and uh ecological development and uh could be implemented abroad. Thank you.
[03:08:22] could be implemented abroad. Thank you. Thank you. Russia Federation and the
[03:08:24] Thank you. Russia Federation and the next one uh no I think the Republican
[03:08:26] next one uh no I think the Republican the Domin
[03:08:29] the Domin >> uh Dominican Republic please go ahead.
[03:08:32] >> uh Dominican Republic please go ahead. >> Thank you. Thank you so much.
[03:08:34] >> Thank you. Thank you so much. >> Well for the Dominican Republic
[03:08:36] >> Well for the Dominican Republic strengthening institutional and human
[03:08:38] strengthening institutional and human capacity is central to designing and
[03:08:40] capacity is central to designing and implementing inclusive nationally
[03:08:42] implementing inclusive nationally determined just transition pathways then
[03:08:45] determined just transition pathways then that enhance food security for for this
[03:08:47] that enhance food security for for this context. Capacity building is not
[03:08:50] context. Capacity building is not something that is complimementaryary as
[03:08:51] something that is complimementaryary as other has have said and I would like to
[03:08:54] other has have said and I would like to add that it is not even something that
[03:08:56] add that it is not even something that is adjacent as sometimes it's considered
[03:08:58] is adjacent as sometimes it's considered in these conversations and it's not even
[03:09:00] in these conversations and it's not even optative it's something that it's it's a
[03:09:03] optative it's something that it's it's a foundational requirement to translate
[03:09:05] foundational requirement to translate ambition into effective and equitable
[03:09:07] ambition into effective and equitable action at an institutional level
[03:09:10] action at an institutional level capacity building should support
[03:09:12] capacity building should support government approaches that bridge
[03:09:13] government approaches that bridge climate agriculture fisheries social
[03:09:16] climate agriculture fisheries social protection and econom economic
[03:09:18] protection and econom economic development as well as planning.
[03:09:21] development as well as planning. Strengthening coordination across
[03:09:22] Strengthening coordination across ministries in the case of the Dominican
[03:09:24] ministries in the case of the Dominican Republic is very relevant to note one
[03:09:26] Republic is very relevant to note one key example of our governing of climate
[03:09:28] key example of our governing of climate change. I work for the National Council
[03:09:30] change. I work for the National Council of Climate Change and the we are an
[03:09:34] of Climate Change and the we are an operating entity but in the in the
[03:09:38] operating entity but in the in the formation of the institution we have
[03:09:41] formation of the institution we have representation across all of the
[03:09:42] representation across all of the ministry that are relevant and that is
[03:09:44] ministry that are relevant and that is the finance ministry, agriculture,
[03:09:47] the finance ministry, agriculture, ministry of environment and so forth.
[03:09:48] ministry of environment and so forth. They are all members of the council and
[03:09:50] They are all members of the council and they play a a key role and so that
[03:09:53] they play a a key role and so that supports our work into improving data
[03:09:55] supports our work into improving data systems and enhancing planning processes
[03:09:57] systems and enhancing planning processes which are essential to ensure that
[03:09:59] which are essential to ensure that policies are coherent, evident-based and
[03:10:02] policies are coherent, evident-based and responsive to the interconnected nature
[03:10:05] responsive to the interconnected nature of climate risks and food systems. At a
[03:10:08] of climate risks and food systems. At a human level, investment in skill and
[03:10:10] human level, investment in skill and knowledge are obviously equally
[03:10:12] knowledge are obviously equally critical. The Ministry of Industry and
[03:10:14] critical. The Ministry of Industry and Commerce in the Dominican Republic is
[03:10:16] Commerce in the Dominican Republic is developing initiatives aimed at small
[03:10:18] developing initiatives aimed at small and medium enterprises which require
[03:10:21] and medium enterprises which require access to training, extension services,
[03:10:23] access to training, extension services, and technical assistance and participate
[03:10:26] and technical assistance and participate in sustainable value chains. Building
[03:10:28] in sustainable value chains. Building these capacities enables not only
[03:10:30] these capacities enables not only adaptation but actively shape transition
[03:10:33] adaptation but actively shape transition pathways that reflect the realities and
[03:10:35] pathways that reflect the realities and priorities. Capacity building must also
[03:10:38] priorities. Capacity building must also prioritize inclusion and equity. some of
[03:10:41] prioritize inclusion and equity. some of the aspects that we discussed yesterday.
[03:10:42] the aspects that we discussed yesterday. For example, the need for women, youth,
[03:10:44] For example, the need for women, youth, and vulnerable rural communities that
[03:10:47] and vulnerable rural communities that often face the structural barriers to
[03:10:49] often face the structural barriers to accessing not only finance but also
[03:10:52] accessing not only finance but also knowledge and participation in the
[03:10:54] knowledge and participation in the decision-making processes. Targeted
[03:10:56] decision-making processes. Targeted efforts are needed to ensure that these
[03:10:58] efforts are needed to ensure that these groups are empowered as agents of change
[03:11:01] groups are empowered as agents of change rather than passive beneficiaries.
[03:11:04] rather than passive beneficiaries. Furthermore, strengthening capacities
[03:11:05] Furthermore, strengthening capacities for climate finance access and
[03:11:07] for climate finance access and management is essential. Enhancing the
[03:11:10] management is essential. Enhancing the ability of national and local
[03:11:12] ability of national and local institutions to develop bankable
[03:11:13] institutions to develop bankable projects, navigate international funding
[03:11:15] projects, navigate international funding mechanisms, and effectively implement
[03:11:17] mechanisms, and effectively implement and monitor programs will help unlock
[03:11:20] and monitor programs will help unlock the resources needed to scale JH
[03:11:22] the resources needed to scale JH transition efforts. Ultimately, building
[03:11:25] transition efforts. Ultimately, building capacity is about enabling countries
[03:11:27] capacity is about enabling countries like the Dominican Republic to move from
[03:11:29] like the Dominican Republic to move from fragmented interventions to integrated,
[03:11:32] fragmented interventions to integrated, locally led, and sustainable
[03:11:33] locally led, and sustainable transformation pathways. It's about
[03:11:35] transformation pathways. It's about ensuring that institutions can
[03:11:37] ensuring that institutions can coordinate effectively and that people
[03:11:39] coordinate effectively and that people have the skills, resources, and agency
[03:11:42] have the skills, resources, and agency to secure their livelihoods and
[03:11:43] to secure their livelihoods and strengthen food security in a changing
[03:11:45] strengthen food security in a changing climate. Thank you.
[03:11:48] climate. Thank you. >> Uh thank you uh Republic Dominica. Um
[03:11:54] >> Uh thank you uh Republic Dominica. Um uh the next one is UK. Please go ahead.
[03:11:57] uh the next one is UK. Please go ahead. >> Thank you very much facilitator.
[03:12:01] >> Thank you very much facilitator. Um so to to start with answering kind of
[03:12:04] Um so to to start with answering kind of various questions in in combination
[03:12:05] various questions in in combination implementation of just transitions is is
[03:12:08] implementation of just transitions is is shaped by access to technology capacity
[03:12:10] shaped by access to technology capacity building policy coherence and enabling
[03:12:13] building policy coherence and enabling environments that allow sustainable
[03:12:15] environments that allow sustainable practices to be scaled.
[03:12:17] practices to be scaled. Addressing these structural barriers
[03:12:19] Addressing these structural barriers alongside mobilizing finance is
[03:12:21] alongside mobilizing finance is essential to ensure that investments
[03:12:23] essential to ensure that investments translate into real inclusive and
[03:12:25] translate into real inclusive and lasting transformation in agriculture
[03:12:28] lasting transformation in agriculture and and oceans. So capacity building is
[03:12:31] and and oceans. So capacity building is is clearly an important component of
[03:12:32] is clearly an important component of supporting and enabling the
[03:12:34] supporting and enabling the implementation of just transitions and
[03:12:37] implementation of just transitions and that can be building capacity at various
[03:12:38] that can be building capacity at various levels of government to in implement um
[03:12:41] levels of government to in implement um adaptation action or or emissions
[03:12:42] adaptation action or or emissions reduction with with just transition
[03:12:44] reduction with with just transition considerations integrated and the UK uh
[03:12:49] considerations integrated and the UK uh supports provides support in including
[03:12:51] supports provides support in including capacity building bilaterally and and
[03:12:53] capacity building bilaterally and and through various multilateral
[03:12:54] through various multilateral organizations and and aims to do this by
[03:12:57] organizations and and aims to do this by uh by integrating just transition
[03:12:59] uh by integrating just transition considerations in support. So for
[03:13:02] considerations in support. So for example, the uh CGI is the world's
[03:13:06] example, the uh CGI is the world's leading agricultural and food science
[03:13:08] leading agricultural and food science and innovation organization. Its mission
[03:13:11] and innovation organization. Its mission is to deliver science and innovations
[03:13:12] is to deliver science and innovations that advance the transformational food,
[03:13:15] that advance the transformational food, land, and water systems, delivering
[03:13:17] land, and water systems, delivering cutting edge technology and
[03:13:19] cutting edge technology and evidence-based solutions to identify and
[03:13:22] evidence-based solutions to identify and tackle major challenges in the food
[03:13:23] tackle major challenges in the food system. And the UK provides support to
[03:13:25] system. And the UK provides support to CGI which includes helping to develop
[03:13:29] CGI which includes helping to develop crop varieties that are more productive,
[03:13:31] crop varieties that are more productive, climate tolerant and nutritious, more
[03:13:34] climate tolerant and nutritious, more sustainable, resilient and productive
[03:13:36] sustainable, resilient and productive agriculture and also evidence that
[03:13:38] agriculture and also evidence that supports the empowerment of women and
[03:13:41] supports the empowerment of women and girls.
[03:13:42] girls. We also wanted to highlight in in the
[03:13:44] We also wanted to highlight in in the context of of these broader discussions
[03:13:47] context of of these broader discussions uh the the kind of number of UNF
[03:13:49] uh the the kind of number of UNF constituted bodies and processes whether
[03:13:51] constituted bodies and processes whether that's the the KCI the Paris committee
[03:13:53] that's the the KCI the Paris committee on capacity building and the tech as as
[03:13:55] on capacity building and the tech as as as our colleague presented on earlier
[03:13:58] as our colleague presented on earlier which which all provide whether it's
[03:14:00] which which all provide whether it's information or support kind of
[03:14:01] information or support kind of strengthening evidence and and access to
[03:14:03] strengthening evidence and and access to information in relation to just
[03:14:04] information in relation to just transitions and and it's important we
[03:14:06] transitions and and it's important we maximize those synergies across
[03:14:08] maximize those synergies across processes and bodies. Finally, I also
[03:14:11] processes and bodies. Finally, I also want to build on on the examples brought
[03:14:14] want to build on on the examples brought forward by others regarding uh how
[03:14:16] forward by others regarding uh how increasing deployment of renewable
[03:14:18] increasing deployment of renewable energy infrastructure benefits economic
[03:14:20] energy infrastructure benefits economic and food security and and also
[03:14:24] and food security and and also specifically colleagues have said issues
[03:14:25] specifically colleagues have said issues relating to energy are not relevant in
[03:14:27] relating to energy are not relevant in this dialogue and and I wanted to
[03:14:29] this dialogue and and I wanted to respond to that point very specifically
[03:14:31] respond to that point very specifically because I think the link between the
[03:14:32] because I think the link between the energy industry and agricultural food
[03:14:35] energy industry and agricultural food security and the ocean is is very very
[03:14:38] security and the ocean is is very very clear. to elaborate um and to and to use
[03:14:41] clear. to elaborate um and to and to use an example specifically in the UK um we
[03:14:44] an example specifically in the UK um we when energy prices spike and there are
[03:14:46] when energy prices spike and there are severe energy s shortages this drives
[03:14:48] severe energy s shortages this drives inflation including in relation to food
[03:14:50] inflation including in relation to food and fertilizers and transport shipping
[03:14:52] and fertilizers and transport shipping costs which constrains economic growth
[03:14:55] costs which constrains economic growth and ultimately impacts workers and
[03:14:57] and ultimately impacts workers and communities and risks food security and
[03:14:59] communities and risks food security and and that's not just a story in the UK
[03:15:01] and that's not just a story in the UK it's a it's a story across the world and
[03:15:03] it's a it's a story across the world and the UK's approach to to economic
[03:15:05] the UK's approach to to economic transitions and and economic growth
[03:15:07] transitions and and economic growth includes the central role of offshore
[03:15:09] includes the central role of offshore wind in relation to oceanbased
[03:15:11] wind in relation to oceanbased mitigation action in line with
[03:15:13] mitigation action in line with paragraphs 28 and 35 of the GSD. And I'd
[03:15:17] paragraphs 28 and 35 of the GSD. And I'd also remind colleagues referring to
[03:15:18] also remind colleagues referring to mandates. This is a CMA agenda item. So
[03:15:20] mandates. This is a CMA agenda item. So it's it's clear where our priorities
[03:15:22] it's it's clear where our priorities should be on the latest and most
[03:15:24] should be on the latest and most relevant mandates. And it's important
[03:15:26] relevant mandates. And it's important there that this work program considers
[03:15:28] there that this work program considers issues relating to the energy transition
[03:15:31] issues relating to the energy transition as it integrates the outcome of the
[03:15:32] as it integrates the outcome of the global stocktake which we have a clear
[03:15:34] global stocktake which we have a clear mandate to do from paragraph eight of
[03:15:36] mandate to do from paragraph eight of our decision last year. Thank you.
[03:15:39] our decision last year. Thank you. >> Uh thank you. UK uh the next one woman
[03:15:42] >> Uh thank you. UK uh the next one woman woman and gender please.
[03:15:49] >> Thank you so much. Um I would like uh to
[03:15:52] >> Thank you so much. Um I would like uh to make a point on thinking as well uh the
[03:15:56] make a point on thinking as well uh the conversations that we are going to have
[03:15:58] conversations that we are going to have in terms of of the mechanism this year
[03:16:01] in terms of of the mechanism this year and how the mechanism as well can be an
[03:16:04] and how the mechanism as well can be an avenue to then respond to exactly that
[03:16:08] avenue to then respond to exactly that need that we are hearing from parties in
[03:16:10] need that we are hearing from parties in terms of capacity building and kind of
[03:16:14] terms of capacity building and kind of identifying and reaching as well uh
[03:16:17] identifying and reaching as well uh different alternatives and and
[03:16:19] different alternatives and and technologies and I I think that um
[03:16:22] technologies and I I think that um thinking about the mechanism as having a
[03:16:25] thinking about the mechanism as having a support function for example as a pillar
[03:16:29] support function for example as a pillar that can ensure that non-financial
[03:16:32] that can ensure that non-financial support such as capacity building where
[03:16:36] support such as capacity building where the different best practices
[03:16:38] the different best practices methodologies can be shared and then can
[03:16:41] methodologies can be shared and then can also be replicated across countries
[03:16:43] also be replicated across countries enabling that technology transferred and
[03:16:46] enabling that technology transferred and the availability of them by having as
[03:16:50] the availability of them by having as well. Perhaps a process of identifying
[03:16:53] well. Perhaps a process of identifying which are those different technical
[03:16:57] which are those different technical avenues and then how the mechanism can
[03:17:00] avenues and then how the mechanism can help in a sort of matchmaking. No, like
[03:17:04] help in a sort of matchmaking. No, like uh to connect uh those needs uh and
[03:17:07] uh to connect uh those needs uh and those technical avenues with the needs
[03:17:09] those technical avenues with the needs of different countries to assist in that
[03:17:12] of different countries to assist in that ways uh parties while they are shaping
[03:17:16] ways uh parties while they are shaping um the transition pathways. No, in terms
[03:17:19] um the transition pathways. No, in terms of uh which are the different tools that
[03:17:21] of uh which are the different tools that are available, which are the different
[03:17:23] are available, which are the different um opportunities that can happen uh in a
[03:17:28] um opportunities that can happen uh in a way that also this identification and
[03:17:31] way that also this identification and matchmaking across what is out there.
[03:17:34] matchmaking across what is out there. No. And the same can happen in terms of
[03:17:36] No. And the same can happen in terms of of finance. No, how are we going to
[03:17:38] of finance. No, how are we going to finance that? Well, also let's try to
[03:17:41] finance that? Well, also let's try to identify which are the uh financial
[03:17:44] identify which are the uh financial possibilities and let's try to then
[03:17:46] possibilities and let's try to then match it with uh the needs of countries
[03:17:48] match it with uh the needs of countries and what can be as well accessible. So
[03:17:51] and what can be as well accessible. So that and that's uh one of the the the
[03:17:54] that and that's uh one of the the the functions that um we can think about uh
[03:17:57] functions that um we can think about uh for the mechanism to reduce uh those
[03:18:00] for the mechanism to reduce uh those barriers in terms of access um and
[03:18:04] barriers in terms of access um and countries and actors that perhaps lack
[03:18:07] countries and actors that perhaps lack different networks that perhaps
[03:18:09] different networks that perhaps different resources.
[03:18:11] different resources. So how can we expand no that landscape
[03:18:15] So how can we expand no that landscape uh of knowledge and and sharing? Thanks.
[03:18:18] uh of knowledge and and sharing? Thanks. Uh thank you woman and gender. Um this
[03:18:21] Uh thank you woman and gender. Um this was a very rich section but we will have
[03:18:24] was a very rich section but we will have to stop here because the next one is
[03:18:26] to stop here because the next one is about to start. So you don't have much
[03:18:29] about to start. So you don't have much time for the next one. Uh and we also
[03:18:32] time for the next one. Uh and we also have the technology mechanism the tech
[03:18:34] have the technology mechanism the tech and CTCN and we can also talk about all
[03:18:37] and CTCN and we can also talk about all these aspects there more deeply there.
[03:18:41] these aspects there more deeply there. Uh thank you so much and uh yeah let's
[03:18:43] Uh thank you so much and uh yeah let's go for another
[03:19:16] I know.
[03:20:36] Hello everyone.
[03:20:38] Hello everyone. So this is your third and final qu uh
[03:20:42] So this is your third and final qu uh session.
[03:20:44] session. Um we'll be talking about enabling
[03:20:47] Um we'll be talking about enabling conditions um around three different
[03:20:51] conditions um around three different angles that are
[03:20:56] according to me at least um following
[03:20:59] according to me at least um following the cycle of a of a project. The first
[03:21:03] the cycle of a of a project. The first question is uh what type of policies
[03:21:06] question is uh what type of policies regul regulations and and and finance
[03:21:09] regul regulations and and and finance conditions can attract uh useful
[03:21:11] conditions can attract uh useful investments uh before it's decided. The
[03:21:15] investments uh before it's decided. The second question um
[03:21:18] second question um as as soon as investment happens how do
[03:21:20] as as soon as investment happens how do we make sure that it delivers inclusive
[03:21:23] we make sure that it delivers inclusive outcomes uh and not only financial
[03:21:25] outcomes uh and not only financial returns? And the third question
[03:21:29] returns? And the third question uh is more broad um will be around what
[03:21:34] uh is more broad um will be around what is needed to move from
[03:21:37] is needed to move from isolated project facilitation to a
[03:21:40] isolated project facilitation to a broader programmatic shift towards
[03:21:42] broader programmatic shift towards resilient and low emission agriculture.
[03:21:46] resilient and low emission agriculture. As we've heard um this morning um in the
[03:21:50] As we've heard um this morning um in the presentation by the Asian Development
[03:21:52] presentation by the Asian Development Bank representative um mitigation
[03:21:54] Bank representative um mitigation finance and adaptation finance over
[03:21:56] finance and adaptation finance over often crossover but just transition
[03:21:59] often crossover but just transition finance uh is another layer above this
[03:22:03] finance uh is another layer above this um the question that is asked when we're
[03:22:06] um the question that is asked when we're looking at finance and just transition
[03:22:08] looking at finance and just transition is whether um this finance
[03:22:13] is whether um this finance is fair. Who carries the risk? who
[03:22:17] is fair. Who carries the risk? who benefits, who may lose income, who
[03:22:19] benefits, who may lose income, who access resources, and what support is
[03:22:22] access resources, and what support is needed for affected populations. So,
[03:22:24] needed for affected populations. So, workers, small holders, fishers, rural
[03:22:26] workers, small holders, fishers, rural women, indigenous peoples, local
[03:22:29] women, indigenous peoples, local communities.
[03:22:31] communities. um as I will go through the questions
[03:22:34] um as I will go through the questions and we'll um dive into each of them in a
[03:22:38] and we'll um dive into each of them in a random order as I've now discovered
[03:22:42] random order as I've now discovered um I will try to extract from your
[03:22:45] um I will try to extract from your intervention uh possible examples
[03:22:48] intervention uh possible examples concrete uh from different um countries
[03:22:51] concrete uh from different um countries and different parts of the food security
[03:22:53] and different parts of the food security system. Um I will try to see what
[03:22:57] system. Um I will try to see what financial instruments you might have uh
[03:23:01] financial instruments you might have uh identified and um what policy and
[03:23:04] identified and um what policy and regulatory frameworks have worked or not
[03:23:06] regulatory frameworks have worked or not worked in your respective countries. Um
[03:23:10] worked in your respective countries. Um I have a tendency to focus on uh global
[03:23:13] I have a tendency to focus on uh global implementation barriers but I will try
[03:23:16] implementation barriers but I will try to not uh dive into my cognitive bias.
[03:23:21] to not uh dive into my cognitive bias. So,
[03:23:23] So, who wants to start?
[03:23:42] If we start on the policy frameworks
[03:23:45] If we start on the policy frameworks that can be seen as facilitating
[03:23:49] that can be seen as facilitating investment,
[03:23:51] investment, um the bathrooms have often discussed
[03:23:56] um the bathrooms have often discussed whether those frameworks should be uh
[03:23:59] whether those frameworks should be uh first focused at the national level or
[03:24:02] first focused at the national level or at regional level or at the global
[03:24:04] at regional level or at the global level. Mainly where does this
[03:24:08] level. Mainly where does this facilitation happen?
[03:24:10] facilitation happen? Uh is it about having uh concrete and
[03:24:15] Uh is it about having uh concrete and coherent um policies within one country
[03:24:20] coherent um policies within one country or is it about um
[03:24:24] or is it about um steering investment at a
[03:24:28] steering investment at a super national
[03:24:43] Another entry point is
[03:24:48] about who to involve in that first step
[03:24:51] about who to involve in that first step of the process. Are we talking um
[03:24:56] of the process. Are we talking um national level discussions
[03:24:58] national level discussions between um public finance institutions
[03:25:01] between um public finance institutions and private finance actors or are we
[03:25:04] and private finance actors or are we talking at the local level in the design
[03:25:08] talking at the local level in the design process involving um local actors so
[03:25:13] process involving um local actors so that the project is designed
[03:25:17] that the project is designed according to their needs and then
[03:25:20] according to their needs and then linking that to financial actors.
[03:25:23] linking that to financial actors. through mechanisms like the mechanism
[03:25:28] through mechanisms like the mechanism that might
[03:25:30] that might come to exist from this just transition
[03:25:34] come to exist from this just transition work program.
[03:25:50] Egypt. Thank you very much.
[03:26:01] >> Uh thank you very much. I'm willing to
[03:26:03] >> Uh thank you very much. I'm willing to break the ice and maybe start the uh the
[03:26:07] break the ice and maybe start the uh the conversation
[03:26:10] conversation uh enabling environment and when we talk
[03:26:12] uh enabling environment and when we talk like the for the enabling environment uh
[03:26:15] like the for the enabling environment uh related to the just transition I believe
[03:26:18] related to the just transition I believe that um most of the um the solution
[03:26:22] that um most of the um the solution should uh be starting from a bottomup
[03:26:25] should uh be starting from a bottomup approach identifying the needs of the
[03:26:27] approach identifying the needs of the the uh the communities and um the
[03:26:31] the uh the communities and um the farmers and um um all uh stakeholders uh
[03:26:37] farmers and um um all uh stakeholders uh related and engaged into the uh food
[03:26:40] related and engaged into the uh food production and food uh uh systems
[03:26:43] production and food uh uh systems providing uh food security. Uh this way
[03:26:47] providing uh food security. Uh this way it we uh make sure that uh the enabling
[03:26:50] it we uh make sure that uh the enabling environments would tailor and would
[03:26:53] environments would tailor and would address the the people on the ground and
[03:26:56] address the the people on the ground and uh would come with substantial uh
[03:26:58] uh would come with substantial uh outcomes. The the enabling environment
[03:27:01] outcomes. The the enabling environment also entail the uh challenges that uh uh
[03:27:07] also entail the uh challenges that uh uh the local farmers might uh see while um
[03:27:12] the local farmers might uh see while um trying to uh enhance their productivity
[03:27:16] trying to uh enhance their productivity trying to uh tailor uh some of the uh
[03:27:21] trying to uh tailor uh some of the uh questions related to the food security
[03:27:23] questions related to the food security that's on the national level. Um
[03:27:27] that's on the national level. Um uh so we look we should also look at the
[03:27:31] uh so we look we should also look at the barriers uh of the just transitions. One
[03:27:34] barriers uh of the just transitions. One of the barriers that we see uh are
[03:27:39] of the barriers that we see uh are sometimes related to the unilateral
[03:27:41] sometimes related to the unilateral trade measures uh that are associated
[03:27:45] trade measures uh that are associated with the u climate action uh in in
[03:27:49] with the u climate action uh in in general. Um one of this challenges are
[03:27:53] general. Um one of this challenges are also related to the carbon pricing
[03:27:55] also related to the carbon pricing itself. I know that uh some um have
[03:27:59] itself. I know that uh some um have addressed like carbon pricing from a
[03:28:00] addressed like carbon pricing from a perspective as being an opportunity for
[03:28:04] perspective as being an opportunity for uh financing u the low emission or um
[03:28:08] uh financing u the low emission or um emission reduction. Uh yet uh it we
[03:28:12] emission reduction. Uh yet uh it we should look into the impact of the
[03:28:14] should look into the impact of the response measures associated with the
[03:28:17] response measures associated with the carbon carbon pricing not only on a
[03:28:21] carbon carbon pricing not only on a national level but also uh on an
[03:28:24] national level but also uh on an international level and across the
[03:28:26] international level and across the regions because as we would put a price
[03:28:29] regions because as we would put a price tag on the uh carbon uh emission and I I
[03:28:33] tag on the uh carbon uh emission and I I may take an example of the fertilizers
[03:28:37] may take an example of the fertilizers uh for for an example.
[03:28:40] uh for for an example. If we associate it directly to the
[03:28:42] If we associate it directly to the carbon pricing that would definitely
[03:28:45] carbon pricing that would definitely lead to uh higher prices or high price
[03:28:48] lead to uh higher prices or high price tag on the uh fertilizers that does uh
[03:28:54] tag on the uh fertilizers that does uh affect the uh the food uh price and
[03:28:57] affect the uh the food uh price and therefore the the the food security. So
[03:29:01] therefore the the the food security. So this is something that should be taken
[03:29:03] this is something that should be taken into consider consideration. So I
[03:29:06] into consider consideration. So I believe that one of the enabling
[03:29:09] believe that one of the enabling environments and the thing that we
[03:29:11] environments and the thing that we should think about when we put a price
[03:29:14] should think about when we put a price on the um on the carbon emission. This
[03:29:18] on the um on the carbon emission. This has to be uh brought not just from the
[03:29:23] has to be uh brought not just from the point of view of one country but rather
[03:29:26] point of view of one country but rather we should develop and a holistic
[03:29:28] we should develop and a holistic approach on how we would uh address the
[03:29:32] approach on how we would uh address the carbon pricing question but also uh
[03:29:35] carbon pricing question but also uh putting into the question the
[03:29:38] putting into the question the socioeconomic impacts and the the
[03:29:40] socioeconomic impacts and the the socioeconomic opportunities and
[03:29:42] socioeconomic opportunities and challenges that are associated with the
[03:29:44] challenges that are associated with the carbon pricing. Thank you.
[03:29:50] Thank you very much. Um to
[03:29:56] build on this.
[03:29:59] build on this. Um
[03:30:01] Um this holistic approach um to food
[03:30:04] this holistic approach um to food security is indeed uh critical
[03:30:07] security is indeed uh critical um and related to both attracting and
[03:30:11] um and related to both attracting and designing um financial projects.
[03:30:16] designing um financial projects. It might um
[03:30:23] this collaborative approach to carbon
[03:30:25] this collaborative approach to carbon pricing can be applied to finance. Um
[03:30:30] pricing can be applied to finance. Um for now the financial actors sit in one
[03:30:34] for now the financial actors sit in one room, the food security actors sit in
[03:30:38] room, the food security actors sit in another room and there is a very siloed
[03:30:43] another room and there is a very siloed um
[03:30:44] um way to connect those two spheres. Um we
[03:30:49] way to connect those two spheres. Um we could um envision
[03:30:54] mechanism a type of body that could
[03:30:57] mechanism a type of body that could facilitate
[03:30:59] facilitate um those let's say meet and greets
[03:31:04] um those let's say meet and greets um so that the appropriate finance
[03:31:08] um so that the appropriate finance tools reach the right actors in this in
[03:31:12] tools reach the right actors in this in the food system. Um,
[03:31:18] does anyone want to come in on this?
[03:31:29] >> Saudi Arabia.
[03:31:33] >> Yeah. Thank you, Mr. Facilitator. Um I'd
[03:31:36] >> Yeah. Thank you, Mr. Facilitator. Um I'd like to make just make a a quick remark
[03:31:38] like to make just make a a quick remark and and we appreciate your facilitation
[03:31:41] and and we appreciate your facilitation uh towards us uh getting some ideas but
[03:31:44] uh towards us uh getting some ideas but um we we h I think it's it's great to
[03:31:47] um we we h I think it's it's great to have the audience also drive the
[03:31:48] have the audience also drive the conversation uh as well and and the
[03:31:50] conversation uh as well and and the parties uh when it comes to the the just
[03:31:53] parties uh when it comes to the the just transition mechanism uh we understand
[03:31:56] transition mechanism uh we understand that this
[03:31:59] that this dialogue uh must remain focused on
[03:32:01] dialogue uh must remain focused on established and institutionalized just
[03:32:04] established and institutionalized just transitions work program ensuring a
[03:32:06] transitions work program ensuring a business as usual uh approach and
[03:32:09] business as usual uh approach and maintaining the clarity of the scope. Uh
[03:32:11] maintaining the clarity of the scope. Uh it should not prejudge expectations or
[03:32:15] it should not prejudge expectations or shape the exchange of views regarding
[03:32:17] shape the exchange of views regarding the development of the just transition
[03:32:19] the development of the just transition mechanism. Doing so risks preempting
[03:32:23] mechanism. Doing so risks preempting discussions on the mechanism which has
[03:32:25] discussions on the mechanism which has its own dedicated submission process and
[03:32:28] its own dedicated submission process and space for in-depth deliberation. This
[03:32:31] space for in-depth deliberation. This linkage must not influence and or
[03:32:33] linkage must not influence and or prejudge outcomes related to the
[03:32:35] prejudge outcomes related to the mechanism. Nor should views expressed
[03:32:38] mechanism. Nor should views expressed during this dialogue be used to inform
[03:32:41] during this dialogue be used to inform inputs or decisions on it. Um when it
[03:32:44] inputs or decisions on it. Um when it comes to uh the enabling environment,
[03:32:49] comes to uh the enabling environment, uh I would like to uh make a quick
[03:32:53] uh I would like to uh make a quick remark and if you just give me a moment.
[03:33:03] Yes. When it comes to policy, the IPCC
[03:33:06] Yes. When it comes to policy, the IPCC outlines uh that effective policy
[03:33:10] outlines uh that effective policy packages would be comprehensive,
[03:33:12] packages would be comprehensive, consistent, balanced across objectives
[03:33:15] consistent, balanced across objectives and tailored to national circumstances.
[03:33:17] and tailored to national circumstances. And this was said with high confidence.
[03:33:19] And this was said with high confidence. Uh regulatory approaches must be
[03:33:22] Uh regulatory approaches must be balanced across objectives
[03:33:25] balanced across objectives and tailored to national circumstances
[03:33:27] and tailored to national circumstances for them to be effective. The bottomup
[03:33:29] for them to be effective. The bottomup implementation of policies is necessary
[03:33:31] implementation of policies is necessary to ensure that approaches remain
[03:33:34] to ensure that approaches remain effective and consistent with national
[03:33:36] effective and consistent with national objective.
[03:33:39] The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for example
[03:33:41] The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for example has taken significant strides in
[03:33:44] has taken significant strides in developing enabling policy environment
[03:33:46] developing enabling policy environment for financing climate action in line
[03:33:49] for financing climate action in line with our NDC's.
[03:33:51] with our NDC's. In late 2024, the kingdom launched its
[03:33:54] In late 2024, the kingdom launched its sustainable financing framework, which
[03:33:56] sustainable financing framework, which aims at implementing holistic harmonized
[03:33:59] aims at implementing holistic harmonized programs, policies, initiatives, and
[03:34:01] programs, policies, initiatives, and collaboration platforms to address
[03:34:04] collaboration platforms to address climate change at at the national,
[03:34:06] climate change at at the national, regional, and global levels. This
[03:34:09] regional, and global levels. This framework came with the inauguration of
[03:34:12] framework came with the inauguration of grain bonds, which by February 2025
[03:34:15] grain bonds, which by February 2025 recorded an overs subscription of six
[03:34:17] recorded an overs subscription of six times.
[03:34:19] times. We we would like to highlight uh and
[03:34:22] We we would like to highlight uh and echo the distinguished colleague from
[03:34:24] echo the distinguished colleague from Egypt that uh certain pathways or
[03:34:28] Egypt that uh certain pathways or imposing top- down pathways do
[03:34:31] imposing top- down pathways do jeopardize food security
[03:34:34] jeopardize food security uh and uh and livelihoods and they and
[03:34:38] uh and uh and livelihoods and they and which even further I would say um shoe
[03:34:42] which even further I would say um shoe away any investments and would not
[03:34:44] away any investments and would not attract them. So when it comes to what
[03:34:47] attract them. So when it comes to what policies that could I would say not
[03:34:50] policies that could I would say not attract uh investment
[03:34:54] attract uh investment uh policies as mentioned by the
[03:34:55] uh policies as mentioned by the distinguished colleague from Egypt such
[03:34:57] distinguished colleague from Egypt such as carbon border adjustment mechanisms.
[03:35:00] as carbon border adjustment mechanisms. These policies or or other unilateral
[03:35:04] These policies or or other unilateral rel climate related uh unilateral
[03:35:07] rel climate related uh unilateral measures do impact developing countries.
[03:35:10] measures do impact developing countries. They are a wealth transfer which means
[03:35:13] They are a wealth transfer which means that developing countries would have
[03:35:16] that developing countries would have less capital for even their domestic
[03:35:18] less capital for even their domestic standing for to implement climate action
[03:35:20] standing for to implement climate action to take action and it's essentially uh
[03:35:24] to take action and it's essentially uh it it would not help in having these
[03:35:27] it it would not help in having these agriculture
[03:35:28] agriculture uh when it comes to making these
[03:35:30] uh when it comes to making these investments if we have new standards
[03:35:32] investments if we have new standards such as the EUDR
[03:35:35] such as the EUDR when it comes to low emission
[03:35:36] when it comes to low emission agriculture. Uh, one example of that is
[03:35:40] agriculture. Uh, one example of that is that directive does not recognize
[03:35:43] that directive does not recognize the practices of of locally led or um
[03:35:47] the practices of of locally led or um even indigenous people's practices.
[03:35:49] even indigenous people's practices. They're they're not recognized as a
[03:35:52] They're they're not recognized as a practice uh whether it's lower emission
[03:35:55] practice uh whether it's lower emission or not the locally led approaches and
[03:35:58] or not the locally led approaches and then it would impose a top down on what
[03:36:00] then it would impose a top down on what is uh an agricultural uh practice that
[03:36:03] is uh an agricultural uh practice that is low emissions. So these issues
[03:36:06] is low emissions. So these issues together they they they would not
[03:36:08] together they they they would not attract investment but for us to attract
[03:36:10] attract investment but for us to attract the investments the policy package would
[03:36:13] the investments the policy package would have to be uh consistent and balanced
[03:36:15] have to be uh consistent and balanced across objectives and tailored to the
[03:36:17] across objectives and tailored to the national circumstances as mentioned by
[03:36:19] national circumstances as mentioned by the IPCC. Thank you uh Mr. facilitator.
[03:36:23] the IPCC. Thank you uh Mr. facilitator. >> Thank you very much. Um I will give the
[03:36:26] >> Thank you very much. Um I will give the floor to Marta Stenel from C4.
[03:36:34] Thank you very much. Um C party
[03:36:37] Thank you very much. Um C party representing uh the local government's
[03:36:40] representing uh the local government's and municipal um authorities
[03:36:41] and municipal um authorities constituency. Um I'll probably mostly
[03:36:45] constituency. Um I'll probably mostly react to the last question. Um
[03:36:48] react to the last question. Um previously I spoke about the critical
[03:36:49] previously I spoke about the critical importance of urban and per urban food
[03:36:52] importance of urban and per urban food systems for ensuring food uh security um
[03:36:55] systems for ensuring food uh security um and the role that local governments can
[03:36:57] and the role that local governments can play in advancing um that. This is why
[03:37:00] play in advancing um that. This is why in order to advance just transition and
[03:37:03] in order to advance just transition and and uh food security, it is critical to
[03:37:05] and uh food security, it is critical to recognize the role of governments, local
[03:37:07] recognize the role of governments, local governments and cities and other
[03:37:08] governments and cities and other subnational entities. Um I think this
[03:37:11] subnational entities. Um I think this was very well captured by the UN DP
[03:37:14] was very well captured by the UN DP speaker in her scene setting
[03:37:16] speaker in her scene setting presentation who highlighted the need
[03:37:18] presentation who highlighted the need for a whole of government approach to a
[03:37:20] for a whole of government approach to a just transition by engaging with local
[03:37:23] just transition by engaging with local governments. national governments can
[03:37:25] governments. national governments can ensure that approaches are bottom up as
[03:37:28] ensure that approaches are bottom up as per uh the intervention from the
[03:37:29] per uh the intervention from the delegate uh from Egypt. In terms of
[03:37:33] delegate uh from Egypt. In terms of solutions um we would like to propose
[03:37:36] solutions um we would like to propose three. Um solution number one is to
[03:37:39] three. Um solution number one is to prioritize setting up national level
[03:37:42] prioritize setting up national level just transition governance mechanism or
[03:37:44] just transition governance mechanism or advisory bodies as also highlighted in
[03:37:47] advisory bodies as also highlighted in the UNP presentation that will bring
[03:37:50] the UNP presentation that will bring different stakeholders and different
[03:37:52] different stakeholders and different level levels of governments to the
[03:37:54] level levels of governments to the conversation about the design and
[03:37:56] conversation about the design and implementation of just transition
[03:37:57] implementation of just transition policies in food systems and we've seen
[03:38:00] policies in food systems and we've seen examples from different um sort of hall
[03:38:03] examples from different um sort of hall of economy approaches from the UK to
[03:38:05] of economy approaches from the UK to Australia to Scotland that bring
[03:38:07] Australia to Scotland that bring together trade unions, civil society and
[03:38:09] together trade unions, civil society and local level governments to ensure that
[03:38:11] local level governments to ensure that implementation is localized. Of course,
[03:38:14] implementation is localized. Of course, there's an example from South Africa
[03:38:16] there's an example from South Africa that bridges both mitigation and
[03:38:18] that bridges both mitigation and resilience through its present
[03:38:20] resilience through its present presidential climate commission that
[03:38:23] presidential climate commission that appointed mayors of major cities as
[03:38:26] appointed mayors of major cities as their local commissioners. Solution
[03:38:28] their local commissioners. Solution number two would be to embed food
[03:38:30] number two would be to embed food systems including urban and perry urban
[03:38:34] systems including urban and perry urban uh food systems into national policy
[03:38:36] uh food systems into national policy planning. Um NDC's NAPS national just
[03:38:40] planning. Um NDC's NAPS national just transition strategies can maximize the
[03:38:42] transition strategies can maximize the collective impact on climate action and
[03:38:44] collective impact on climate action and food system transformation. Again South
[03:38:46] food system transformation. Again South Africa comes up as an example. Its just
[03:38:49] Africa comes up as an example. Its just transition framework prioritizes support
[03:38:51] transition framework prioritizes support for local and subsistance food
[03:38:53] for local and subsistance food production which is critical. And
[03:38:56] production which is critical. And thirdly, um it will be critical to
[03:38:58] thirdly, um it will be critical to establish national food strategies that
[03:39:01] establish national food strategies that strengthen urban food systems and
[03:39:03] strengthen urban food systems and improve policy coherence. An example of
[03:39:06] improve policy coherence. An example of a successful best practice is Brazil's
[03:39:09] a successful best practice is Brazil's strategy for food and nutritional
[03:39:11] strategy for food and nutritional security in cities, which seeks to
[03:39:13] security in cities, which seeks to bridge action across urban and rural
[03:39:16] bridge action across urban and rural food agendas, integrate diverse
[03:39:18] food agendas, integrate diverse ministries, levels of government, and
[03:39:20] ministries, levels of government, and policies to increase food security in
[03:39:23] policies to increase food security in Brazilian cities. Thank you very much.
[03:39:28] Brazilian cities. Thank you very much. >> Thank you very much. And um local
[03:39:30] >> Thank you very much. And um local localized project design um is uh
[03:39:32] localized project design um is uh something that has been coming up quite
[03:39:35] something that has been coming up quite a lot um which because it allows
[03:39:37] a lot um which because it allows projects to be adequately contextualized
[03:39:40] projects to be adequately contextualized and to attach conditionality that is um
[03:39:44] and to attach conditionality that is um um close to local actors needs. and
[03:39:49] um close to local actors needs. and China.
[03:39:53] >> Thank you.
[03:39:55] >> Thank you. Thank you uh Mr. Chairperson.
[03:39:59] Thank you uh Mr. Chairperson. Um I first I want to echo that
[03:40:03] Um I first I want to echo that intervention made by uh Saudi Arabia and
[03:40:07] intervention made by uh Saudi Arabia and Egypt that uh
[03:40:11] Egypt that uh unilateral mayors need to be addressed
[03:40:15] unilateral mayors need to be addressed and we fully support uh this uh
[03:40:21] and we fully support uh this uh interventions
[03:40:23] interventions and we as a country uh fully support to
[03:40:27] and we as a country uh fully support to establish the free trade international
[03:40:31] establish the free trade international environment especially for climate
[03:40:36] environment especially for climate friendly products like solar panel like
[03:40:40] friendly products like solar panel like win turbine.
[03:40:42] win turbine. Um this is a very much crucial um
[03:40:46] Um this is a very much crucial um environment
[03:40:48] environment uh enabling environment for countries to
[03:40:52] uh enabling environment for countries to push their lowcarbon development
[03:40:56] push their lowcarbon development domestically. So that is uh my first
[03:41:00] domestically. So that is uh my first point.
[03:41:01] point. Um my second point uh that is for in a
[03:41:06] Um my second point uh that is for in a bigger in a big picture uh which is um I
[03:41:11] bigger in a big picture uh which is um I want to see under the current technology
[03:41:15] want to see under the current technology and economic structure and poverty redu
[03:41:19] and economic structure and poverty redu reduction and economic and social
[03:41:22] reduction and economic and social development in developing countries
[03:41:25] development in developing countries entail an increase in emission.
[03:41:30] entail an increase in emission. Therefore to achieve the goals of Paris
[03:41:34] Therefore to achieve the goals of Paris agreement
[03:41:35] agreement developed countries developed countries
[03:41:39] developed countries developed countries uh need intensify their emission
[03:41:42] uh need intensify their emission reduction efforts and to achieve
[03:41:46] reduction efforts and to achieve greathouse gas emission neutrality well
[03:41:50] greathouse gas emission neutrality well before 2015.
[03:41:52] before 2015. thereby ensuring the necessary emission
[03:41:56] thereby ensuring the necessary emission space for the economic and social
[03:41:59] space for the economic and social development and just transition of
[03:42:02] development and just transition of developed of developing countries. I
[03:42:05] developed of developing countries. I thank you Mr. Chair.
[03:42:10] >> Thank you very much. I will give the
[03:42:12] >> Thank you very much. I will give the floor to Belgium.
[03:42:23] Yeah,
[03:42:25] Yeah, thank you. So, Belgian talking for the
[03:42:28] thank you. So, Belgian talking for the EU. Um,
[03:42:32] first, uh, I would like to answer on on
[03:42:36] first, uh, I would like to answer on on the the comment made by by Egypt. Um and
[03:42:40] the the comment made by by Egypt. Um and then there are
[03:42:42] then there are there have been studies uh recently
[03:42:45] there have been studies uh recently that's um shown have shown that the the
[03:42:50] that's um shown have shown that the the inflationary impact of sebum on the on
[03:42:53] inflationary impact of sebum on the on the the market price for example of ura
[03:42:55] the the market price for example of ura fertilizers is likely to be only between
[03:42:58] fertilizers is likely to be only between 1.44
[03:43:00] 1.44 uh euro and 1.79
[03:43:03] uh euro and 1.79 euro per ton. Um, so it's it's it's a
[03:43:07] euro per ton. Um, so it's it's it's a very like unsignificant impact. However,
[03:43:13] very like unsignificant impact. However, the impacts of of one the current war in
[03:43:17] the impacts of of one the current war in the Middle East on the fertilizers
[03:43:19] the Middle East on the fertilizers supply and prices are likely to be much
[03:43:22] supply and prices are likely to be much more severe. As of March 26, in 2026,
[03:43:26] more severe. As of March 26, in 2026, the price for ura has increased by more
[03:43:29] the price for ura has increased by more than 45%
[03:43:32] than 45% u since the beginning of the conflict.
[03:43:35] u since the beginning of the conflict. Also um the FAO states that prices for
[03:43:40] Also um the FAO states that prices for nitrogen fertilizers and other fossil
[03:43:42] nitrogen fertilizers and other fossil fuel dependent inputs are closely
[03:43:44] fuel dependent inputs are closely related to price of crude oil. Um conse
[03:43:49] related to price of crude oil. Um conse yeah as a consequence the cost of energy
[03:43:51] yeah as a consequence the cost of energy have a direct impact on the production
[03:43:53] have a direct impact on the production cost of the agricultural sectors and
[03:43:55] cost of the agricultural sectors and food prices. Uh in fact the volatile uh
[03:43:59] food prices. Uh in fact the volatile uh fossil fuel markets could lead to a
[03:44:01] fossil fuel markets could lead to a reduction of fertilizers use leading to
[03:44:05] reduction of fertilizers use leading to lower crop yields and posing significant
[03:44:07] lower crop yields and posing significant food security risks. In a recent
[03:44:10] food security risks. In a recent analysis the FAO warned that the world
[03:44:13] analysis the FAO warned that the world could be heading to a global agri foods
[03:44:15] could be heading to a global agri foods catastro due to the volatile fossil fuel
[03:44:18] catastro due to the volatile fossil fuel prices. Um the FAO states that in the
[03:44:22] prices. Um the FAO states that in the worst case this means
[03:44:23] worst case this means >> I'd like to raise a point of order.
[03:44:28] >> Uh thank you. Thank you Mr. Facilitator.
[03:44:31] >> Uh thank you. Thank you Mr. Facilitator. This discussion is is totally out of
[03:44:34] This discussion is is totally out of context. We're talking about a someone
[03:44:36] context. We're talking about a someone is talking about a specific commodity a
[03:44:38] is talking about a specific commodity a war. And this should not be discussed in
[03:44:42] war. And this should not be discussed in this forum. There are other forums that
[03:44:44] this forum. There are other forums that you they could discuss the war. They
[03:44:46] you they could discuss the war. They could discuss whatever these conflicts.
[03:44:48] could discuss whatever these conflicts. I'm I'm not sure what it's called. Um
[03:44:51] I'm I'm not sure what it's called. Um conflict event that is happening. Uh and
[03:44:54] conflict event that is happening. Uh and we should not be discussing a commodity
[03:44:56] we should not be discussing a commodity price in here uh in relation to that
[03:45:00] price in here uh in relation to that aspect. Uh thank you uh Mr. facilitator.
[03:45:02] aspect. Uh thank you uh Mr. facilitator. We'd like to keep the discussion very
[03:45:04] We'd like to keep the discussion very much focused on what is relevant. Thank
[03:45:06] much focused on what is relevant. Thank you.
[03:45:07] you. >> Yeah.
[03:45:08] >> Yeah. >> Yeah. Point of order. I mean I I wasn't
[03:45:11] >> Yeah. Point of order. I mean I I wasn't the one raising the the fertilizers
[03:45:13] the one raising the the fertilizers prices. I'm just answering with data
[03:45:15] prices. I'm just answering with data from the FAO and from data on the impact
[03:45:18] from the FAO and from data on the impact of CBN prices.
[03:45:23] I had all the lines prepared for that
[03:45:25] I had all the lines prepared for that that session as well. But I have to
[03:45:28] that session as well. But I have to answer to things that are also by the
[03:45:30] answer to things that are also by the way we can we can also I can also make a
[03:45:34] way we can we can also I can also make a point of order on the fact that
[03:45:37] point of order on the fact that we have heard um specific individual
[03:45:41] we have heard um specific individual parties policies
[03:45:44] parties policies uh mentioned in this room and I would
[03:45:46] uh mentioned in this room and I would like also to remind that the Paris
[03:45:48] like also to remind that the Paris agreement nor the UNF were designed to
[03:45:52] agreement nor the UNF were designed to assess individual parties nationally
[03:45:55] assess individual parties nationally determined policy.
[03:45:59] So this is a dialogue not a negotiation.
[03:46:03] So this is a dialogue not a negotiation. There is no point of order. Um
[03:46:07] There is no point of order. Um I will try to reframe this particular
[03:46:11] I will try to reframe this particular particular topic.
[03:46:16] It might be a stretch
[03:46:18] It might be a stretch but
[03:46:20] but because of unilateral measures.
[03:46:25] because of unilateral measures. Trade is a hard topic here.
[03:46:31] Trade is a hard topic here. I know that you the room was just
[03:46:33] I know that you the room was just talking about tech access.
[03:46:36] talking about tech access. Um typically
[03:46:40] could um
[03:46:43] could um the
[03:46:45] the production pathways that are blocked uh
[03:46:49] production pathways that are blocked uh by
[03:46:51] by for instance whatever the units of
[03:46:54] for instance whatever the units of measure you're talking about. Um could
[03:46:57] measure you're talking about. Um could they be um mitigated if they were
[03:47:00] they be um mitigated if they were accompanied by the appropriate tech
[03:47:03] accompanied by the appropriate tech access
[03:47:05] access so that the sectoral
[03:47:09] so that the sectoral u
[03:47:12] u production chain was closer
[03:47:16] production chain was closer from what is demanded.
[03:47:22] >> Uh thank you Mr. facilitator. We
[03:47:24] >> Uh thank you Mr. facilitator. We understand that this is a difficult
[03:47:26] understand that this is a difficult conversation for some. Um but but again
[03:47:29] conversation for some. Um but but again I'd like to reemphasize a war has
[03:47:31] I'd like to reemphasize a war has nothing to do in this conversation and
[03:47:33] nothing to do in this conversation and in this room that there is zero
[03:47:36] in this room that there is zero relevance. We should not be discussing
[03:47:37] relevance. We should not be discussing about wars conflicts in this room. Um
[03:47:40] about wars conflicts in this room. Um and I'd like to make that very clear. Uh
[03:47:43] and I'd like to make that very clear. Uh and if if if there is a discussion it
[03:47:45] and if if if there is a discussion it should be we should what we should be
[03:47:47] should be we should what we should be here talking about is transition
[03:47:48] here talking about is transition pathways. um we should be talking about
[03:47:51] pathways. um we should be talking about emissions aspects related to emissions.
[03:47:54] emissions aspects related to emissions. Um yes if if the if the discussion was
[03:47:57] Um yes if if the if the discussion was emission related yeah that is fine but I
[03:47:59] emission related yeah that is fine but I what I saw was we you know uh some some
[03:48:02] what I saw was we you know uh some some of our colleagues uh were talking about
[03:48:06] of our colleagues uh were talking about um the
[03:48:09] um the a conflict that is ongoing and we were
[03:48:12] a conflict that is ongoing and we were they were talking about
[03:48:13] they were talking about >> they they were not talking about
[03:48:15] >> they they were not talking about >> they could we could we could go back
[03:48:17] >> they could we could we could go back >> I was interrupted I was interrupted
[03:48:19] >> I was interrupted I was interrupted twice during my intervention so I would
[03:48:22] twice during my intervention so I would like to stop this
[03:48:23] like to stop this >> and able to I I'm talking about price
[03:48:26] >> and able to I I'm talking about price volatility of fossil fuels and showing
[03:48:29] volatility of fossil fuels and showing the link with what we're talking about
[03:48:32] the link with what we're talking about here and points raised by Egypt on
[03:48:35] here and points raised by Egypt on fertilizers
[03:48:37] fertilizers one and then I would like to respond on
[03:48:40] one and then I would like to respond on another part which is a policy that
[03:48:43] another part which is a policy that Saudi Arabia has mentioned and again I
[03:48:47] Saudi Arabia has mentioned and again I I'm I'm I'm repeating that this is not a
[03:48:50] I'm I'm I'm repeating that this is not a process that was designed to assess
[03:48:52] process that was designed to assess individual parties his policies, but I
[03:48:55] individual parties his policies, but I would like to answer on this. So, may I
[03:49:00] would like to answer on this. So, may I Thank you.
[03:49:00] Thank you. >> Um, I I'd like to continue my statement
[03:49:03] >> Um, I I'd like to continue my statement because the the war was mentioned
[03:49:06] because the the war was mentioned explicitly. Um, I'd like I'd like just
[03:49:08] explicitly. Um, I'd like I'd like just to make that sure that word was
[03:49:11] to make that sure that word was mentioned and we should refrain from
[03:49:12] mentioned and we should refrain from mentioning conflicts, war, unrelated
[03:49:15] mentioning conflicts, war, unrelated aspects.
[03:49:15] aspects. >> This is acknowledged.
[03:49:17] >> This is acknowledged. >> Yes. Thank you.
[03:49:20] >> Yes. Thank you. >> Thank you.
[03:49:22] >> Thank you. So
[03:49:24] So again I I will answer on on on
[03:49:29] again I I will answer on on on the EU deforestation regulation which
[03:49:32] the EU deforestation regulation which I've heard mentioned and I would like to
[03:49:34] I've heard mentioned and I would like to remind and it's a very important topic
[03:49:36] remind and it's a very important topic actually when we are talking about about
[03:49:39] actually when we are talking about about the agricultural sectors and food
[03:49:41] the agricultural sectors and food security etc. um and how deforestation
[03:49:45] security etc. um and how deforestation is necessary um as otherwise we the EU
[03:49:48] is necessary um as otherwise we the EU and partners countries globally will not
[03:49:51] and partners countries globally will not be able to meet our climate commitments
[03:49:54] be able to meet our climate commitments and and goals and the deforestation
[03:49:56] and and goals and the deforestation regulation is a climate measure which
[03:49:59] regulation is a climate measure which complements global multilateral action
[03:50:01] complements global multilateral action on on deforestation and the protection
[03:50:04] on on deforestation and the protection of bio biodiversity
[03:50:06] of bio biodiversity um and it has been developed in
[03:50:07] um and it has been developed in compliance with uh EU's international
[03:50:10] compliance with uh EU's international commitments WT rural
[03:50:12] commitments WT rural uh rules, international environmental
[03:50:15] uh rules, international environmental agreements and and sustainable uh
[03:50:17] agreements and and sustainable uh development goals. Um, I would like also
[03:50:21] development goals. Um, I would like also um to to remind that that this
[03:50:24] um to to remind that that this regulation is is creating new due
[03:50:26] regulation is is creating new due diligence obligations for EU companies
[03:50:29] diligence obligations for EU companies placing products on the EU markets or
[03:50:31] placing products on the EU markets or exporting from it and that it
[03:50:33] exporting from it and that it contributes to a just transition um um
[03:50:36] contributes to a just transition um um among others by by making sure that the
[03:50:39] among others by by making sure that the the products that are important into the
[03:50:42] the products that are important into the EU are not violent viol violating uh
[03:50:47] EU are not violent viol violating uh human rights including labor rights
[03:50:49] human rights including labor rights among others. Um
[03:50:52] among others. Um >> sorry, we only have three minutes left
[03:50:54] >> sorry, we only have three minutes left and Kenya and Norway have to come in.
[03:50:56] and Kenya and Norway have to come in. >> Yes. Um so I would like to just finish
[03:50:58] >> Yes. Um so I would like to just finish to to say um that the the EU is
[03:51:02] to to say um that the the EU is committed to engage with consumer and
[03:51:04] committed to engage with consumer and and production countries alike and that
[03:51:07] and production countries alike and that um we are we are helping uh them to to
[03:51:10] um we are we are helping uh them to to comply with the requirements under the
[03:51:12] comply with the requirements under the UDR in with a particular focus on on de
[03:51:16] UDR in with a particular focus on on de developing countries and small holder uh
[03:51:19] developing countries and small holder uh producers. Thank you.
[03:51:21] producers. Thank you. >> Thank you. So, Kenya, Norway, and
[03:51:24] >> Thank you. So, Kenya, Norway, and Russian Federation. And then we're
[03:51:26] Russian Federation. And then we're closing.
[03:51:39] Thank you so much. Uh we we almost went
[03:51:42] Thank you so much. Uh we we almost went into negotiation, but starting to get to
[03:51:46] into negotiation, but starting to get to wonder
[03:51:47] wonder why the tension. Um but I think for me
[03:51:51] why the tension. Um but I think for me just one point that I think also links
[03:51:53] just one point that I think also links with the previous session um in in in
[03:51:58] with the previous session um in in in the thinking of how the relevant policy
[03:52:02] the thinking of how the relevant policy legal and enabling environment within
[03:52:04] legal and enabling environment within countries are set up. I think one of the
[03:52:08] countries are set up. I think one of the the emerging issues that I think we need
[03:52:10] the emerging issues that I think we need to think through is um the political uh
[03:52:14] to think through is um the political uh the potential risks that um unintended
[03:52:18] the potential risks that um unintended risks of some of these policies. We are
[03:52:20] risks of some of these policies. We are seeing um uh for example concerns
[03:52:23] seeing um uh for example concerns related to uh for example the the social
[03:52:28] related to uh for example the the social risks of biotechnology.
[03:52:30] risks of biotechnology. We are seeing um um
[03:52:35] We are seeing um um the measures being introduced for
[03:52:38] the measures being introduced for example aimed at controlling methane in
[03:52:40] example aimed at controlling methane in in in livestock uh raising different um
[03:52:44] in in livestock uh raising different um social social risks and and and and
[03:52:47] social social risks and and and and affecting the social cultural setup of
[03:52:49] affecting the social cultural setup of some of our communities. And we need to
[03:52:52] some of our communities. And we need to start packaging these things and and and
[03:52:55] start packaging these things and and and coming up with modalities of of how to
[03:52:59] coming up with modalities of of how to integrate risk management and and
[03:53:01] integrate risk management and and safeguard indigenous knowledge and and
[03:53:03] safeguard indigenous knowledge and and and traditional ways of practices that
[03:53:06] and traditional ways of practices that are climate smart in nature uh while
[03:53:09] are climate smart in nature uh while still pursuing the objectives of the
[03:53:11] still pursuing the objectives of the Paris agreement and the convention. I
[03:53:13] Paris agreement and the convention. I think this is something that we we are
[03:53:15] think this is something that we we are seeing coming up that I don't think is
[03:53:17] seeing coming up that I don't think is adequately reflected. Thank you.
[03:53:20] adequately reflected. Thank you. Thank you very much. Norway.
[03:53:24] Thank you very much. Norway. Uh, no. Russian Federation.
[03:53:28] Uh, no. Russian Federation. >> Thank you.
[03:53:30] >> Thank you. So, uh, I'd like to stress that
[03:53:33] So, uh, I'd like to stress that effective global climate action should
[03:53:34] effective global climate action should focus on reducing greenhouse gas
[03:53:37] focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions rather than restricting
[03:53:39] emissions rather than restricting particular energy sources. A balanced
[03:53:42] particular energy sources. A balanced just transition uh strategy does not
[03:53:44] just transition uh strategy does not mandate a transition away from any
[03:53:46] mandate a transition away from any specific fuel but emphasizes flexibility
[03:53:49] specific fuel but emphasizes flexibility in choosing efficient cost effective
[03:53:51] in choosing efficient cost effective approaches. Global climate goals cannot
[03:53:54] approaches. Global climate goals cannot be achieved without adequate means of
[03:53:56] be achieved without adequate means of implementation uh include uh finance,
[03:53:59] implementation uh include uh finance, technology transfer and uh capacity
[03:54:01] technology transfer and uh capacity building uh particularly for developing
[03:54:04] building uh particularly for developing countries and uh moreover in line with
[03:54:07] countries and uh moreover in line with article 3.5 of the U uh UNF triple C
[03:54:11] article 3.5 of the U uh UNF triple C climate measures must not constitute
[03:54:13] climate measures must not constitute arbitrary or unjustifiable
[03:54:16] arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or restriction on
[03:54:18] discrimination or restriction on international trade. Thank you.
[03:54:25] We we are out of time. Um sorry. Um I
[03:54:30] We we are out of time. Um sorry. Um I know that Pakistan and China raised
[03:54:32] know that Pakistan and China raised their flag that I had closed the the
[03:54:34] their flag that I had closed the the list already. Uh we need to to wrap this
[03:54:37] list already. Uh we need to to wrap this up. So thank you everyone. Um
[03:54:41] up. So thank you everyone. Um I hope the final tension won't create
[03:54:45] I hope the final tension won't create nightmares
[03:54:47] nightmares and see you in a few minutes.
[03:55:09] What's the
[04:04:17] is online.
[04:04:21] So, how do you
[04:07:47] Hello colleagues, could you take your
[04:07:48] Hello colleagues, could you take your seats please? We will we will get
[04:07:51] seats please? We will we will get started right away. And could we also
[04:07:54] started right away. And could we also have the facilitators
[04:07:57] have the facilitators of the rooms come up to the podium?
[04:08:20] Hello colleagues. In this plenary
[04:08:22] Hello colleagues. In this plenary session, we will be hearing from our
[04:08:25] session, we will be hearing from our facilitators on your discussions this
[04:08:27] facilitators on your discussions this morning. After we've heard from the
[04:08:29] morning. After we've heard from the three co three facilitators, we will
[04:08:32] three co three facilitators, we will open the floor to participants to give
[04:08:34] open the floor to participants to give the opportunity for further reflections.
[04:08:37] the opportunity for further reflections. Um, we're going to ask each facilitator
[04:08:40] Um, we're going to ask each facilitator to please keep their reflections to five
[04:08:42] to please keep their reflections to five minutes and we're going to and then I
[04:08:44] minutes and we're going to and then I just want do want to remind you as as we
[04:08:47] just want do want to remind you as as we did earlier in the in the session that
[04:08:50] did earlier in the in the session that the co-f facilitators will do their very
[04:08:51] the co-f facilitators will do their very best to to give you um an accurate and
[04:08:54] best to to give you um an accurate and balanced report back of the discussions
[04:08:56] balanced report back of the discussions in each room. But it's it's a very uh
[04:08:59] in each room. But it's it's a very uh demanding task to summarize such rich
[04:09:03] demanding task to summarize such rich discussions in a very short period of
[04:09:05] discussions in a very short period of time. So if they do leave anything out,
[04:09:07] time. So if they do leave anything out, please do come in and and add anything
[04:09:10] please do come in and and add anything that you feel needs to be included in
[04:09:12] that you feel needs to be included in the report backs. And remember that you
[04:09:14] the report backs. And remember that you can also submit anything that you would
[04:09:16] can also submit anything that you would like to by email to the secretariat. So
[04:09:19] like to by email to the secretariat. So just be kind to our co-f facilitators.
[04:09:21] just be kind to our co-f facilitators. Um feel free to add on to their their
[04:09:24] Um feel free to add on to their their summaries if you would like to. We're
[04:09:27] summaries if you would like to. We're going to start first with um with what
[04:09:30] going to start first with um with what was group three on so Luke Tenzenus I
[04:09:36] was group three on so Luke Tenzenus I hope I pronounced that right um
[04:09:37] hope I pronounced that right um representative of Enko who facilitated
[04:09:39] representative of Enko who facilitated discussions on the third topic on
[04:09:42] discussions on the third topic on enabling environments. Luke you have the
[04:09:44] enabling environments. Luke you have the floor.
[04:09:45] floor. >> Thank you very much. I will report back
[04:09:48] >> Thank you very much. I will report back um on the group um on en enabling
[04:09:51] um on the group um on en enabling environment and I will like to start by
[04:09:54] environment and I will like to start by thanking all participants uh for very
[04:09:56] thanking all participants uh for very rich and constructive discussions. Um we
[04:09:59] rich and constructive discussions. Um we heard a wide range of experiences from
[04:10:02] heard a wide range of experiences from parties, constitu constituencies and
[04:10:04] parties, constitu constituencies and observers and I will not be able to
[04:10:06] observers and I will not be able to capture every contribution so please
[04:10:10] capture every contribution so please be clement. Um first
[04:10:14] be clement. Um first the first question before investment is
[04:10:17] the first question before investment is mobilized is how to make sure it it can
[04:10:20] mobilized is how to make sure it it can deliver inclusive outcomes um throughout
[04:10:24] deliver inclusive outcomes um throughout the the policy support uh policy
[04:10:27] the the policy support uh policy framework that is uh in place. Um the
[04:10:31] framework that is uh in place. Um the focus was not simply how do we bring
[04:10:33] focus was not simply how do we bring money in but how do we attract the right
[04:10:35] money in but how do we attract the right kind of investment matched to the right
[04:10:38] kind of investment matched to the right needs in ways that support food security
[04:10:40] needs in ways that support food security resilience and livelihoods. A strong
[04:10:43] resilience and livelihoods. A strong message was that policy current matters.
[04:10:45] message was that policy current matters. Several intervention pointed to the need
[04:10:47] Several intervention pointed to the need of whole of government approaches
[04:10:49] of whole of government approaches linking national targets with sectoral
[04:10:51] linking national targets with sectoral policies and embedded food security into
[04:10:53] policies and embedded food security into planning instruments such as nationality
[04:10:55] planning instruments such as nationality nationally determined contributions,
[04:10:57] nationally determined contributions, national adaptation plans and national
[04:10:59] national adaptation plans and national food strategies. Costa Rica intervention
[04:11:02] food strategies. Costa Rica intervention for example highlighted the importance
[04:11:04] for example highlighted the importance of regulatory clarity and investment
[04:11:06] of regulatory clarity and investment pipelines that connected climate goals
[04:11:09] pipelines that connected climate goals with food security and livelihood.
[04:11:11] with food security and livelihood. Brazil shared experiences on linking
[04:11:13] Brazil shared experiences on linking sustainable farming with subsidized
[04:11:15] sustainable farming with subsidized loan, public procurement and blended
[04:11:18] loan, public procurement and blended finance. Saudi Arabia referred to the
[04:11:20] finance. Saudi Arabia referred to the role of water um policies such as
[04:11:24] role of water um policies such as dalination, wastewater reuse and drip
[04:11:27] dalination, wastewater reuse and drip irrigation in sustaining agriculture
[04:11:28] irrigation in sustaining agriculture under arid conditions.
[04:11:32] under arid conditions. Another point was that finance
[04:11:33] Another point was that finance instruments need to be matched to the
[04:11:35] instruments need to be matched to the right outcomes in agriculture.
[04:11:36] right outcomes in agriculture. Mitigation and attachment finance often
[04:11:39] Mitigation and attachment finance often overlap but just finance as another
[04:11:42] overlap but just finance as another layer. Participants mentioned a range of
[04:11:44] layer. Participants mentioned a range of instruments, grants, conceptual finance,
[04:11:46] instruments, grants, conceptual finance, guarantees, insurance, etc., etc. But
[04:11:49] guarantees, insurance, etc., etc. But there was a clear warning that private
[04:11:51] there was a clear warning that private finance alone is not sufficient
[04:11:54] finance alone is not sufficient especially where returns are long-term
[04:11:56] especially where returns are long-term and where public good outcomes are
[04:11:58] and where public good outcomes are central. At the same time, participants
[04:12:00] central. At the same time, participants noted that investment can create risk if
[04:12:02] noted that investment can create risk if poorly governed. This include land
[04:12:05] poorly governed. This include land concentration, exclusion of small
[04:12:06] concentration, exclusion of small producers, pressure on fishing grounds,
[04:12:08] producers, pressure on fishing grounds, water stress over fishing, ecosystem
[04:12:11] water stress over fishing, ecosystem degradation. Egypt also raised the
[04:12:13] degradation. Egypt also raised the importance of considering the impacts of
[04:12:15] importance of considering the impacts of response measures including carbon
[04:12:16] response measures including carbon pricing related effects and
[04:12:18] pricing related effects and affordability impacts for example on
[04:12:21] affordability impacts for example on inputs such as fertilizers.
[04:12:24] inputs such as fertilizers. But Belgium also pointed to inflationary
[04:12:27] But Belgium also pointed to inflationary effects and the impact of new regulatory
[04:12:30] effects and the impact of new regulatory obligations.
[04:12:32] obligations. We heard diverging views on the role and
[04:12:34] We heard diverging views on the role and effects of unilateral measures and
[04:12:37] effects of unilateral measures and regulated and related deregulatory
[04:12:39] regulated and related deregulatory approaches. Some interventions
[04:12:41] approaches. Some interventions underlined that such measures can create
[04:12:43] underlined that such measures can create cost, uncertainty or spillover effects
[04:12:45] cost, uncertainty or spillover effects for developing countries. A useful
[04:12:48] for developing countries. A useful takeaway is that enabling environments
[04:12:50] takeaway is that enabling environments need to consider not only the intention
[04:12:51] need to consider not only the intention of climate measures but also their
[04:12:54] of climate measures but also their distributional and crossber effects. So
[04:12:56] distributional and crossber effects. So the main message for the first question
[04:12:57] the main message for the first question is enabling environments should attract
[04:13:00] is enabling environments should attract investment but they should also shape
[04:13:01] investment but they should also shape the investment through policy agreements
[04:13:03] the investment through policy agreements public finance conditions with sharing
[04:13:05] public finance conditions with sharing and safeguards while taking into account
[04:13:07] and safeguards while taking into account the distributional and crossber effects
[04:13:09] the distributional and crossber effects of climate related measures.
[04:13:12] of climate related measures. On the second question the group moved
[04:13:14] On the second question the group moved from in investment attraction to
[04:13:16] from in investment attraction to investment quality. Several participants
[04:13:18] investment quality. Several participants emphasize the just transition principles
[04:13:20] emphasize the just transition principles should not only appear as safeguards at
[04:13:23] should not only appear as safeguards at the end of the project. They should
[04:13:24] the end of the project. They should guide risk identification and project
[04:13:27] guide risk identification and project design from the start. We heard a strong
[04:13:30] design from the start. We heard a strong focus on rights, participation and
[04:13:32] focus on rights, participation and inclusion. Panama proposed an integrity
[04:13:34] inclusion. Panama proposed an integrity framework for just transition finance
[04:13:36] framework for just transition finance and indigenous people's representatives
[04:13:38] and indigenous people's representatives underlined that lens rights, territorial
[04:13:40] underlined that lens rights, territorial rights and free priority informed
[04:13:41] rights and free priority informed consent are essential for sustainable
[04:13:43] consent are essential for sustainable food system. Several interventions
[04:13:46] food system. Several interventions stress that in sorry investment must be
[04:13:49] stress that in sorry investment must be governed by strong human rights
[04:13:51] governed by strong human rights safeguards to avoid land dispossession
[04:13:53] safeguards to avoid land dispossession and exclusion
[04:13:55] and exclusion on decent work. Particip participants
[04:13:58] on decent work. Particip participants stressed that agriculture and food
[04:13:59] stressed that agriculture and food systems must not only produce more and
[04:14:01] systems must not only produce more and become more climate resilient but also
[04:14:04] become more climate resilient but also support fair wages, labor rights and
[04:14:06] support fair wages, labor rights and safer working conditions across the
[04:14:08] safer working conditions across the whole value chain. This was linked to
[04:14:09] whole value chain. This was linked to the need for social protection, income
[04:14:11] the need for social protection, income security and support for producers and
[04:14:13] security and support for producers and workers who may be affected by climate
[04:14:15] workers who may be affected by climate impacts or by the transition itself.
[04:14:19] impacts or by the transition itself. The bridge to the third question is that
[04:14:21] The bridge to the third question is that if inclusion is not built into each
[04:14:23] if inclusion is not built into each investment, scaling up may simply scale
[04:14:25] investment, scaling up may simply scale up the the exclusion. So the systemic
[04:14:28] up the the exclusion. So the systemic question is how to move from individual
[04:14:29] question is how to move from individual projects to broader fair transition
[04:14:31] projects to broader fair transition programs.
[04:14:34] On this third question, participants
[04:14:36] On this third question, participants highlighted barriers including limited
[04:14:38] highlighted barriers including limited finance, limited institutional cap
[04:14:40] finance, limited institutional cap capacity, siloed policym, overly
[04:14:43] capacity, siloed policym, overly technical policies, and the difficulty
[04:14:44] technical policies, and the difficulty of translating national goals into local
[04:14:47] of translating national goals into local implementations.
[04:14:48] implementations. One academic participant stressed the
[04:14:51] One academic participant stressed the need for multi-disiplinary approaches
[04:14:53] need for multi-disiplinary approaches that align policies with local realities
[04:14:56] that align policies with local realities and other emphasized that cascading
[04:14:57] and other emphasized that cascading policy frameworks from national target
[04:14:59] policy frameworks from national target to sectoral actions can create stability
[04:15:01] to sectoral actions can create stability and reduce risk for investors while
[04:15:03] and reduce risk for investors while improving implementation.
[04:15:05] improving implementation. Local implementation also came through
[04:15:07] Local implementation also came through strongly. The role of municipalities,
[04:15:09] strongly. The role of municipalities, local authorities and local communities
[04:15:11] local authorities and local communities was emphasized as essential for making
[04:15:14] was emphasized as essential for making investment real on the ground. The C40
[04:15:16] investment real on the ground. The C40 LGMA intervention stress whole of
[04:15:18] LGMA intervention stress whole of government and whole of economy
[04:15:20] government and whole of economy approaches and the need to integrate
[04:15:22] approaches and the need to integrate food security into national planning
[04:15:23] food security into national planning instruments. Kenya's reference to
[04:15:25] instruments. Kenya's reference to livestock also reminded us that
[04:15:27] livestock also reminded us that resilient and low emission agriculture
[04:15:29] resilient and low emission agriculture must reflect the diversity of food
[04:15:31] must reflect the diversity of food systems and livelihood including
[04:15:33] systems and livelihood including pastoral and livestock systems.
[04:15:36] pastoral and livestock systems. The finance framing was especially
[04:15:37] The finance framing was especially useful here. No single instrument is
[04:15:40] useful here. No single instrument is sufficient. Some need some needs require
[04:15:42] sufficient. Some need some needs require grants especially social transition and
[04:15:44] grants especially social transition and vulnerability reduction. Some require
[04:15:46] vulnerability reduction. Some require reconessional finance especially public
[04:15:48] reconessional finance especially public good investment. Some require technical
[04:15:51] good investment. Some require technical assistance especially for institutions
[04:15:53] assistance especially for institutions diagnostics and policy systems.
[04:15:56] diagnostics and policy systems. So the main message from the third
[04:15:58] So the main message from the third question is scaling resilient and low
[04:16:00] question is scaling resilient and low emissions agriculture requires matching
[04:16:02] emissions agriculture requires matching the right finance and support to the
[04:16:04] the right finance and support to the right outcome and moving from isolated
[04:16:06] right outcome and moving from isolated projects to coordinated transition
[04:16:08] projects to coordinated transition programs.
[04:16:10] programs. Across the three questions, I will
[04:16:13] Across the three questions, I will summarize the group discussion in three
[04:16:14] summarize the group discussion in three messages. First, investment attraction
[04:16:17] messages. First, investment attraction must be purposeful, not only
[04:16:20] must be purposeful, not only quantitative. Second, just transition
[04:16:22] quantitative. Second, just transition principles should shape design from the
[04:16:24] principles should shape design from the beginning. So, design of the project.
[04:16:28] beginning. So, design of the project. Third, scaling requires a programmatic
[04:16:30] Third, scaling requires a programmatic approach. Countries need support to move
[04:16:32] approach. Countries need support to move from plans and pilots to sustain
[04:16:34] from plans and pilots to sustain transition programs with the right m of
[04:16:36] transition programs with the right m of grants, constitutional finance,
[04:16:37] grants, constitutional finance, technical assistance, risk clearing,
[04:16:39] technical assistance, risk clearing, public finance participation and
[04:16:41] public finance participation and safeguards. Finally, on the role of the
[04:16:43] safeguards. Finally, on the role of the just transition work program, one
[04:16:45] just transition work program, one possible takeaway is that it can help
[04:16:47] possible takeaway is that it can help capture lessons, barriers, and practical
[04:16:49] capture lessons, barriers, and practical options for the from these discussions.
[04:16:51] options for the from these discussions. What policy frameworks work? which
[04:16:53] What policy frameworks work? which finance instruments fit which which
[04:16:55] finance instruments fit which which outcome and how safeguards and
[04:16:57] outcome and how safeguards and participation can be built in
[04:17:00] participation can be built in well and what barriers country face in
[04:17:03] well and what barriers country face in implementation. Thank you.
[04:17:07] >> Thank thank you so much Luke. Much
[04:17:09] >> Thank thank you so much Luke. Much appreciated.
[04:17:17] >> Okay. All right. Great. Thank you so
[04:17:19] >> Okay. All right. Great. Thank you so much. Um now we are going to move on to
[04:17:21] much. Um now we are going to move on to the first topic. Sorry.
[04:17:30] >> Okay. Um I think this is Diana.
[04:17:33] >> Okay. Um I think this is Diana. >> Yesandra. And this was on the
[04:17:36] >> Yesandra. And this was on the international cooperation and climate
[04:17:37] international cooperation and climate finance as an enabler for just
[04:17:39] finance as an enabler for just transition pathways to food security.
[04:17:41] transition pathways to food security. Over to you Diana.
[04:17:42] Over to you Diana. >> Thank you. Um I will do my best to
[04:17:45] >> Thank you. Um I will do my best to summarize all the uh insights and the
[04:17:50] summarize all the uh insights and the interaction in the different rooms.
[04:17:53] interaction in the different rooms. Um so first I will start by saying that
[04:17:56] Um so first I will start by saying that uh participants underline that a
[04:17:58] uh participants underline that a meaningful discussion on climate finance
[04:18:00] meaningful discussion on climate finance for just transitions must be grounded in
[04:18:04] for just transitions must be grounded in the obligations of the Paris agreement
[04:18:06] the obligations of the Paris agreement and the principles of common but
[04:18:08] and the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities.
[04:18:11] differentiated responsibilities. And uh participants highlighted the
[04:18:14] And uh participants highlighted the persisting gap between finance reported
[04:18:17] persisting gap between finance reported and finance uh provided or actually
[04:18:21] and finance uh provided or actually received on the ground and called for
[04:18:23] received on the ground and called for greater accountability and transparency
[04:18:25] greater accountability and transparency in this regard including through the
[04:18:28] in this regard including through the enhanced transparency framework. Some
[04:18:31] enhanced transparency framework. Some participants also noted a concerning
[04:18:33] participants also noted a concerning shift from grants towards loans and
[04:18:36] shift from grants towards loans and emphasized that a grant-based or uh
[04:18:39] emphasized that a grant-based or uh nonbent creating finance it's essential
[04:18:42] nonbent creating finance it's essential particularly for the most vulnerable and
[04:18:46] particularly for the most vulnerable and for the uh most vulnerable uh small
[04:18:49] for the uh most vulnerable uh small farmers uh fish uh fisheries and
[04:18:52] farmers uh fish uh fisheries and informal workers.
[04:18:55] informal workers. Participants also stress the importance
[04:18:57] Participants also stress the importance of preserving additionality of climate
[04:18:59] of preserving additionality of climate finance with respect to ODA noting that
[04:19:03] finance with respect to ODA noting that these must remain uh distinct financing
[04:19:05] these must remain uh distinct financing streams.
[04:19:10] Some participants noted that the core
[04:19:12] Some participants noted that the core issue it's not uh access to finance but
[04:19:16] issue it's not uh access to finance but the provision of finance which has not
[04:19:19] the provision of finance which has not met the scale needed and participants
[04:19:22] met the scale needed and participants observed that finance it's not
[04:19:24] observed that finance it's not accessible particularly at the local
[04:19:26] accessible particularly at the local level and this must be addressed in
[04:19:29] level and this must be addressed in order to find local solutions or
[04:19:32] order to find local solutions or implement local solutions for just
[04:19:33] implement local solutions for just transitions.
[04:19:36] transitions. Um some participants stated that uh just
[04:19:40] Um some participants stated that uh just transition finance it's very much linked
[04:19:42] transition finance it's very much linked to development finance of the 2030
[04:19:45] to development finance of the 2030 agenda
[04:19:47] agenda and again that preserving additionality
[04:19:49] and again that preserving additionality for climate finance it's critical.
[04:19:54] for climate finance it's critical. Participants recognized
[04:19:57] Participants recognized um that food systems remain
[04:19:59] um that food systems remain significantly underfunded within the
[04:20:01] significantly underfunded within the climate finance flows and that current
[04:20:04] climate finance flows and that current NDC's present a substantial mitigation
[04:20:07] NDC's present a substantial mitigation action gap in the agri food sector
[04:20:10] action gap in the agri food sector representing a major opportunity in the
[04:20:12] representing a major opportunity in the next round of NDC updates. Participants
[04:20:16] next round of NDC updates. Participants identified that the translation of gap
[04:20:18] identified that the translation of gap between uh national plans and investable
[04:20:21] between uh national plans and investable pipelines is a core challenge and
[04:20:24] pipelines is a core challenge and require a stronger institutional
[04:20:26] require a stronger institutional capacity technical assistance for
[04:20:29] capacity technical assistance for project uh preparation.
[04:20:32] project uh preparation. Participants stressed the importance of
[04:20:34] Participants stressed the importance of moving from fragmented project-based
[04:20:37] moving from fragmented project-based approaches to integrated programmatic
[04:20:40] approaches to integrated programmatic pipelines that reflect these
[04:20:42] pipelines that reflect these interlinkages between climate, food
[04:20:44] interlinkages between climate, food security, and ecosystems health. And
[04:20:48] security, and ecosystems health. And participants noted that silo funding
[04:20:50] participants noted that silo funding design, even when it's not intentional,
[04:20:53] design, even when it's not intentional, can prevent addressing these
[04:20:55] can prevent addressing these interconnected challenges.
[04:21:00] Participants emphasized that just
[04:21:02] Participants emphasized that just transition principles must be embedded
[04:21:05] transition principles must be embedded from the outset of project and policy
[04:21:07] from the outset of project and policy design, not treated as add on and
[04:21:12] design, not treated as add on and highlighted that sectoral strategies are
[04:21:15] highlighted that sectoral strategies are key in order to translate NDCs into
[04:21:18] key in order to translate NDCs into investable projects.
[04:21:23] Participants noted that 90% of countries
[04:21:26] Participants noted that 90% of countries have just transition principles embedded
[04:21:28] have just transition principles embedded in their NDCS but fiscal uh space limits
[04:21:32] in their NDCS but fiscal uh space limits the financing of just transition
[04:21:34] the financing of just transition priorities.
[04:21:38] Um, some participants called for a
[04:21:41] Um, some participants called for a direct and simplified access to climate
[04:21:43] direct and simplified access to climate finance for indigenous people and local
[04:21:46] finance for indigenous people and local communities with a strong safeguards
[04:21:49] communities with a strong safeguards and uh noted that what is considered
[04:21:52] and uh noted that what is considered investable may need to be rethought to
[04:21:55] investable may need to be rethought to reflect indigenous lead approaches.
[04:21:59] Participants also noted that subnational
[04:22:02] Participants also noted that subnational governments are critical delivery
[04:22:05] governments are critical delivery partners for food security. Yet few
[04:22:09] partners for food security. Yet few global climate funds provide finance
[04:22:11] global climate funds provide finance directly at this level to implement
[04:22:14] directly at this level to implement local solutions.
[04:22:16] local solutions. And participants stress that local level
[04:22:19] And participants stress that local level just transition approaches must ensure
[04:22:21] just transition approaches must ensure that subnational governments must have
[04:22:23] that subnational governments must have access to finance directly.
[04:22:28] Um participants uh noted the importance
[04:22:32] Um participants uh noted the importance of aligning financial flows uh with the
[04:22:35] of aligning financial flows uh with the Paris agreement in a systemic uh way
[04:22:42] and they exchange views on a range of
[04:22:44] and they exchange views on a range of enabling conditions including for
[04:22:46] enabling conditions including for example repurposing subsidies, domestic
[04:22:50] example repurposing subsidies, domestic carbon pricing instruments and blended
[04:22:53] carbon pricing instruments and blended finance approaches while recognizing
[04:22:55] finance approaches while recognizing that perspectives on these approaches
[04:22:58] that perspectives on these approaches defer between participants.
[04:23:01] defer between participants. Participants also exchange views on uh
[04:23:04] Participants also exchange views on uh trade related measures and their
[04:23:06] trade related measures and their implications for developing countries
[04:23:07] implications for developing countries ability to implement just transitions
[04:23:10] ability to implement just transitions with differing perspectives expressed
[04:23:12] with differing perspectives expressed including on capacity building efforts
[04:23:15] including on capacity building efforts for implementing these mechanisms.
[04:23:18] for implementing these mechanisms. Participants stress that analytical work
[04:23:21] Participants stress that analytical work it's needed to understand the impacts of
[04:23:23] it's needed to understand the impacts of investment on just transition aspects.
[04:23:28] In order to fully understand the co-
[04:23:30] In order to fully understand the co- benefits of the investments,
[04:23:38] participants call uh for moving from
[04:23:41] participants call uh for moving from abstract commitments to accountability
[04:23:44] abstract commitments to accountability with transparency reports and MRV
[04:23:46] with transparency reports and MRV systems that can track progress and
[04:23:48] systems that can track progress and leverage uh further finance.
[04:23:52] leverage uh further finance. and participants recommended packaging
[04:23:54] and participants recommended packaging individual projects into programs and
[04:23:56] individual projects into programs and bundling priority projects into coherent
[04:23:59] bundling priority projects into coherent cross- sectoral pipelines rather than
[04:24:01] cross- sectoral pipelines rather than standalone projects so uh finance can be
[04:24:05] standalone projects so uh finance can be scale up.
[04:24:09] Uh finally, participants urge that just
[04:24:12] Uh finally, participants urge that just transition should not be taught in silos
[04:24:15] transition should not be taught in silos but into integrated development programs
[04:24:18] but into integrated development programs to utilized already available resources.
[04:24:22] to utilized already available resources. They called for integrated just
[04:24:24] They called for integrated just transitions considerations into existing
[04:24:27] transitions considerations into existing climate projects.
[04:24:29] climate projects. Participants stressed that the need to
[04:24:31] Participants stressed that the need to close infrastructure gaps focusing on
[04:24:34] close infrastructure gaps focusing on increasing the productive capacity of
[04:24:36] increasing the productive capacity of food value chains is extremely relevant.
[04:24:41] food value chains is extremely relevant. And finally, all participants or most
[04:24:44] And finally, all participants or most participants reaffirm that multilateral
[04:24:46] participants reaffirm that multilateral collaboration and finance is required
[04:24:49] collaboration and finance is required uh for enabling and just transitions.
[04:24:53] uh for enabling and just transitions. Thank you.
[04:25:01] Thank you so much, Diana. And finally,
[04:25:03] Thank you so much, Diana. And finally, we have Emily Karolina Costa Rica, a
[04:25:07] we have Emily Karolina Costa Rica, a representative Costa Silva, sorry, a
[04:25:10] representative Costa Silva, sorry, a representative of Ringo, um, who
[04:25:13] representative of Ringo, um, who facilitated the second topic on
[04:25:16] facilitated the second topic on innovation, technology transfer,
[04:25:18] innovation, technology transfer, capacity building, and knowledge
[04:25:19] capacity building, and knowledge sharing. Over to you, Emily.
[04:25:21] sharing. Over to you, Emily. >> Thank you, chair. Uh first of all I
[04:25:23] >> Thank you, chair. Uh first of all I would like to cong to thank you for the
[04:25:25] would like to cong to thank you for the opportunity to be the facilitator of the
[04:25:28] opportunity to be the facilitator of the the rooms uh all the rooms were very
[04:25:31] the rooms uh all the rooms were very diff the atmosphere of all the breakout
[04:25:33] diff the atmosphere of all the breakout rooms was very different from each
[04:25:35] rooms was very different from each other. It was interesting to see and
[04:25:37] other. It was interesting to see and also interesting to see the
[04:25:38] also interesting to see the similarities. I also would like to uh
[04:25:42] similarities. I also would like to uh thank the UU the UNF triple C
[04:25:45] thank the UU the UNF triple C secretariat. She see she supported me a
[04:25:48] secretariat. She see she supported me a lot
[04:25:49] lot with the three break breakout rooms. Uh
[04:25:52] with the three break breakout rooms. Uh and I'm losing my English at this point.
[04:25:55] and I'm losing my English at this point. I'm sorry. Uh but if I could summarize
[04:25:59] I'm sorry. Uh but if I could summarize uh in three words the breakout rooms I
[04:26:02] uh in three words the breakout rooms I would say uh access uh finance and
[04:26:05] would say uh access uh finance and implementation. It's pretty much I think
[04:26:08] implementation. It's pretty much I think all the the colleagues that was in
[04:26:10] all the the colleagues that was in another topic uh we have uh many
[04:26:13] another topic uh we have uh many similarities
[04:26:14] similarities uh and is interesting to say but I think
[04:26:16] uh and is interesting to say but I think in this one and this this tech one was
[04:26:19] in this one and this this tech one was very even if we have focus it on food
[04:26:22] very even if we have focus it on food security we it was also um uh very
[04:26:27] security we it was also um uh very crosscutting we can also uh take all the
[04:26:31] crosscutting we can also uh take all the inputs and and uh go for another topics
[04:26:34] inputs and and uh go for another topics related to the technology transfer for
[04:26:36] related to the technology transfer for climate but I I I have some
[04:26:42] climate but I I I have some um highlights to say here I as as my
[04:26:45] um highlights to say here I as as my colleague says I don't think I will be
[04:26:47] colleague says I don't think I will be possible it will be able to uh be uh as
[04:26:52] possible it will be able to uh be uh as good as it was in the in the breakout
[04:26:54] good as it was in the in the breakout rooms but I will try my best here so
[04:26:57] rooms but I will try my best here so related to technology oh so uh I will
[04:27:02] related to technology oh so uh I will start with the uh technology must be
[04:27:05] start with the uh technology must be context text driving and not only uh one
[04:27:09] context text driving and not only uh one universal solution.
[04:27:11] universal solution. Uh technology should be understood as as
[04:27:15] Uh technology should be understood as as uh not only as machines or
[04:27:17] uh not only as machines or infrastructure but also through uh its
[04:27:20] infrastructure but also through uh its social impacts. Uh and also there is it
[04:27:23] social impacts. Uh and also there is it was highlighted there is no single best
[04:27:26] was highlighted there is no single best technologies uh solutions must be
[04:27:29] technologies uh solutions must be adapted to local context, country
[04:27:31] adapted to local context, country realities and community needs. uh the
[04:27:34] realities and community needs. uh the technology choices should consider
[04:27:37] technology choices should consider trade-offs between productivity, equity,
[04:27:40] trade-offs between productivity, equity, resilience and employment.
[04:27:42] resilience and employment. Uh also policies must avoid imposing
[04:27:46] Uh also policies must avoid imposing solution from the top down. Uh
[04:27:48] solution from the top down. Uh technology must respond to farmers
[04:27:51] technology must respond to farmers realities and priorities in the local
[04:27:53] realities and priorities in the local context.
[04:27:55] context. Uh local authorities, municipalities and
[04:27:58] Uh local authorities, municipalities and communities. uh they are essential
[04:28:01] communities. uh they are essential actors to identify appropriate solutions
[04:28:04] actors to identify appropriate solutions and technology should support people and
[04:28:07] and technology should support people and not simply replace labor or local
[04:28:10] not simply replace labor or local system.
[04:28:11] system. Uh related to uh building resilience and
[04:28:15] Uh related to uh building resilience and sustainable food systems. Uh food system
[04:28:19] sustainable food systems. Uh food system must become more resilient to climate
[04:28:22] must become more resilient to climate shocks while reducing dependent on
[04:28:24] shocks while reducing dependent on fossil fuels. Um uh it was emphasized in
[04:28:28] fossil fuels. Um uh it was emphasized in the in the first breakout breakout room
[04:28:30] the in the first breakout breakout room uh that agriculture still depends
[04:28:32] uh that agriculture still depends heavily on fossil fuels uh which creates
[04:28:35] heavily on fossil fuels uh which creates vulnerability and uh sustainability
[04:28:38] vulnerability and uh sustainability challenge for many countries. Uh climate
[04:28:42] challenge for many countries. Uh climate resilient technologies should support
[04:28:44] resilient technologies should support sustainable agriculture, circular
[04:28:46] sustainable agriculture, circular economy practices, reduced food laws and
[04:28:49] economy practices, reduced food laws and waste. uh refrigerate uh it was we had
[04:28:54] waste. uh refrigerate uh it was we had an example related to a refrigerator in
[04:28:57] an example related to a refrigerator in informal and the storage uh for informal
[04:29:00] informal and the storage uh for informal market in some countries. Uh so food
[04:29:04] market in some countries. Uh so food security and nutrition must remain
[04:29:07] security and nutrition must remain central especially for vulnerable uh
[04:29:10] central especially for vulnerable uh populations.
[04:29:12] populations. Um and we one of the topics that were
[04:29:14] Um and we one of the topics that were also raised in and the three breakout
[04:29:18] also raised in and the three breakout rooms was related to the green the green
[04:29:20] rooms was related to the green the green jobs training and just transition and
[04:29:22] jobs training and just transition and just energy transition.
[04:29:25] just energy transition. Uh so just transition must create green
[04:29:28] Uh so just transition must create green jobs and decent and decent work
[04:29:31] jobs and decent and decent work opportunities for the workers. Uh clean
[04:29:35] opportunities for the workers. Uh clean energy access such as solar panels and
[04:29:39] energy access such as solar panels and decentralized energy solutions. um are
[04:29:42] decentralized energy solutions. um are essential. uh training and haste uh
[04:29:46] essential. uh training and haste uh reskilling are necessary so works and
[04:29:49] reskilling are necessary so works and communities can participate in in the
[04:29:51] communities can participate in in the new green sectors and also in this in
[04:29:55] new green sectors and also in this in the third one the third breakup room uh
[04:29:58] the third one the third breakup room uh I think South Africa uh highlighted the
[04:30:01] I think South Africa uh highlighted the import South Africa and Brazil I guess
[04:30:03] import South Africa and Brazil I guess or Germany I'm sorry if I I am uh mix it
[04:30:08] or Germany I'm sorry if I I am uh mix it but they highlighted the importance when
[04:30:11] but they highlighted the importance when we are talking especially about capas
[04:30:14] we are talking especially about capas building, not only to uh capacity the
[04:30:17] building, not only to uh capacity the people, the the the sectors but also the
[04:30:20] people, the the the sectors but also the need of infrastructure
[04:30:22] need of infrastructure uh the need of uh of all the all the
[04:30:27] uh the need of uh of all the all the systems to make uh the capacity building
[04:30:30] systems to make uh the capacity building go to the real implementation.
[04:30:33] go to the real implementation. Uh so communities need support to
[04:30:36] Uh so communities need support to understand and overcome barriers uh to
[04:30:39] understand and overcome barriers uh to sustainable technology. Just transition
[04:30:42] sustainable technology. Just transition uh should not leave workers be workers
[04:30:45] uh should not leave workers be workers behind and must include informal
[04:30:48] behind and must include informal sectors. Um especially when we are
[04:30:52] sectors. Um especially when we are talking about technology. Also another
[04:30:54] talking about technology. Also another important topic highlighted was
[04:30:57] important topic highlighted was innovation includes social innovation.
[04:31:00] innovation includes social innovation. So innovation is not only technical
[04:31:02] So innovation is not only technical innovation but also social innovation,
[04:31:04] innovation but also social innovation, social dialogue in participation uh
[04:31:07] social dialogue in participation uh improve implementation and the
[04:31:10] improve implementation and the legitimacy of what is has been doing. Uh
[04:31:14] legitimacy of what is has been doing. Uh farmers and local communities must be
[04:31:16] farmers and local communities must be involved in the design and applying
[04:31:18] involved in the design and applying solution. uh social innovation h helps
[04:31:22] solution. uh social innovation h helps connect all dimensions and of just
[04:31:24] connect all dimensions and of just transition economy social environmental
[04:31:27] transition economy social environmental and distri in institutional
[04:31:29] and distri in institutional and related to the access I think this
[04:31:32] and related to the access I think this was one of uh the main uh topics access
[04:31:36] was one of uh the main uh topics access must be affordable and appropriate
[04:31:39] must be affordable and appropriate technology remains a major challenge
[04:31:41] technology remains a major challenge especially for developing countries and
[04:31:43] especially for developing countries and technology transfer must include finance
[04:31:47] technology transfer must include finance local capacity building knowledge
[04:31:48] local capacity building knowledge sharing ing maintains and implementation
[04:31:51] sharing ing maintains and implementation support. Regional organizations can play
[04:31:55] support. Regional organizations can play important role in facilitate access in
[04:31:57] important role in facilitate access in cooperation and also in the construction
[04:31:59] cooperation and also in the construction of the capacity building of that place.
[04:32:02] of the capacity building of that place. Uh and it was raised um a few times
[04:32:05] Uh and it was raised um a few times related to intellectual property. This
[04:32:08] related to intellectual property. This is a this is still a barrier and the
[04:32:11] is a this is still a barrier and the there are limits for implementation and
[04:32:13] there are limits for implementation and local adaptation uh related to
[04:32:17] local adaptation uh related to intellectual property and the main gap
[04:32:21] intellectual property and the main gap was the finance. The finance was
[04:32:23] was the finance. The finance was repeatedly identified as the biggest
[04:32:25] repeatedly identified as the biggest challenge. uh many countries struggle to
[04:32:28] challenge. uh many countries struggle to access the climate finance and to and
[04:32:31] access the climate finance and to and how to demonstrate that the they had a
[04:32:34] how to demonstrate that the they had a strong impact uh to sh to secure the
[04:32:37] strong impact uh to sh to secure the funding uh also to even from the very
[04:32:41] funding uh also to even from the very beginning to how to go there and and
[04:32:44] beginning to how to go there and and make the design for bankable project.
[04:32:47] make the design for bankable project. This is also uh this was also pretty
[04:32:50] This is also uh this was also pretty much highlighted. Uh existing funding
[04:32:53] much highlighted. Uh existing funding mechanism could be better used to
[04:32:55] mechanism could be better used to support capacity building and
[04:32:57] support capacity building and implementation and uh final support. Oh,
[04:33:00] implementation and uh final support. Oh, financial support is especially needed
[04:33:02] financial support is especially needed needed for farmers, local governments
[04:33:05] needed for farmers, local governments adaptation and resilient resilience
[04:33:07] adaptation and resilient resilience actions.
[04:33:09] actions. Uh so related to the capacity building
[04:33:13] Uh so related to the capacity building capacity building should move beyond
[04:33:15] capacity building should move beyond theory and focus on implementation. Uh
[04:33:18] theory and focus on implementation. Uh strong institutional capacities needing
[04:33:20] strong institutional capacities needing for planning, coordination and
[04:33:21] for planning, coordination and execution. Uh best practice sharing and
[04:33:25] execution. Uh best practice sharing and strong cooperation networks are
[04:33:26] strong cooperation networks are important. Uh and I have a few more
[04:33:29] important. Uh and I have a few more topics here, but I think I I went for
[04:33:32] topics here, but I think I I went for the most uh for the biggest ones. And uh
[04:33:36] the most uh for the biggest ones. And uh I think the message is is uh from the
[04:33:38] I think the message is is uh from the three uh breakout rooms was uh that just
[04:33:41] three uh breakout rooms was uh that just transitioning food systems must be
[04:33:43] transitioning food systems must be locally driven uh social inclusive,
[04:33:45] locally driven uh social inclusive, financially supported and built around
[04:33:48] financially supported and built around technology that responds to real
[04:33:50] technology that responds to real community needs. So thank you
[04:34:03] Hi, thank you so much. Well, thank you
[04:34:05] Hi, thank you so much. Well, thank you so much uh Luke, Diana, and Emily for
[04:34:07] so much uh Luke, Diana, and Emily for those reportbacks. Um much appreciated
[04:34:09] those reportbacks. Um much appreciated and for your work to facilitate the
[04:34:12] and for your work to facilitate the topics. We are going to now open the
[04:34:14] topics. We are going to now open the floor for any additional insights from
[04:34:17] floor for any additional insights from participants regarding the discussions
[04:34:18] participants regarding the discussions this morning. Um, also for those online,
[04:34:21] this morning. Um, also for those online, we're going to try and keep this to 15
[04:34:23] we're going to try and keep this to 15 minutes because we are standing in the
[04:34:26] minutes because we are standing in the way of lunch and we're over time a
[04:34:28] way of lunch and we're over time a little bit. But if there's anything that
[04:34:30] little bit. But if there's anything that you'd like to add, please raise your
[04:34:32] you'd like to add, please raise your flags or raise your hand online.
[04:34:56] So we have Saudi Arabia here in the room
[04:34:58] So we have Saudi Arabia here in the room and India online to start with. Um Saudi
[04:35:02] and India online to start with. Um Saudi Arabia you have the floor
[04:35:41] Yeah. Thank you. Thank you, Madam Chair,
[04:35:43] Yeah. Thank you. Thank you, Madam Chair, for uh for giving Saudi Arabia the
[04:35:45] for uh for giving Saudi Arabia the floor. Uh I'd like to thank our
[04:35:47] floor. Uh I'd like to thank our facilitators uh for the for the work
[04:35:49] facilitators uh for the for the work they've done. I think this was a
[04:35:51] they've done. I think this was a constructive dialogue and we appreciate
[04:35:53] constructive dialogue and we appreciate the contributions of all parties. Um
[04:35:56] the contributions of all parties. Um just a quick remark. I think uh when
[04:35:59] just a quick remark. I think uh when we've heard on the uh report back let's
[04:36:02] we've heard on the uh report back let's say from breakout group two or uh other
[04:36:05] say from breakout group two or uh other breakout groups I think it's just a a
[04:36:07] breakout groups I think it's just a a little bit appropriate to say that uh
[04:36:09] little bit appropriate to say that uh the views expressed may be uh do not
[04:36:12] the views expressed may be uh do not represent consensus and maybe of
[04:36:14] represent consensus and maybe of individual parties. I think that that
[04:36:16] individual parties. I think that that could be uh something appropriate and
[04:36:18] could be uh something appropriate and and for example that we've heard about
[04:36:20] and for example that we've heard about say the the fossil fuel dependency
[04:36:23] say the the fossil fuel dependency dependencies uh this is something that
[04:36:26] dependencies uh this is something that that there are differing views and I'll
[04:36:28] that there are differing views and I'll give one example is that um where the
[04:36:32] give one example is that um where the these technologies when we have carbon
[04:36:34] these technologies when we have carbon capture these are context appropriate
[04:36:37] capture these are context appropriate where it's clean and it would provide
[04:36:39] where it's clean and it would provide food security and and low emission um uh
[04:36:44] food security and and low emission um uh agg agricultural uh products or f
[04:36:48] agg agricultural uh products or f fertilizers. So having such uh I would
[04:36:51] fertilizers. So having such uh I would say uh umbrella ter term sometimes would
[04:36:55] say uh umbrella ter term sometimes would help us and and bring us to convergence
[04:36:57] help us and and bring us to convergence together to say that uh locally uh local
[04:37:01] together to say that uh locally uh local context matters I would say rather than
[04:37:04] context matters I would say rather than uh trying to parachute a policy that may
[04:37:09] uh trying to parachute a policy that may not that may not apply and and of a
[04:37:12] not that may not apply and and of a individual or uh opinion or views. Thank
[04:37:16] individual or uh opinion or views. Thank you.
[04:37:18] you. >> Thank you, Saudi Arabia. And yes, um I
[04:37:21] >> Thank you, Saudi Arabia. And yes, um I think it's well understood that this is
[04:37:23] think it's well understood that this is a dialogue that the the report backs
[04:37:25] a dialogue that the the report backs aren't intended to represent that
[04:37:26] aren't intended to represent that there's any kind of consensus in the
[04:37:29] there's any kind of consensus in the room. They are to reflect the fact that
[04:37:31] room. They are to reflect the fact that folks engaged in those discussions in an
[04:37:33] folks engaged in those discussions in an open exchange of views on the basis of
[04:37:35] open exchange of views on the basis of either their party party positions or
[04:37:38] either their party party positions or their their expert positions. So, thank
[04:37:40] their their expert positions. So, thank you for that reminder. Um I think we now
[04:37:43] you for that reminder. Um I think we now have India online and then and then
[04:37:46] have India online and then and then Bkina Faso online as well. India you
[04:37:49] Bkina Faso online as well. India you have the floor.
[04:37:51] have the floor. >> Thank you very much chair and uh I hope
[04:37:53] >> Thank you very much chair and uh I hope I am audible. Um and thank you for the
[04:37:57] I am audible. Um and thank you for the report back and uh we understand that it
[04:38:00] report back and uh we understand that it is a very difficult uh task to report
[04:38:03] is a very difficult uh task to report back uh all of the discussion in its
[04:38:05] back uh all of the discussion in its entirety. Uh so we just want to
[04:38:07] entirety. Uh so we just want to highlight a a few points which we think
[04:38:10] highlight a a few points which we think uh
[04:38:12] uh which we consider as broad uh not
[04:38:14] which we consider as broad uh not speaking specifically to an uh uh to one
[04:38:17] speaking specifically to an uh uh to one particular topic but across all the
[04:38:19] particular topic but across all the topics that were discussed uh in the
[04:38:21] topics that were discussed uh in the morning. Uh first I think the um in the
[04:38:25] morning. Uh first I think the um in the particular context of food security a
[04:38:27] particular context of food security a discussion of pathways we think requires
[04:38:30] discussion of pathways we think requires careful consideration on the evidence of
[04:38:32] careful consideration on the evidence of what kind of pathways have been promoted
[04:38:34] what kind of pathways have been promoted so far. Um, in the IPCC's uh, six
[04:38:38] so far. Um, in the IPCC's uh, six assessment report, all global pathways
[04:38:40] assessment report, all global pathways uh, especially 1.5 degrees Celsius
[04:38:43] uh, especially 1.5 degrees Celsius pathways rely on large amounts of
[04:38:45] pathways rely on large amounts of land-based mitigation. The more
[04:38:47] land-based mitigation. The more stringent the temperature target, the
[04:38:49] stringent the temperature target, the more dependence on land-based mitigation
[04:38:51] more dependence on land-based mitigation and over 70% of this mitigation,
[04:38:53] and over 70% of this mitigation, land-based mitigation happens in
[04:38:55] land-based mitigation happens in developing countries. This results in
[04:38:57] developing countries. This results in the highest near-term mitigation burden
[04:38:59] the highest near-term mitigation burden on Africa followed by Latin America and
[04:39:02] on Africa followed by Latin America and Asia. Europe and North America have the
[04:39:04] Asia. Europe and North America have the least burden. The ITCC report itself
[04:39:07] least burden. The ITCC report itself says very clearly that these pathways
[04:39:09] says very clearly that these pathways lead to increasing risk of hunger and
[04:39:11] lead to increasing risk of hunger and declining food security by mid-century
[04:39:14] declining food security by mid-century particularly for Africa and South Asia.
[04:39:17] particularly for Africa and South Asia. This happens both due to higher amounts
[04:39:18] This happens both due to higher amounts of land taken for land-based mitigation
[04:39:21] of land taken for land-based mitigation projects such as beex in the global
[04:39:22] projects such as beex in the global south uh as well as the resultant
[04:39:25] south uh as well as the resultant increase in global food prices due to
[04:39:27] increase in global food prices due to more pressure on land. These pathways
[04:39:29] more pressure on land. These pathways therefore completely violate the basic
[04:39:31] therefore completely violate the basic tenets of climate justice. Large amounts
[04:39:34] tenets of climate justice. Large amounts of land are converted to land-based
[04:39:36] of land are converted to land-based mitigation projects because this
[04:39:38] mitigation projects because this provides better revenue due to a quote
[04:39:40] provides better revenue due to a quote unquote a better carbon price as
[04:39:42] unquote a better carbon price as compared to other uses. So this is uh
[04:39:45] compared to other uses. So this is uh something that we think must be very
[04:39:47] something that we think must be very carefully considered even when framing
[04:39:50] carefully considered even when framing questions uh around this. Second chair,
[04:39:53] questions uh around this. Second chair, we are very concerned about the
[04:39:54] we are very concerned about the narrowing of the scope and meaning of
[04:39:57] narrowing of the scope and meaning of the term international cooperation in
[04:39:59] the term international cooperation in the context of the UNFC and its Paris
[04:40:01] the context of the UNFC and its Paris agreement. A key element of
[04:40:03] agreement. A key element of international cooperation is the
[04:40:05] international cooperation is the obligation of developed countries to
[04:40:07] obligation of developed countries to take the lead in mitigation and to
[04:40:09] take the lead in mitigation and to support developing countries in
[04:40:10] support developing countries in undertaking climate action in a manner
[04:40:12] undertaking climate action in a manner that is just and equitable and in line
[04:40:14] that is just and equitable and in line with the principles of CBDRC.
[04:40:17] with the principles of CBDRC. poverty eradication and food security in
[04:40:19] poverty eradication and food security in the context of increasing climate
[04:40:20] the context of increasing climate impacts is a key element here.
[04:40:23] impacts is a key element here. Supporting adaptation related finance
[04:40:25] Supporting adaptation related finance requirements directly and not just as
[04:40:27] requirements directly and not just as some de-risking instrument through
[04:40:29] some de-risking instrument through grant-based finance uh based transfers
[04:40:32] grant-based finance uh based transfers from develop to developing countries is
[04:40:34] from develop to developing countries is therefore essential. This is very
[04:40:36] therefore essential. This is very different from saying you know make sure
[04:40:38] different from saying you know make sure you can create an enabling environment
[04:40:40] you can create an enabling environment for companies so that they can invest in
[04:40:41] for companies so that they can invest in projects where they generate good
[04:40:43] projects where they generate good returns and profits. This is very far
[04:40:46] returns and profits. This is very far from uh thinking of climate finance and
[04:40:48] from uh thinking of climate finance and what is mandated under the Paris
[04:40:50] what is mandated under the Paris agreement under article 9.1 of the Paris
[04:40:53] agreement under article 9.1 of the Paris agreement as an obligation of developed
[04:40:55] agreement as an obligation of developed countries to provide finance uh to
[04:40:58] countries to provide finance uh to developing countries. Third uh we think
[04:41:00] developing countries. Third uh we think it must be ensured that developing
[04:41:02] it must be ensured that developing countries are not burdened to make their
[04:41:04] countries are not burdened to make their just transition pro programs investable
[04:41:06] just transition pro programs investable and bankable. This has been an
[04:41:08] and bankable. This has been an overwhelming focus uh on of the
[04:41:10] overwhelming focus uh on of the discussions so far. The focus of justice
[04:41:13] discussions so far. The focus of justice based approaches should be on how
[04:41:14] based approaches should be on how financiers or investors also for that
[04:41:17] financiers or investors also for that matter are made more aware and
[04:41:18] matter are made more aware and sympathetic to considerations of justice
[04:41:21] sympathetic to considerations of justice at both the international and national
[04:41:23] at both the international and national levels. To ask projects to be more
[04:41:25] levels. To ask projects to be more investable is to absolve investors many
[04:41:27] investable is to absolve investors many of whom are in fact high emitters
[04:41:29] of whom are in fact high emitters themselves from all responsibility in
[04:41:31] themselves from all responsibility in ensuring that their financing mechanisms
[04:41:33] ensuring that their financing mechanisms and portfolios are equitable.
[04:41:36] and portfolios are equitable. Fourth, I think we have emphasized since
[04:41:38] Fourth, I think we have emphasized since yesterday that for developing countries
[04:41:39] yesterday that for developing countries where small holder farmers constitute a
[04:41:41] where small holder farmers constitute a majority of cultivators, adaptation is a
[04:41:44] majority of cultivators, adaptation is a priority. The crucial role of early
[04:41:47] priority. The crucial role of early warning systems and decision support
[04:41:49] warning systems and decision support systems such as aggromed services must
[04:41:51] systems such as aggromed services must be emphasized in this regard. There are
[04:41:54] be emphasized in this regard. There are large gaps. These are these are not uh
[04:41:56] large gaps. These are these are not uh uh you know these are often these are
[04:41:58] uh you know these are often these are projects that are not bankable or
[04:42:00] projects that are not bankable or investable in almost all countries.
[04:42:01] investable in almost all countries. These have been supported by large-scale
[04:42:03] These have been supported by large-scale public programs driven by governments.
[04:42:06] public programs driven by governments. Large gaps remain however particularly
[04:42:08] Large gaps remain however particularly in developing countries due to lack of
[04:42:10] in developing countries due to lack of financing and technology support.
[04:42:13] financing and technology support. Regions where earth observation systems
[04:42:14] Regions where earth observation systems need to be scaled up. Uh meteorological
[04:42:17] need to be scaled up. Uh meteorological advisories and response systems need to
[04:42:19] advisories and response systems need to be enhanced must be supported through
[04:42:21] be enhanced must be supported through grant based finance and making
[04:42:23] grant based finance and making technologies available to developing
[04:42:25] technologies available to developing countries. Technologies such as these
[04:42:27] countries. Technologies such as these that are necessary for ensuring that we
[04:42:29] that are necessary for ensuring that we can protect our people should not be uh
[04:42:32] can protect our people should not be uh inaccessible due to barriers created by
[04:42:34] inaccessible due to barriers created by intellectual property rights. IPR issues
[04:42:37] intellectual property rights. IPR issues must therefore be central in ensuring
[04:42:39] must therefore be central in ensuring just technology access and any
[04:42:41] just technology access and any discussion on enabling environments must
[04:42:43] discussion on enabling environments must not shy away from discussing this issue.
[04:42:46] not shy away from discussing this issue. Finally, we want to emphasize that it is
[04:42:48] Finally, we want to emphasize that it is crucial that an enabling environment is
[04:42:50] crucial that an enabling environment is ensured at the global level first and
[04:42:52] ensured at the global level first and foremost. This is essential. This is the
[04:42:55] foremost. This is essential. This is the essence of international cooperation
[04:42:57] essence of international cooperation which means that the UNFC and its Paris
[04:43:00] which means that the UNFC and its Paris agreement must be implemented in both
[04:43:02] agreement must be implemented in both scope and spirit which in turn means the
[04:43:04] scope and spirit which in turn means the operationalizations of the principles of
[04:43:06] operationalizations of the principles of equity and CBDRC.
[04:43:08] equity and CBDRC. It also means that global disenablers
[04:43:11] It also means that global disenablers such as CBAN which are in violation of
[04:43:13] such as CBAN which are in violation of article 3.5 of the NFC must be rejected.
[04:43:17] article 3.5 of the NFC must be rejected. We heard colleagues yesterday speak
[04:43:18] We heard colleagues yesterday speak about reports that suggest that the
[04:43:20] about reports that suggest that the impact of CBAM are minimal less than.5%
[04:43:23] impact of CBAM are minimal less than.5% on the LDC's. Uh we want to point out
[04:43:26] on the LDC's. Uh we want to point out this is linked to the scale of
[04:43:27] this is linked to the scale of carbonintensive imports into the EU from
[04:43:29] carbonintensive imports into the EU from the LDCs. Uh if there's the same reports
[04:43:32] the LDCs. Uh if there's the same reports that actually discuss this in detail. If
[04:43:34] that actually discuss this in detail. If one takes the impact on developing
[04:43:35] one takes the impact on developing countries as a whole the negative impact
[04:43:38] countries as a whole the negative impact is very significant. Even in the LDC's
[04:43:40] is very significant. Even in the LDC's the aggregate impact mentioned in
[04:43:42] the aggregate impact mentioned in percentage terms hides the absolute
[04:43:44] percentage terms hides the absolute impact at the level of sectors which is
[04:43:46] impact at the level of sectors which is quite significant. The impact this has
[04:43:49] quite significant. The impact this has on commodity prices across the all
[04:43:51] on commodity prices across the all across all countries of the global south
[04:43:53] across all countries of the global south and consequently on food security and
[04:43:56] and consequently on food security and access to food which is a direct
[04:43:58] access to food which is a direct violation of any kind of just transition
[04:44:00] violation of any kind of just transition implementation cannot be simply
[04:44:02] implementation cannot be simply dismissed as a minimal impact. We will
[04:44:05] dismissed as a minimal impact. We will stop here. Thank you chair.
[04:44:09] stop here. Thank you chair. Thank you very much India. Now we have
[04:44:10] Thank you very much India. Now we have Bkina Faso also online.
[04:44:14] Bkina Faso also online. You have the floor.
[04:44:26] Yes, now I'm unmute. Um, good afternoon
[04:44:30] Yes, now I'm unmute. Um, good afternoon uh everyone and thank you for sending
[04:44:32] uh everyone and thank you for sending the interest of time. I won't be uh that
[04:44:36] the interest of time. I won't be uh that um
[04:44:37] um uh long. It's just to to emphasize just
[04:44:40] uh long. It's just to to emphasize just to add on what uh the reporters has put
[04:44:44] to add on what uh the reporters has put on the enabling environment side. I
[04:44:46] on the enabling environment side. I didn't get the opportunity to uh to make
[04:44:49] didn't get the opportunity to uh to make um input as I face it uh electricity
[04:44:53] um input as I face it uh electricity shortcut that is the the reality as well
[04:44:56] shortcut that is the the reality as well that we are facing in and least
[04:44:59] that we are facing in and least developing countries. So um the input
[04:45:02] developing countries. So um the input that I wanted to to emphasize is that
[04:45:05] that I wanted to to emphasize is that it's budgetizing.
[04:45:07] it's budgetizing. If we don't budgetize at the local you
[04:45:10] If we don't budgetize at the local you may have the the finance but if it's not
[04:45:13] may have the the finance but if it's not budgetized at the local level it's way
[04:45:16] budgetized at the local level it's way difficult to make sure that
[04:45:19] difficult to make sure that the lo locally you have the means to
[04:45:22] the lo locally you have the means to implement. This is often the missing
[04:45:25] implement. This is often the missing link in governments. Uh and that is one
[04:45:28] link in governments. Uh and that is one of the critical key examples in Bkina
[04:45:32] of the critical key examples in Bkina Faso that we wanted to share with the
[04:45:34] Faso that we wanted to share with the audience and to see it also reflect uh
[04:45:38] audience and to see it also reflect uh in the report that budgetizing at the
[04:45:40] in the report that budgetizing at the local level. It is important because
[04:45:43] local level. It is important because often it is centralized and the the
[04:45:46] often it is centralized and the the fiscal the collection of uh uh of taxes
[04:45:51] fiscal the collection of uh uh of taxes don't remain at the local level and that
[04:45:54] don't remain at the local level and that is very important to make sure that this
[04:45:56] is very important to make sure that this can be also part of the the enabling
[04:45:59] can be also part of the the enabling environment that we were talking about.
[04:46:02] environment that we were talking about. Another one it's making sure that
[04:46:05] Another one it's making sure that systematically
[04:46:07] systematically we involve local talents, local
[04:46:10] we involve local talents, local universities and the schemes of just
[04:46:13] universities and the schemes of just transition because we do have ways that
[04:46:16] transition because we do have ways that are cheaper that can be scaled and often
[04:46:20] are cheaper that can be scaled and often it's not reflected and those points need
[04:46:24] it's not reflected and those points need to be taken into consideration. Another
[04:46:27] to be taken into consideration. Another point is leveraging in terms of scale
[04:46:30] point is leveraging in terms of scale the regional cooperation centers of the
[04:46:33] the regional cooperation centers of the UNFCC. I think that we do have uh some
[04:46:37] UNFCC. I think that we do have uh some infrastructure that is not leveraged
[04:46:39] infrastructure that is not leveraged enough and I think in terms of capacity
[04:46:42] enough and I think in terms of capacity building again with the mater
[04:46:45] building again with the mater scale up further with the um and
[04:46:48] scale up further with the um and collaboration with the regional
[04:46:50] collaboration with the regional cooperation centers where with the
[04:46:52] cooperation centers where with the toolkit that has been developed and uh
[04:46:55] toolkit that has been developed and uh uh implemented in Bkinaas or in other
[04:46:57] uh implemented in Bkinaas or in other region we can use those powerful tool
[04:47:01] region we can use those powerful tool this exist and also often with uh local
[04:47:05] this exist and also often with uh local development banks. Those are the input
[04:47:07] development banks. Those are the input and interest of time I will stop there
[04:47:09] and interest of time I will stop there and send our inputs in Britain. Thank
[04:47:11] and send our inputs in Britain. Thank you very much and once again
[04:47:13] you very much and once again congratulation to the moderators who
[04:47:15] congratulation to the moderators who guide us through. Thank you very much.
[04:47:18] guide us through. Thank you very much. Over to you Julia.
[04:47:19] Over to you Julia. >> Thank you so much Princess. Thank you
[04:47:21] >> Thank you so much Princess. Thank you for those extra remarks. Much
[04:47:23] for those extra remarks. Much appreciated. Um I am not seeing any
[04:47:26] appreciated. Um I am not seeing any other requests for the floor currently
[04:47:29] other requests for the floor currently either in the room or online.
[04:47:33] either in the room or online. So, thank you again for the to the
[04:47:35] So, thank you again for the to the facilitators for um guiding us through
[04:47:37] facilitators for um guiding us through those sessions and for your report backs
[04:47:39] those sessions and for your report backs and to parties for your active
[04:47:40] and to parties for your active engagement. We're going to break for
[04:47:42] engagement. We're going to break for lunch now. Um going to request that you
[04:47:45] lunch now. Um going to request that you come back at 2:30
[04:47:48] come back at 2:30 um on the dot and we will make this
[04:47:51] um on the dot and we will make this afternoon sessions a little bit shorter
[04:47:53] afternoon sessions a little bit shorter so that we can get out at 6:00 pm. Um
[04:47:57] so that we can get out at 6:00 pm. Um thank you colleagues. We look forward to
[04:47:59] thank you colleagues. We look forward to seeing you back here at 2:30. Thanks.
[05:41:43] Where are you?
[05:44:20] Hello colleagues, can you take your
[05:44:22] Hello colleagues, can you take your seats please?
[05:44:24] seats please? We will get started.
[05:44:27] We will get started. Hope you all had the opportunity for
[05:44:28] Hope you all had the opportunity for some lunch and some coffee,
[05:44:31] some lunch and some coffee, some sunlight.
[05:44:35] All right,
[05:44:37] All right, we are going to continue this afternoon
[05:44:39] we are going to continue this afternoon with a breakout group format with three
[05:44:41] with a breakout group format with three thematic discussions again running in
[05:44:44] thematic discussions again running in parallel. Um, but we have two scene
[05:44:46] parallel. Um, but we have two scene setting presentations to get us started.
[05:44:49] setting presentations to get us started. The first of our first presentation will
[05:44:52] The first of our first presentation will be delivered by Yanik Toper from FAO.
[05:44:56] be delivered by Yanik Toper from FAO. I think Yanuk is coming up. And then
[05:44:58] I think Yanuk is coming up. And then after that we have um Damon, our own
[05:45:01] after that we have um Damon, our own Damon Jones from the UNF Secretariat to
[05:45:04] Damon Jones from the UNF Secretariat to provide a scene setting presentation.
[05:45:09] But over to you, Yanik.
[05:45:26] Just just checking that we have our
[05:45:28] Just just checking that we have our folks online and everything's running
[05:45:31] folks online and everything's running well. Yep. Good. Okay, great.
[05:45:57] Okay. Yeah. Thank you um madame chair
[05:46:00] Okay. Yeah. Thank you um madame chair and distinguished dele delegates uh from
[05:46:03] and distinguished dele delegates uh from my end as well and good afternoon. Um so
[05:46:06] my end as well and good afternoon. Um so as mentioned my my name is Yanaka and I
[05:46:08] as mentioned my my name is Yanaka and I work with the food and agriculture
[05:46:10] work with the food and agriculture organization and specifically um the
[05:46:13] organization and specifically um the regional office for Asia Pacific. So
[05:46:16] regional office for Asia Pacific. So presenting uh this particular work here
[05:46:18] presenting uh this particular work here on behalf of colleagues who have
[05:46:19] on behalf of colleagues who have followed this uh global just transition
[05:46:21] followed this uh global just transition work program uh very closely and are
[05:46:23] work program uh very closely and are also available online and joining the
[05:46:25] also available online and joining the discussions here. Um I believe it might
[05:46:27] discussions here. Um I believe it might be one of the last PowerPoint
[05:46:28] be one of the last PowerPoint presentations of the week. So I'll try
[05:46:30] presentations of the week. So I'll try to keep it um brief. Um but basically
[05:46:33] to keep it um brief. Um but basically the point is um building on the COP 30
[05:46:35] the point is um building on the COP 30 decision on just transition and FAO's
[05:46:38] decision on just transition and FAO's submissions to each of the four previous
[05:46:40] submissions to each of the four previous dialogues. We we warmly welcome this
[05:46:42] dialogues. We we warmly welcome this dialogue's focus specifically on
[05:46:44] dialogue's focus specifically on agriculture and oceans as a decisive
[05:46:47] agriculture and oceans as a decisive step towards operationalizing that COP
[05:46:49] step towards operationalizing that COP 30 mandate. And um I've been asked to
[05:46:52] 30 mandate. And um I've been asked to set the scene here briefly um on the
[05:46:54] set the scene here briefly um on the roles of agriculture, agroecology,
[05:46:56] roles of agriculture, agroecology, agroforestry, circularity and oceanbased
[05:46:59] agroforestry, circularity and oceanbased action in nationally determined
[05:47:01] action in nationally determined transition pathways for this afternoon's
[05:47:03] transition pathways for this afternoon's um breakout discussion on these topics.
[05:47:05] um breakout discussion on these topics. I was quickly going to do so in three
[05:47:07] I was quickly going to do so in three parts. So um just briefly reflecting on
[05:47:11] parts. So um just briefly reflecting on the links between climate, agri food
[05:47:13] the links between climate, agri food systems and food security. Again we've
[05:47:15] systems and food security. Again we've heard much about that this morning
[05:47:16] heard much about that this morning already. Then secondly what a resilient
[05:47:19] already. Then secondly what a resilient lowcarbon and inclusive transformation
[05:47:21] lowcarbon and inclusive transformation looks like in the sector that is on land
[05:47:23] looks like in the sector that is on land and at sea in oceans. And thirdly why
[05:47:26] and at sea in oceans. And thirdly why rights and inclusion must anchor um this
[05:47:29] rights and inclusion must anchor um this type of transition. So the first point
[05:47:31] type of transition. So the first point here on um climate change, agri food
[05:47:34] here on um climate change, agri food systems and food security. I I'd like to
[05:47:36] systems and food security. I I'd like to start um with a few of the facts. Uh
[05:47:38] start um with a few of the facts. Uh some of the these stats we've already
[05:47:40] some of the these stats we've already seen over the course of this morning and
[05:47:42] seen over the course of this morning and yesterday. Um but so um to just call
[05:47:45] yesterday. Um but so um to just call them back into our collective attention.
[05:47:48] them back into our collective attention. In 2024, up to 740 million people faced
[05:47:51] In 2024, up to 740 million people faced hunger and nearly 300 million across 53
[05:47:54] hunger and nearly 300 million across 53 countries were in acute food security
[05:47:56] countries were in acute food security and that is more than double the
[05:47:58] and that is more than double the previous year. In that um the climate
[05:48:01] previous year. In that um the climate change signal is increasingly visible.
[05:48:03] change signal is increasingly visible. So climate change has become a dominant
[05:48:05] So climate change has become a dominant driver of hunger um hunger and
[05:48:07] driver of hunger um hunger and malnutrition in developing countries in
[05:48:09] malnutrition in developing countries in particular. Um in terms of impacts that
[05:48:12] particular. Um in terms of impacts that that unfolds on the lives of people some
[05:48:14] that unfolds on the lives of people some of the statistics there is that 1.3
[05:48:17] of the statistics there is that 1.3 billion people globally are employed in
[05:48:19] billion people globally are employed in agri food systems and a further 3.8
[05:48:22] agri food systems and a further 3.8 billion live in households that depend
[05:48:24] billion live in households that depend on agri food systems for their
[05:48:25] on agri food systems for their livelihoods. uh and that includes
[05:48:27] livelihoods. uh and that includes roughly 600 million people out of which
[05:48:29] roughly 600 million people out of which 500 million um in smallcale activities
[05:48:32] 500 million um in smallcale activities whose whose livelihoods um depend
[05:48:35] whose whose livelihoods um depend specifically on the aquatic food sector.
[05:48:40] specifically on the aquatic food sector. Um so the human consequences of that are
[05:48:43] Um so the human consequences of that are severe. Um, one figure that was not on
[05:48:45] severe. Um, one figure that was not on the previous slide, but um that that
[05:48:47] the previous slide, but um that that comes from the same source, the um FAO
[05:48:50] comes from the same source, the um FAO state of food security report is that
[05:48:53] state of food security report is that 1.9 million um people in 2024 face
[05:48:56] 1.9 million um people in 2024 face catastrophic food um conditions uh food
[05:49:00] catastrophic food um conditions uh food insecurity conditions and that is more
[05:49:02] insecurity conditions and that is more than double the previous year as well.
[05:49:04] than double the previous year as well. 2024 is the latest year for which this
[05:49:06] 2024 is the latest year for which this data is available. And so all of that to
[05:49:08] data is available. And so all of that to say that climate change is an ex
[05:49:09] say that climate change is an ex existential threat um to the right to
[05:49:12] existential threat um to the right to adequate food um that we're here um to
[05:49:15] adequate food um that we're here um to talk about today. And so um while um
[05:49:19] talk about today. And so um while um agri food systems are of course clearly
[05:49:22] agri food systems are of course clearly exposed to climate risks, it is also
[05:49:24] exposed to climate risks, it is also clear that agri food systems the same
[05:49:26] clear that agri food systems the same agri food systems hold the greatest
[05:49:27] agri food systems hold the greatest potential to deliver climate solutions.
[05:49:30] potential to deliver climate solutions. So the scientific evidence on that is is
[05:49:32] So the scientific evidence on that is is is quite clear and we've heard that a
[05:49:34] is quite clear and we've heard that a number of times. Transforming agri food
[05:49:36] number of times. Transforming agri food systems, terrestrial and aquatic um is
[05:49:38] systems, terrestrial and aquatic um is one of the most powerful strategies um
[05:49:40] one of the most powerful strategies um available to deliver on the Paris
[05:49:42] available to deliver on the Paris agreement targets across mitigation,
[05:49:44] agreement targets across mitigation, adaptation and loss and damage and in
[05:49:47] adaptation and loss and damage and in practice that means reshaping how food
[05:49:49] practice that means reshaping how food is produced, distributed and consumed
[05:49:52] is produced, distributed and consumed and how natural resources are managed
[05:49:54] and how natural resources are managed along the way. So that means a
[05:49:55] along the way. So that means a transformation really covering all
[05:49:57] transformation really covering all stages of agri food systems from
[05:50:00] stages of agri food systems from pre-production and production across uh
[05:50:02] pre-production and production across uh retail storage and distribution to its
[05:50:04] retail storage and distribution to its consumption right um I was then going to
[05:50:08] consumption right um I was then going to talk about um specifically the topics of
[05:50:11] talk about um specifically the topics of our breakout discussion so um what
[05:50:13] our breakout discussion so um what practices does this transformation u
[05:50:16] practices does this transformation u mentioned specifically entail um firstly
[05:50:19] mentioned specifically entail um firstly covering land-based approaches here um
[05:50:22] covering land-based approaches here um so on land um and that will be the topic
[05:50:24] so on land um and that will be the topic I believe of the first breakout group.
[05:50:26] I believe of the first breakout group. Um, climate smart agological,
[05:50:28] Um, climate smart agological, agroforestry and circular economy
[05:50:30] agroforestry and circular economy practices are um certainly proven
[05:50:33] practices are um certainly proven pathways that can cut emissions, restore
[05:50:35] pathways that can cut emissions, restore biodiversity, strengthen food security
[05:50:38] biodiversity, strengthen food security and improve rural livelihoods at the
[05:50:40] and improve rural livelihoods at the same time. The IPCC estimates that um
[05:50:43] same time. The IPCC estimates that um augu um could deliver up to onethird of
[05:50:46] augu um could deliver up to onethird of the mitigation needed to limit global
[05:50:48] the mitigation needed to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees. Um, and
[05:50:51] warming to 1.5 degrees. Um, and countries are already advancing these
[05:50:53] countries are already advancing these approaches. climate smart agriculture,
[05:50:54] approaches. climate smart agriculture, agro agroecology, agroforestry and
[05:50:57] agro agroecology, agroforestry and circular economy approaches. Um FAO
[05:51:00] circular economy approaches. Um FAO stands ready and collaborates with uh
[05:51:01] stands ready and collaborates with uh countries on these practices. Um some
[05:51:04] countries on these practices. Um some examples on screen here include um the
[05:51:07] examples on screen here include um the definition or basically the agreement on
[05:51:09] definition or basically the agreement on a common understanding of 10 elements
[05:51:11] a common understanding of 10 elements that agroecology comprises. Um as well
[05:51:15] that agroecology comprises. Um as well as particular tools supporting countries
[05:51:18] as particular tools supporting countries in advancing agroecology. One on screen
[05:51:20] in advancing agroecology. One on screen here is the tool for agroecology
[05:51:22] here is the tool for agroecology performance evaluation that helps with
[05:51:24] performance evaluation that helps with planning and monitoring agroecology at
[05:51:27] planning and monitoring agroecology at different levels. Um I mentioned
[05:51:28] different levels. Um I mentioned agroforestry. Um approaches supported
[05:51:31] agroforestry. Um approaches supported there include strengthening agroforestry
[05:51:33] there include strengthening agroforestry through farmer centered systems and
[05:51:35] through farmer centered systems and similar monitoring tools and national
[05:51:36] similar monitoring tools and national strategies and uh climate smart
[05:51:39] strategies and uh climate smart agriculture is of course a key concept
[05:51:42] agriculture is of course a key concept driving our work in this space. Um
[05:51:44] driving our work in this space. Um turning to oceans and oceanbased
[05:51:47] turning to oceans and oceanbased approaches. oceans certainly regulate
[05:51:49] approaches. oceans certainly regulate our climate and our major carbon sink
[05:51:51] our climate and our major carbon sink but aquatic foods remain one of the more
[05:51:53] but aquatic foods remain one of the more underutilized pathways for climate
[05:51:55] underutilized pathways for climate action. So even though um the carbon
[05:51:59] action. So even though um the carbon footprint of carbon footprint of aquatic
[05:52:01] footprint of carbon footprint of aquatic foods is low and there's a strong growth
[05:52:04] foods is low and there's a strong growth potential um this is this is um there's
[05:52:07] potential um this is this is um there's there's room to increase recognition and
[05:52:09] there's room to increase recognition and reflection of that in national
[05:52:11] reflection of that in national strategies and of the uh potential in
[05:52:13] strategies and of the uh potential in terms of adaptation and mitigation
[05:52:14] terms of adaptation and mitigation benefits that these strategies can
[05:52:16] benefits that these strategies can deliver. FAO and partners have worked to
[05:52:19] deliver. FAO and partners have worked to elevate oceans um in the UNFC as well as
[05:52:23] elevate oceans um in the UNFC as well as aquatic foods. Um and so it's great to
[05:52:25] aquatic foods. Um and so it's great to see that recognized in in today's
[05:52:27] see that recognized in in today's breakout discussions. For example, at
[05:52:29] breakout discussions. For example, at country level, FAO supports parties um
[05:52:31] country level, FAO supports parties um through examples um on screen here, the
[05:52:34] through examples um on screen here, the NDC fish guidelines for integrating
[05:52:36] NDC fish guidelines for integrating aquatic foods into NDC's as well as um
[05:52:39] aquatic foods into NDC's as well as um for example the smallcale fisheries
[05:52:41] for example the smallcale fisheries guidelines.
[05:52:43] guidelines. Um so I spoke about land-based
[05:52:46] Um so I spoke about land-based approaches and oceanbased approaches in
[05:52:48] approaches and oceanbased approaches in both cases whether at land or at sea. Um
[05:52:50] both cases whether at land or at sea. Um just transition interventions must
[05:52:52] just transition interventions must address not only climate impacts but as
[05:52:55] address not only climate impacts but as we've heard throughout the two days of
[05:52:57] we've heard throughout the two days of course also structural drivers of
[05:52:59] course also structural drivers of inequality, poverty, hunger and climate
[05:53:01] inequality, poverty, hunger and climate vulnerability that characterize agri
[05:53:03] vulnerability that characterize agri food systems. And um those include the
[05:53:07] food systems. And um those include the uneven distribution of risks among poor
[05:53:09] uneven distribution of risks among poor and marginalized rural and coastal
[05:53:11] and marginalized rural and coastal communities.
[05:53:13] communities. What that means more specifically um or
[05:53:16] What that means more specifically um or one way to think about it is that um a
[05:53:18] one way to think about it is that um a just transition in agri food systems is
[05:53:20] just transition in agri food systems is of course not a menu of mere win-wins,
[05:53:23] of course not a menu of mere win-wins, right? Um instead it involves clear and
[05:53:26] right? Um instead it involves clear and real trade-offs and um naming these
[05:53:29] real trade-offs and um naming these trade-offs and managing them um we think
[05:53:32] trade-offs and managing them um we think is the winning approach. Some examples
[05:53:34] is the winning approach. Some examples of what these trade-offs are and some of
[05:53:36] of what these trade-offs are and some of them have already come up as well um
[05:53:39] them have already come up as well um include a potential trade-off between
[05:53:41] include a potential trade-off between mitigation objectives and food security.
[05:53:45] mitigation objectives and food security. So, so um examples there include that
[05:53:48] So, so um examples there include that land-based mitigation such as bio
[05:53:50] land-based mitigation such as bio energy, a forestation or offsets can
[05:53:52] energy, a forestation or offsets can compete with food production under
[05:53:54] compete with food production under certain circumstances as well as with
[05:53:56] certain circumstances as well as with water management and small hold small
[05:53:58] water management and small hold small holder tenure. um if these projects are
[05:54:01] holder tenure. um if these projects are poorly cited or governed. Um a second
[05:54:04] poorly cited or governed. Um a second potential trade-off um or in in this
[05:54:07] potential trade-off um or in in this categorization here can lie in between
[05:54:09] categorization here can lie in between um conservation objectives and
[05:54:11] um conservation objectives and livelihoods. So examples include
[05:54:14] livelihoods. So examples include protected areas or seasonal closures as
[05:54:16] protected areas or seasonal closures as well as restrictions on higher impact
[05:54:19] well as restrictions on higher impact fishing or grazing. Um that all can
[05:54:21] fishing or grazing. Um that all can deliver environmental gains including
[05:54:23] deliver environmental gains including mitigation and biodiversity um benefits.
[05:54:27] mitigation and biodiversity um benefits. But these types of conservation measures
[05:54:28] But these types of conservation measures can impose short-term losses on
[05:54:30] can impose short-term losses on small-scale farmers, fishes,
[05:54:32] small-scale farmers, fishes, pastoralists, and indigenous communities
[05:54:34] pastoralists, and indigenous communities unless in under these circumstances they
[05:54:37] unless in under these circumstances they are paired with alternative livelihood
[05:54:38] are paired with alternative livelihood options or transition finance. Um, and
[05:54:42] options or transition finance. Um, and the last um trade-off in this
[05:54:43] the last um trade-off in this categorization here is that potential
[05:54:46] categorization here is that potential trade-off between efficiency and equity.
[05:54:49] trade-off between efficiency and equity. So intensification of production as well
[05:54:51] So intensification of production as well as digitalization can cut emissions
[05:54:54] as digitalization can cut emissions intensity if done sustainably but can
[05:54:56] intensity if done sustainably but can but can concentrate benefits in larger
[05:54:59] but can concentrate benefits in larger operations. Um so in in in the course of
[05:55:02] operations. Um so in in in the course of that um holds the risk of squeezing um
[05:55:06] that um holds the risk of squeezing um squeezing small holders women youth and
[05:55:08] squeezing small holders women youth and informal agri food workers. So putting
[05:55:10] informal agri food workers. So putting them at a disadvantage. Um and so as
[05:55:12] them at a disadvantage. Um and so as mentioned naming these trade-offs does
[05:55:15] mentioned naming these trade-offs does not weaken the case for the
[05:55:16] not weaken the case for the transformation that's needed but instead
[05:55:18] transformation that's needed but instead we think it strengthen it. It
[05:55:20] we think it strengthen it. It strengthens the case and makes
[05:55:21] strengthens the case and makes management possible um and facilitates
[05:55:25] management possible um and facilitates that. So um when climate action is
[05:55:30] that. So um when climate action is designed without the meaningful
[05:55:32] designed without the meaningful participation of those who live and work
[05:55:34] participation of those who live and work in agri food systems, it can do harm.
[05:55:36] in agri food systems, it can do harm. That's the point of the previous slide.
[05:55:38] That's the point of the previous slide. there are these real trade-offs, right?
[05:55:40] there are these real trade-offs, right? Um and in one way to think about the
[05:55:44] Um and in one way to think about the risks that emanate from these trade-offs
[05:55:46] risks that emanate from these trade-offs and that must be managed to um avoid
[05:55:49] and that must be managed to um avoid suboptimal outcomes in navigating these
[05:55:51] suboptimal outcomes in navigating these trade-offs. One way to think about these
[05:55:53] trade-offs. One way to think about these risks is that there are three that stand
[05:55:54] risks is that there are three that stand out in particular. One is um the
[05:55:57] out in particular. One is um the exclusion of communities from decision-
[05:55:59] exclusion of communities from decision- making. Um a second risk uh might lie in
[05:56:01] making. Um a second risk uh might lie in the mal adaptation that locks in
[05:56:03] the mal adaptation that locks in vulnerability of these groups um
[05:56:06] vulnerability of these groups um depending on agri food systems and
[05:56:08] depending on agri food systems and thirdly dispossession um of of
[05:56:10] thirdly dispossession um of of communities through poorly governed land
[05:56:12] communities through poorly governed land ocean and finance instruments. And on
[05:56:14] ocean and finance instruments. And on screen here we have three responses that
[05:56:16] screen here we have three responses that specifically in this categorization can
[05:56:18] specifically in this categorization can respond to these risks. uh they include
[05:56:21] respond to these risks. uh they include right rights based frameworks anchoring
[05:56:23] right rights based frameworks anchoring climate policy in the right to adequate
[05:56:25] climate policy in the right to adequate food in particular as well as related
[05:56:27] food in particular as well as related rights based frameworks um mentioned on
[05:56:29] rights based frameworks um mentioned on screen here. Secondly, climate adaptive
[05:56:31] screen here. Secondly, climate adaptive social protections already come up as
[05:56:33] social protections already come up as well um and locally led and
[05:56:35] well um and locally led and participatory governance that enables
[05:56:37] participatory governance that enables farmers and agri food systems actors to
[05:56:39] farmers and agri food systems actors to shape just transition planning. So
[05:56:42] shape just transition planning. So integrating these safeguards is not only
[05:56:44] integrating these safeguards is not only the right thing to do we think but is an
[05:56:46] the right thing to do we think but is an instrumental um element of um making a
[05:56:50] instrumental um element of um making a case for increased and equitable access
[05:56:52] case for increased and equitable access to climate finance um for agri food
[05:56:55] to climate finance um for agri food systems um which we all know um is um a
[05:57:00] systems um which we all know um is um a type of climate finance that that
[05:57:02] type of climate finance that that warrants um augmentation.
[05:57:05] warrants um augmentation. So, as promised, I will keep it to that.
[05:57:08] So, as promised, I will keep it to that. And um with that, just wanted to
[05:57:10] And um with that, just wanted to reiterate that FAO stands ready to
[05:57:12] reiterate that FAO stands ready to support parties um in translating the
[05:57:14] support parties um in translating the COP 30 mandate into concrete national
[05:57:17] COP 30 mandate into concrete national policies, plans and programs at national
[05:57:19] policies, plans and programs at national level and um would once again like to
[05:57:23] level and um would once again like to thank the chair and delegates in the
[05:57:24] thank the chair and delegates in the room and look forward to the breakout
[05:57:26] room and look forward to the breakout discussion. Thank you.
[05:57:29] discussion. Thank you. >> Thank you so much, Yanick.
[05:57:34] very useful and timely presentation. Now
[05:57:37] very useful and timely presentation. Now we're going to turn to Damon Jones from
[05:57:39] we're going to turn to Damon Jones from the UNF Secretary for his seed setting
[05:57:42] the UNF Secretary for his seed setting presentation. Over to you Damon.
[05:57:46] presentation. Over to you Damon. >> Thank you very much Julia and uh thanks
[05:57:50] >> Thank you very much Julia and uh thanks everyone for the chance to to provide
[05:57:52] everyone for the chance to to provide this this presentation. Um this is
[05:57:54] this this presentation. Um this is relating to the the topic three in our
[05:57:57] relating to the the topic three in our um breakout discussions this afternoon.
[05:57:59] um breakout discussions this afternoon. um looking ahead to the potential roles
[05:58:02] um looking ahead to the potential roles of the just transition work program and
[05:58:04] of the just transition work program and the just transition mechanism. So what
[05:58:07] the just transition mechanism. So what I'm trying to do here just in a few
[05:58:08] I'm trying to do here just in a few minutes is just set the scene um for
[05:58:11] minutes is just set the scene um for your discussions um and what I'm doing
[05:58:13] your discussions um and what I'm doing isn't in any way intended to be um
[05:58:16] isn't in any way intended to be um entirely exhaustive or comprehensive. is
[05:58:19] entirely exhaustive or comprehensive. is illustrative of some examples um in
[05:58:22] illustrative of some examples um in terms of where we've come from, where
[05:58:24] terms of where we've come from, where we're going under the just transition
[05:58:25] we're going under the just transition work program, the mandates for this year
[05:58:28] work program, the mandates for this year and uh and some of the examples that are
[05:58:31] and uh and some of the examples that are coming through the the many really
[05:58:33] coming through the the many really valuable submissions that we've had from
[05:58:34] valuable submissions that we've had from all of you um and others um who aren't
[05:58:37] all of you um and others um who aren't able to be here through through the
[05:58:39] able to be here through through the submission calls um this year. So, if if
[05:58:42] submission calls um this year. So, if if you can go to the next slide, please.
[05:58:46] So this is really just to to represent
[05:58:49] So this is really just to to represent um the fact that we've come a long way
[05:58:52] um the fact that we've come a long way under the just transition work program
[05:58:54] under the just transition work program as you all know um over the last um last
[05:58:57] as you all know um over the last um last few years and particularly the last um
[05:59:00] few years and particularly the last um last couple of years um or since 2024
[05:59:03] last couple of years um or since 2024 when we started the dialogues um and
[05:59:05] when we started the dialogues um and really from from its operationalization
[05:59:08] really from from its operationalization um under 3CMA 5 and the now almost
[05:59:12] um under 3CMA 5 and the now almost concluded five dialogues under the work
[05:59:14] concluded five dialogues under the work program as well as the decisions and in
[05:59:17] program as well as the decisions and in particular the decision last year in BM
[05:59:20] particular the decision last year in BM um to CMA7
[05:59:22] um to CMA7 um with all its components um including
[05:59:24] um with all its components um including the decision to develop a just
[05:59:27] the decision to develop a just transition mechanism um and then the
[05:59:30] transition mechanism um and then the import important work this year um to
[05:59:32] import important work this year um to make decisions about the future of the
[05:59:34] make decisions about the future of the work program uh and uh the further
[05:59:37] work program uh and uh the further mandates around um the issues we're
[05:59:40] mandates around um the issues we're discussing um in our breakout session.
[05:59:43] discussing um in our breakout session. Um next slide.
[05:59:46] Um next slide. And as as we know the uh the decision
[05:59:50] And as as we know the uh the decision last year in BM had a big impact. Um it
[05:59:54] last year in BM had a big impact. Um it was a it was a very significant decision
[05:59:56] was a it was a very significant decision a big landmark milestone in the context
[05:59:59] a big landmark milestone in the context of just transition under our process um
[06:00:02] of just transition under our process um and in the context of what um it
[06:00:04] and in the context of what um it recognized in terms of the work to date
[06:00:06] recognized in terms of the work to date and also the tasks ahead for us all in
[06:00:10] and also the tasks ahead for us all in terms of uh future work. But it also set
[06:00:13] terms of uh future work. But it also set um a high bar of expectation. The
[06:00:15] um a high bar of expectation. The foundation has been set by um by the
[06:00:19] foundation has been set by um by the decision on a number of fronts. Um and I
[06:00:21] decision on a number of fronts. Um and I guess the message is as we all know
[06:00:23] guess the message is as we all know there's there's plenty of work and very
[06:00:25] there's there's plenty of work and very important work ahead of us um this year
[06:00:28] important work ahead of us um this year um and beyond that in terms of um giving
[06:00:31] um and beyond that in terms of um giving form and operationalizing different
[06:00:33] form and operationalizing different aspects of that. Next slide.
[06:00:38] aspects of that. Next slide. And given our context here in the
[06:00:40] And given our context here in the dialogue, I just wanted to highlight uh
[06:00:42] dialogue, I just wanted to highlight uh the very significant role of the
[06:00:44] the very significant role of the dialogues in terms of the the key
[06:00:46] dialogues in terms of the the key messages um and the the impact of the
[06:00:49] messages um and the the impact of the work that we've that you all have been
[06:00:51] work that we've that you all have been doing in the dialogues and how that
[06:00:54] doing in the dialogues and how that translated into the decision in BM. Um
[06:00:58] translated into the decision in BM. Um and you can go to the next slide. I'm
[06:01:00] and you can go to the next slide. I'm not I'm not expecting everyone to read
[06:01:01] not I'm not expecting everyone to read these. I'm sure you you've memorized all
[06:01:03] these. I'm sure you you've memorized all this from and know it intimately from
[06:01:05] this from and know it intimately from negotiations last year. Um but really
[06:01:08] negotiations last year. Um but really it's to make the point that there's
[06:01:09] it's to make the point that there's there's a very rich uh range of um
[06:01:12] there's a very rich uh range of um messages and issues and uh aspects to do
[06:01:15] messages and issues and uh aspects to do with just transitions um in these
[06:01:18] with just transitions um in these paragraphs um as well as through the
[06:01:20] paragraphs um as well as through the rest of the decision um in the context
[06:01:22] rest of the decision um in the context of the other other elements of the
[06:01:24] of the other other elements of the decision. Um but this is really
[06:01:26] decision. Um but this is really reflecting uh the work of the the four
[06:01:28] reflecting uh the work of the the four dialogues um up until the point of last
[06:01:31] dialogues um up until the point of last year and just and as we've heard in the
[06:01:33] year and just and as we've heard in the in the dialogue here in terms of many
[06:01:35] in the dialogue here in terms of many participants referring to elements in
[06:01:38] participants referring to elements in that paragraph in relation to its
[06:01:40] that paragraph in relation to its significance in the context of climate
[06:01:43] significance in the context of climate action and related aspects um given its
[06:01:46] action and related aspects um given its crosscutting nature. Next slide.
[06:01:50] crosscutting nature. Next slide. So looking forward, I wanted to spend a
[06:01:53] So looking forward, I wanted to spend a couple of minutes just
[06:01:56] couple of minutes just zooming in on the work ahead this year
[06:01:58] zooming in on the work ahead this year that we're all very familiar with by
[06:02:00] that we're all very familiar with by now, but just to um to represent that on
[06:02:03] now, but just to um to represent that on a couple of slides um to help our
[06:02:05] a couple of slides um to help our discussion in the breakout group. Um the
[06:02:08] discussion in the breakout group. Um the mandate and it's in three parts. the
[06:02:10] mandate and it's in three parts. the mandate on the implementation of the of
[06:02:11] mandate on the implementation of the of the work program. As we know, we're
[06:02:14] the work program. As we know, we're there's an opportunity in bond and then
[06:02:16] there's an opportunity in bond and then in at COP at the end of the year to
[06:02:19] in at COP at the end of the year to reflect on on these dialogues and the
[06:02:21] reflect on on these dialogues and the messages and learnings and
[06:02:23] messages and learnings and opportunities, solutions, etc. coming
[06:02:24] opportunities, solutions, etc. coming out of them um and how parties would
[06:02:28] out of them um and how parties would like to see those reflected um in the
[06:02:30] like to see those reflected um in the outcome this year. Um we also know from
[06:02:33] outcome this year. Um we also know from the um from the decision in 2CMA7 that
[06:02:37] the um from the decision in 2CMA7 that there was some further um emphasis in
[06:02:40] there was some further um emphasis in terms of um how we do that work. It
[06:02:42] terms of um how we do that work. It emphasized um the importance of
[06:02:44] emphasized um the importance of comprehensively and systematically
[06:02:46] comprehensively and systematically considering all elements of the work
[06:02:48] considering all elements of the work program as outlined in paragraph 2 of
[06:02:49] program as outlined in paragraph 2 of 3C5 and we know this I mean this
[06:02:52] 3C5 and we know this I mean this dialogue is specifically um seeking to
[06:02:54] dialogue is specifically um seeking to contribute to that effort. Um we also
[06:02:57] contribute to that effort. Um we also know that there are some other um
[06:02:59] know that there are some other um invitations and messages in the in the
[06:03:01] invitations and messages in the in the decision. Um for example inviting the
[06:03:03] decision. Um for example inviting the work program to integrate the outcomes
[06:03:05] work program to integrate the outcomes of the first global stock take relevant
[06:03:06] of the first global stock take relevant to just transition in line with
[06:03:08] to just transition in line with paragraph 186. Um then when we come to
[06:03:11] paragraph 186. Um then when we come to the review um the review is a is a a
[06:03:14] the review um the review is a is a a standing mandate that's been there since
[06:03:16] standing mandate that's been there since um since 3M5
[06:03:18] um since 3M5 u but we know from the decision in BM
[06:03:21] u but we know from the decision in BM that it gave um the request to the
[06:03:23] that it gave um the request to the subsidiary bodies to develop the terms
[06:03:25] subsidiary bodies to develop the terms of reference for the review at the
[06:03:27] of reference for the review at the session in Bon. Hence the focus of that
[06:03:30] session in Bon. Hence the focus of that in our discussion today um in the
[06:03:33] in our discussion today um in the context of our topic um on food
[06:03:35] context of our topic um on food security. Um
[06:03:37] security. Um and then uh in terms of the um
[06:03:43] and then uh in terms of the um operationalization of the of the just
[06:03:46] operationalization of the of the just transition mechanism um we know that
[06:03:50] transition mechanism um we know that that obviously had very um important um
[06:03:53] that obviously had very um important um guidance in the decision itself but a
[06:03:55] guidance in the decision itself but a lot of further work to elaborate and
[06:03:57] lot of further work to elaborate and design and operationalize aspects of
[06:03:59] design and operationalize aspects of that. We know that it talks to the
[06:04:01] that. We know that it talks to the purpose which is to enhance
[06:04:02] purpose which is to enhance international cooperation technical
[06:04:04] international cooperation technical assistance, capacity building and
[06:04:06] assistance, capacity building and knowledge sharing and enable equitable
[06:04:08] knowledge sharing and enable equitable inclusive just transitions. Um and it
[06:04:11] inclusive just transitions. Um and it signals that it should be implemented um
[06:04:13] signals that it should be implemented um in a manner that builds on and
[06:04:15] in a manner that builds on and complements relevant work streams under
[06:04:17] complements relevant work streams under the convention and the Paris agreement
[06:04:20] the convention and the Paris agreement um including the the just transition
[06:04:22] um including the the just transition work program. Um in relation to the uh
[06:04:25] work program. Um in relation to the uh the mapping um
[06:04:29] the mapping um that's uh that's obviously a a very
[06:04:31] that's uh that's obviously a a very important exercise this year in relation
[06:04:33] important exercise this year in relation to and in the decision specifically
[06:04:35] to and in the decision specifically links into it being an input uh to the
[06:04:38] links into it being an input uh to the to the uh the review process for the
[06:04:41] to the uh the review process for the just transition work program. Um we also
[06:04:44] just transition work program. Um we also know and we've seen this come through in
[06:04:45] know and we've seen this come through in the submissions already in terms of the
[06:04:47] the submissions already in terms of the the relevance of that in the context of
[06:04:50] the relevance of that in the context of uh of the design and operationalization
[06:04:52] uh of the design and operationalization for just transition mechanism. Um next
[06:04:56] for just transition mechanism. Um next slide please.
[06:04:59] slide please. So turning specifically to the uh to the
[06:05:02] So turning specifically to the uh to the role to the discussion today which is as
[06:05:04] role to the discussion today which is as you know the role of the work program
[06:05:07] you know the role of the work program including um following its review um and
[06:05:11] including um following its review um and obviously that's without prejudice to
[06:05:13] obviously that's without prejudice to any outcome of the review. The review
[06:05:14] any outcome of the review. The review has to make the decision about the
[06:05:15] has to make the decision about the future of the work program this year. Um
[06:05:18] future of the work program this year. Um and and the uh and the mechanism in
[06:05:21] and and the uh and the mechanism in terms of advancing
[06:05:23] terms of advancing um
[06:05:25] um the design of uh nationally determined
[06:05:28] the design of uh nationally determined just transition pathways for holistic
[06:05:30] just transition pathways for holistic approaches to food security including
[06:05:31] approaches to food security including with a focus on agriculture and oceans.
[06:05:33] with a focus on agriculture and oceans. So looking at how both of those aspects
[06:05:36] So looking at how both of those aspects the work program and the mechanism um
[06:05:40] the work program and the mechanism um can contribute in that context. Um this
[06:05:42] can contribute in that context. Um this slide and this slide and the next slide
[06:05:44] slide and this slide and the next slide is is very much illustrative just a
[06:05:47] is is very much illustrative just a sample of a few examples taken directly
[06:05:49] sample of a few examples taken directly from submissions from um from parties
[06:05:52] from submissions from um from parties and non-party stakeholders. There's
[06:05:54] and non-party stakeholders. There's there's nothing in here that's uh
[06:05:56] there's nothing in here that's uh outside of submissions. Um and it's not
[06:05:59] outside of submissions. Um and it's not supposed to be exhaustive in any way.
[06:06:00] supposed to be exhaustive in any way. It's just illustrative examples. Um but
[06:06:02] It's just illustrative examples. Um but this is there wasn't a lot in terms of
[06:06:05] this is there wasn't a lot in terms of direct um reference to future of the
[06:06:09] direct um reference to future of the work program specifically on this topic.
[06:06:12] work program specifically on this topic. Um but there were still some sample
[06:06:16] Um but there were still some sample signals coming through and some of those
[06:06:17] signals coming through and some of those are outlined on the slide there in terms
[06:06:19] are outlined on the slide there in terms of ensuring focused topics with well-
[06:06:21] of ensuring focused topics with well- definfined subtopics in terms of um
[06:06:25] definfined subtopics in terms of um moving from a phase of dialogue to a
[06:06:29] moving from a phase of dialogue to a more implementation effective support.
[06:06:31] more implementation effective support. um phase in terms of um supporting
[06:06:34] um phase in terms of um supporting countries in terms of their just
[06:06:35] countries in terms of their just transition policies um etc. There were
[06:06:38] transition policies um etc. There were also um things on the relationship
[06:06:41] also um things on the relationship between complimentarities between the
[06:06:43] between complimentarities between the work program and the just transition
[06:06:45] work program and the just transition mechanism um and how the JWP can support
[06:06:48] mechanism um and how the JWP can support the review process um and uh as well as
[06:06:52] the review process um and uh as well as the mechanism itself. Uh next slide
[06:06:58] and again this is taken taken directly
[06:07:00] and again this is taken taken directly from submissions. There was there was a
[06:07:01] from submissions. There was there was a lot more in the submissions and partly
[06:07:03] lot more in the submissions and partly because the there was an explicit call
[06:07:05] because the there was an explicit call in terms of submissions as you know on
[06:07:07] in terms of submissions as you know on the just transition mechanism and many
[06:07:09] the just transition mechanism and many submissions came through. These are
[06:07:11] submissions came through. These are largely from non-party stakeholders.
[06:07:12] largely from non-party stakeholders. There were very significant number of
[06:07:14] There were very significant number of submissions um in addition to the party
[06:07:16] submissions um in addition to the party submissions um on the mechanism and and
[06:07:19] submissions um on the mechanism and and there there was quite a rich array of uh
[06:07:22] there there was quite a rich array of uh suggestions and and views around um the
[06:07:26] suggestions and and views around um the context of the mechanism as it relates
[06:07:28] context of the mechanism as it relates to our topic here um yesterday and
[06:07:30] to our topic here um yesterday and today. Um here's a sample which goes to
[06:07:33] today. Um here's a sample which goes to a range of issues in terms of ways of
[06:07:36] a range of issues in terms of ways of integrating just transition in the
[06:07:38] integrating just transition in the context of um agri food systems and
[06:07:41] context of um agri food systems and agricultural rural sectors um and in the
[06:07:44] agricultural rural sectors um and in the context of food systems transitions. It
[06:07:46] context of food systems transitions. It talks about support. It talks about
[06:07:48] talks about support. It talks about guidance. It talks about assessment um
[06:07:51] guidance. It talks about assessment um it talks about ensuring broad
[06:07:53] it talks about ensuring broad participation um and a range of things
[06:07:55] participation um and a range of things in that context. And so that's um
[06:07:58] in that context. And so that's um starting to give a a sense of that and
[06:08:00] starting to give a a sense of that and really just a starting point for for the
[06:08:02] really just a starting point for for the discussions in the breakout group to
[06:08:04] discussions in the breakout group to really elaborate on ideas around that.
[06:08:07] really elaborate on ideas around that. How can both the review uh and and the
[06:08:09] How can both the review uh and and the further implementation of the just
[06:08:11] further implementation of the just transition work program um this year and
[06:08:14] transition work program um this year and if it continues next year and beyond um
[06:08:19] if it continues next year and beyond um inform and how can the mechanism um
[06:08:21] inform and how can the mechanism um contribute in the context of our topic?
[06:08:24] contribute in the context of our topic? Uh and final slide.
[06:08:30] And just to finish on the mapping, I
[06:08:32] And just to finish on the mapping, I know there's been quite a number of
[06:08:33] know there's been quite a number of questions um that we've had while we've
[06:08:36] questions um that we've had while we've been here and beforehand around the
[06:08:37] been here and beforehand around the mapping exercise, which as you know is
[06:08:39] mapping exercise, which as you know is is part of the mandate out of 2CA7.
[06:08:42] is part of the mandate out of 2CA7. Um just to be uh
[06:08:45] Um just to be uh to provide an update on plans for that
[06:08:47] to provide an update on plans for that so everyone's on the same page with
[06:08:50] so everyone's on the same page with that. Um what we're proposing to do is a
[06:08:52] that. Um what we're proposing to do is a two-staged approach. Um we want to
[06:08:54] two-staged approach. Um we want to produce a product. This is a mandate for
[06:08:56] produce a product. This is a mandate for the secretariat produc to produce this
[06:08:58] the secretariat produc to produce this mapping exercise. um before bond to
[06:09:02] mapping exercise. um before bond to produce a an interim product um a
[06:09:05] produce a an interim product um a product that won't have any status or
[06:09:06] product that won't have any status or any uh finality about it a working tool
[06:09:09] any uh finality about it a working tool if you if you like to um to start to map
[06:09:13] if you if you like to um to start to map out the exercise from the work we've
[06:09:14] out the exercise from the work we've been doing and will do up until bon um
[06:09:17] been doing and will do up until bon um around within the UNFC process and
[06:09:20] around within the UNFC process and within the UN system as per the mandate
[06:09:22] within the UN system as per the mandate and to give that and provide that to um
[06:09:26] and to give that and provide that to um to the room for engagement um for
[06:09:28] to the room for engagement um for feedback uh to use in the context of our
[06:09:32] feedback uh to use in the context of our work in Bon, but then to go um after
[06:09:35] work in Bon, but then to go um after Bond to do some more detailed work to
[06:09:37] Bond to do some more detailed work to build on that to respond to the feedback
[06:09:40] build on that to respond to the feedback um in the purposes of for the purposes
[06:09:42] um in the purposes of for the purposes of developing the synthesis report as
[06:09:44] of developing the synthesis report as per the mandate and have that ready um
[06:09:46] per the mandate and have that ready um ahead of um COP in November for the
[06:09:49] ahead of um COP in November for the purposes of CMA8. Uh so that's just to
[06:09:52] purposes of CMA8. Uh so that's just to provide clarity on that. um obviously
[06:09:55] provide clarity on that. um obviously happy to discuss that um offline as well
[06:09:57] happy to discuss that um offline as well but uh that's all I really wanted to
[06:10:00] but uh that's all I really wanted to cover and so thanks very much for the
[06:10:01] cover and so thanks very much for the chance and um good luck in your
[06:10:03] chance and um good luck in your discussions. Thanks.
[06:10:12] >> Thank you so much Aman. Okay everyone,
[06:10:15] >> Thank you so much Aman. Okay everyone, so now we're moving to our breakout
[06:10:17] so now we're moving to our breakout discussions following the same format as
[06:10:20] discussions following the same format as the discussion rounds this morning.
[06:10:22] the discussion rounds this morning. You'll have three thematic discussions
[06:10:23] You'll have three thematic discussions running in parallel. Um and each topic
[06:10:27] running in parallel. Um and each topic will be guided by the guiding questions
[06:10:29] will be guided by the guiding questions that you've seen in the agenda. So the
[06:10:32] that you've seen in the agenda. So the first topic is agriculture, agroecology,
[06:10:34] first topic is agriculture, agroecology, agroforestry and circularity in
[06:10:36] agroforestry and circularity in nationally determined transition
[06:10:38] nationally determined transition pathways that enhance food security. The
[06:10:41] pathways that enhance food security. The second is um oceanbased action in
[06:10:44] second is um oceanbased action in nationally determined just transition
[06:10:46] nationally determined just transition pathways that enhance food security. And
[06:10:48] pathways that enhance food security. And the third is looking ahead the potential
[06:10:51] the third is looking ahead the potential roles of the UAE just transition work
[06:10:54] roles of the UAE just transition work program and of the just transition
[06:10:56] program and of the just transition mechanism. Um we will have these
[06:10:59] mechanism. Um we will have these discussions run for around 35 minutes
[06:11:04] discussions run for around 35 minutes quick 10-minute break in between as this
[06:11:06] quick 10-minute break in between as this morning. Um
[06:11:09] morning. Um oh and just to note that the first two
[06:11:11] oh and just to note that the first two rounds and the last round of the topic
[06:11:13] rounds and the last round of the topic on on agriculture, agroecology etc will
[06:11:17] on on agriculture, agroecology etc will be facilitated by two different
[06:11:19] be facilitated by two different facilitators due to a scheduling
[06:11:21] facilitators due to a scheduling conflict but they will coordinate on
[06:11:23] conflict but they will coordinate on their report back. Um after the third
[06:11:26] their report back. Um after the third and last round, we'll come back here at
[06:11:28] and last round, we'll come back here at 5:15 p.m. where we will again hear short
[06:11:32] 5:15 p.m. where we will again hear short report backs from facilitators and then
[06:11:35] report backs from facilitators and then uh open the floor for any further
[06:11:37] uh open the floor for any further reflections from you all. So again the
[06:11:41] reflections from you all. So again the this same rooms as it was this morning.
[06:11:43] this same rooms as it was this morning. So here in the conference hall, seminar
[06:11:46] So here in the conference hall, seminar room 3 or seminar room 4. just to urge
[06:11:48] room 3 or seminar room 4. just to urge you to please um seek to balance the
[06:11:51] you to please um seek to balance the numbers between those three rooms so
[06:11:53] numbers between those three rooms so that everyone can be heard uh and so
[06:11:56] that everyone can be heard uh and so that we have we're not running over
[06:11:59] that we have we're not running over significantly in one room compared to
[06:12:01] significantly in one room compared to the other rooms. And please remain in
[06:12:04] the other rooms. And please remain in your the breakout room that you choose
[06:12:06] your the breakout room that you choose for the duration of the session. The
[06:12:09] for the duration of the session. The co-f facilitate the facilitators will
[06:12:11] co-f facilitate the facilitators will rotate but you stay in the room that
[06:12:14] rotate but you stay in the room that you've chosen please. Okay, great. So,
[06:12:19] you've chosen please. Okay, great. So, you can see the map of which topics are
[06:12:22] you can see the map of which topics are going to be discussed where on the
[06:12:24] going to be discussed where on the screen. Um, but please go ahead now and
[06:12:26] screen. Um, but please go ahead now and select your room and the secretary will
[06:12:30] select your room and the secretary will guide you if you have any questions.
[06:12:31] guide you if you have any questions. Thanks.
[06:16:49] Okay. Um hello again colleagues and
[06:16:52] Okay. Um hello again colleagues and thanks for staying staying in the room.
[06:16:53] thanks for staying staying in the room. Um it does look as if um numbers are
[06:16:57] Um it does look as if um numbers are roughly balanced. Now I don't have a
[06:17:00] roughly balanced. Now I don't have a live view of the rooms downstairs but uh
[06:17:02] live view of the rooms downstairs but uh this could be approximately onethird of
[06:17:04] this could be approximately onethird of the room. If anybody does feel inclined
[06:17:06] the room. If anybody does feel inclined to to change rooms now is the
[06:17:08] to to change rooms now is the opportunity because uh then the
[06:17:10] opportunity because uh then the instructions are to um stay in the room
[06:17:13] instructions are to um stay in the room as you as you know. Um so this uh
[06:17:18] as you as you know. Um so this uh particular breakout group discussion
[06:17:20] particular breakout group discussion focuses on the first topic and um I
[06:17:23] focuses on the first topic and um I won't I won't make another lengthy
[06:17:25] won't I won't make another lengthy introduction. I think I've spoken a
[06:17:26] introduction. I think I've spoken a little bit to the topic um of
[06:17:28] little bit to the topic um of agriculture, agroecology, agroforestry
[06:17:31] agriculture, agroecology, agroforestry and circularity in nationally determined
[06:17:33] and circularity in nationally determined transition pathways that enhance uh food
[06:17:36] transition pathways that enhance uh food security. Um so this breakout session is
[06:17:40] security. Um so this breakout session is really about um hearing from you and um
[06:17:43] really about um hearing from you and um the views of um of colleagues in in
[06:17:46] the views of um of colleagues in in attendance here in the room as well as
[06:17:48] attendance here in the room as well as online. We do have a number of
[06:17:49] online. We do have a number of colleagues that are dialed that have
[06:17:51] colleagues that are dialed that have dialed in online and that we will be
[06:17:53] dialed in online and that we will be able to consult as well. So um what I'll
[06:17:56] able to consult as well. So um what I'll do is just I'll read out the question
[06:17:57] do is just I'll read out the question and then um we'll be looking for um
[06:18:00] and then um we'll be looking for um hands or flags um to be raised. So the
[06:18:04] hands or flags um to be raised. So the question for this particular discussion
[06:18:05] question for this particular discussion 35 minutes is how can agroecological and
[06:18:08] 35 minutes is how can agroecological and agroforestry approaches and circular
[06:18:10] agroforestry approaches and circular economy principles support holistic and
[06:18:13] economy principles support holistic and nationally determined just transition
[06:18:15] nationally determined just transition pathways that enhance food security,
[06:18:17] pathways that enhance food security, advance mitigation and adaptation
[06:18:19] advance mitigation and adaptation synergies, strengthen resilience,
[06:18:22] synergies, strengthen resilience, improve um health and promote
[06:18:25] improve um health and promote sustainable livelihoods while minimizing
[06:18:27] sustainable livelihoods while minimizing food loss and waste. Um so that is a
[06:18:30] food loss and waste. Um so that is a question you do have it in front of you
[06:18:32] question you do have it in front of you in the um in the agenda as well. Um and
[06:18:36] in the um in the agenda as well. Um and um with that I would like to open the
[06:18:38] um with that I would like to open the discussion and um would request you to
[06:18:43] discussion and um would request you to raise your hand or flag in case of
[06:18:46] raise your hand or flag in case of particular inputs on the topic.
[06:19:03] I don't see any any yet. A little bit of
[06:19:06] I don't see any any yet. A little bit of movement in the back of the room. Um so
[06:19:09] movement in the back of the room. Um so while you're thinking perhaps um maybe
[06:19:13] while you're thinking perhaps um maybe just looking over and also once again
[06:19:15] just looking over and also once again extending the invitation uh for comments
[06:19:18] extending the invitation uh for comments or views on the topic um to colleagues
[06:19:21] or views on the topic um to colleagues online.
[06:19:44] Okay, we have a a a hand online and um I
[06:19:47] Okay, we have a a a hand online and um I see the colleague from Saudi Arabia is
[06:19:49] see the colleague from Saudi Arabia is requesting the floor as well. So, we'll
[06:19:50] requesting the floor as well. So, we'll go first here in the room and then move
[06:19:53] go first here in the room and then move to online next. So, Saudi Arabia.
[06:19:58] to online next. So, Saudi Arabia. >> Thank you, Mr. Facilitator. Um when it
[06:20:01] >> Thank you, Mr. Facilitator. Um when it comes to um uh circularity uh and how it
[06:20:07] comes to um uh circularity uh and how it ties into these for Saudi Arabia, we
[06:20:10] ties into these for Saudi Arabia, we think that the technologies that the CCE
[06:20:12] think that the technologies that the CCE supports and advocates for uh are mostly
[06:20:16] supports and advocates for uh are mostly adaptation technologies with co with
[06:20:19] adaptation technologies with co with mitigation co- benefits. So the circular
[06:20:22] mitigation co- benefits. So the circular carbon economy framework provides an
[06:20:24] carbon economy framework provides an integrated approach that supports both
[06:20:26] integrated approach that supports both mitigation and adaptation while
[06:20:28] mitigation and adaptation while generating mitigation co- benefits. CCE
[06:20:31] generating mitigation co- benefits. CCE technologies
[06:20:34] technologies function as both uh mitigation and
[06:20:37] function as both uh mitigation and adaptation measures. They mitigate
[06:20:39] adaptation measures. They mitigate climate change by reducing and removing
[06:20:41] climate change by reducing and removing greenhouse gas emissions while
[06:20:43] greenhouse gas emissions while simultaneously
[06:20:45] simultaneously supporting adaptation by improving
[06:20:47] supporting adaptation by improving resource efficiency, recycling and
[06:20:49] resource efficiency, recycling and strengthening system resilience. The CCE
[06:20:53] strengthening system resilience. The CCE focuses on nationally determined
[06:20:55] focuses on nationally determined approaches, bottomup approach and
[06:20:57] approaches, bottomup approach and prioritizes the country's circumstances
[06:21:00] prioritizes the country's circumstances above achieving a globally agreed uh
[06:21:03] above achieving a globally agreed uh climate target. The CCE emphasizes a
[06:21:06] climate target. The CCE emphasizes a nationally determined again bottom up
[06:21:09] nationally determined again bottom up that is tailored to each country's
[06:21:11] that is tailored to each country's specific circumstances and provides a
[06:21:14] specific circumstances and provides a wide range of technology options that
[06:21:16] wide range of technology options that can be flexibly uh selected and applied
[06:21:20] can be flexibly uh selected and applied in line with each country's um
[06:21:23] in line with each country's um circumstances much like a menu which
[06:21:26] circumstances much like a menu which supports national development goals and
[06:21:29] supports national development goals and contributing to climate objectives.
[06:21:31] contributing to climate objectives. Thank you Mr. Facilitator.
[06:21:49] Okay. Thank you um to the colleague from
[06:21:52] Okay. Thank you um to the colleague from Saudi Arabia for the intervention and
[06:21:54] Saudi Arabia for the intervention and that is well noted. Um before we proceed
[06:21:56] that is well noted. Um before we proceed just a procedural matter um just quickly
[06:21:59] just a procedural matter um just quickly in um we've just learned uh seminar room
[06:22:02] in um we've just learned uh seminar room three um the number of the attendance
[06:22:05] three um the number of the attendance rate there is a little bit low so in the
[06:22:07] rate there is a little bit low so in the spirit of balancing numbers between
[06:22:09] spirit of balancing numbers between rooms um this would be an invitation
[06:22:12] rooms um this would be an invitation perhaps to some of you um to still uh
[06:22:16] perhaps to some of you um to still uh move to seminar room number three now um
[06:22:19] move to seminar room number three now um to even out numbers um if if any of you
[06:22:23] to even out numbers um if if any of you um would be available to make that move
[06:22:26] um would be available to make that move to the seminar room 3 downstairs. That
[06:22:29] to the seminar room 3 downstairs. That would be much appreciated.
[06:22:32] would be much appreciated. You'll get to um we'll be moving around
[06:22:34] You'll get to um we'll be moving around so you will have the chance to discuss
[06:22:36] so you will have the chance to discuss this particular topic. And I see
[06:22:38] this particular topic. And I see colleague from Egypt's already on the
[06:22:40] colleague from Egypt's already on the move.
[06:22:42] move. Thank you for that.
[06:22:54] Okay,
[06:22:56] Okay, thank you. Anybody anybody else who
[06:22:58] thank you. Anybody anybody else who would like to uh move? Um that is still
[06:23:00] would like to uh move? Um that is still welcome and then we'll um we might hear
[06:23:03] welcome and then we'll um we might hear more from colleagues downstairs in case
[06:23:05] more from colleagues downstairs in case additional movement is needed. Um but so
[06:23:08] additional movement is needed. Um but so for now what we can do is uh to proceed
[06:23:11] for now what we can do is uh to proceed with particular views on on this
[06:23:14] with particular views on on this question um which we can um which we
[06:23:17] question um which we can um which we have in front of us um on agroecological
[06:23:20] have in front of us um on agroecological agroforestry approaches and circular
[06:23:21] agroforestry approaches and circular economy principles
[06:23:23] economy principles um so um I would like to open the floor
[06:23:27] um so um I would like to open the floor again for any additional views on the
[06:23:29] again for any additional views on the topic
[06:23:30] topic noting that we did have an online
[06:23:32] noting that we did have an online intervention so while you're
[06:23:34] intervention so while you're brainstorming we can turn to
[06:23:39] Yeah. Okay. So, I'd like to call on
[06:23:42] Yeah. Okay. So, I'd like to call on Brian Lince online.
[06:23:46] Brian Lince online. Thank you, Mr. Facilitator, and thanks
[06:23:48] Thank you, Mr. Facilitator, and thanks for the opportunity to join in this uh
[06:23:50] for the opportunity to join in this uh uh dialogue today. Um sorry, I'll turn
[06:23:53] uh dialogue today. Um sorry, I'll turn my camera off. That's the wrong
[06:23:54] my camera off. That's the wrong background. Um but I'd just like to have
[06:23:57] background. Um but I'd just like to have a point of clarification really if I
[06:23:59] a point of clarification really if I could please. Um in terms of
[06:24:02] could please. Um in terms of agroforestry agroe ecological and
[06:24:05] agroforestry agroe ecological and agroforestry approaches and circular
[06:24:07] agroforestry approaches and circular economy principles
[06:24:09] economy principles um I think we should really stick at
[06:24:11] um I think we should really stick at principal level for agroec ecological
[06:24:14] principal level for agroec ecological approaches as well because we have a
[06:24:17] approaches as well because we have a diverse production system. I'm sorry I
[06:24:19] diverse production system. I'm sorry I did not say I'm with global dairy
[06:24:21] did not say I'm with global dairy platform um and we have a diverse dairy
[06:24:25] platform um and we have a diverse dairy sector globally a range of different
[06:24:28] sector globally a range of different production systems and one of the
[06:24:29] production systems and one of the challenges we have is looking at how we
[06:24:32] challenges we have is looking at how we can adapt those production systems for
[06:24:35] can adapt those production systems for the different geographical and climatic
[06:24:37] the different geographical and climatic conditions we operate in. So I'd like to
[06:24:39] conditions we operate in. So I'd like to encourage that we consider
[06:24:41] encourage that we consider agroecological
[06:24:43] agroecological principles that underpin all our
[06:24:45] principles that underpin all our production systems regardless of what
[06:24:47] production systems regardless of what they are. We can all get better. So we
[06:24:48] they are. We can all get better. So we can all be more sustainable. Um but
[06:24:51] can all be more sustainable. Um but pushing down one channel of type of
[06:24:54] pushing down one channel of type of production is really challenging for
[06:24:56] production is really challenging for farmers. So if we underpin all our
[06:24:58] farmers. So if we underpin all our business production systems with
[06:25:00] business production systems with agroecological principles that is an
[06:25:02] agroecological principles that is an absolute must for all of us and can be
[06:25:05] absolute must for all of us and can be achieved. Um
[06:25:08] achieved. Um so I I do like the opportunity here that
[06:25:10] so I I do like the opportunity here that we look at how um co- benefits are
[06:25:15] we look at how um co- benefits are recognized and sometimes as a producer
[06:25:17] recognized and sometimes as a producer myself I do not see the co- benefits of
[06:25:20] myself I do not see the co- benefits of certain actions I'm taking. I'm so close
[06:25:23] certain actions I'm taking. I'm so close to the uh actions itself. Sometimes we
[06:25:26] to the uh actions itself. Sometimes we need policy makers and those who are
[06:25:28] need policy makers and those who are advising us to take the step back and
[06:25:30] advising us to take the step back and say if you do this action here your co-
[06:25:33] say if you do this action here your co- benefits are x y zed so forth. So we
[06:25:35] benefits are x y zed so forth. So we need others to when they're developing
[06:25:37] need others to when they're developing policies or structures or initiatives to
[06:25:40] policies or structures or initiatives to really highlight the co- benefits of
[06:25:42] really highlight the co- benefits of actions that can be taken. So I really
[06:25:44] actions that can be taken. So I really applaud this dialogue and really
[06:25:46] applaud this dialogue and really encourage us to think with our our
[06:25:48] encourage us to think with our our blinkers off, our blinders off so we can
[06:25:50] blinkers off, our blinders off so we can make sure we maximize the impact of
[06:25:52] make sure we maximize the impact of every action we make on our production
[06:25:54] every action we make on our production systems regardless of what production
[06:25:56] systems regardless of what production system it is to make sure that we have
[06:25:58] system it is to make sure that we have food security going forward. Thank you,
[06:26:00] food security going forward. Thank you, Mr. Facilitator.
[06:26:05] Thank you um Mr. Brian um online for
[06:26:09] Thank you um Mr. Brian um online for these points well noted on um the
[06:26:11] these points well noted on um the differences of production conditions
[06:26:14] differences of production conditions across uh regions and and contexts and
[06:26:16] across uh regions and and contexts and the importance of the co- benefits
[06:26:18] the importance of the co- benefits approach and framework in framing this
[06:26:21] approach and framework in framing this discussion. Um with that um looking
[06:26:25] discussion. Um with that um looking around the room again in case there were
[06:26:27] around the room again in case there were particular reactions or additional views
[06:26:29] particular reactions or additional views so that I see um the African groups
[06:26:31] so that I see um the African groups raised a flag.
[06:26:33] raised a flag. >> Thank you very much uh Mr. facilitator
[06:26:36] >> Thank you very much uh Mr. facilitator and good afternoon. Um the African group
[06:26:40] and good afternoon. Um the African group strongly affirms the potential of of
[06:26:43] strongly affirms the potential of of agroecological
[06:26:50] >> please go ahead. agroecological and
[06:26:51] >> please go ahead. agroecological and agroforestal approaches to support
[06:26:54] agroforestal approaches to support holistic and nationally determined just
[06:26:56] holistic and nationally determined just transition pathways for African food
[06:26:59] transition pathways for African food security. We are all aware that these
[06:27:01] security. We are all aware that these approaches are knowledge intensive
[06:27:03] approaches are knowledge intensive rather than capital intensive which
[06:27:06] rather than capital intensive which makes it accessible to small holder
[06:27:08] makes it accessible to small holder farmers without large external finance
[06:27:10] farmers without large external finance requirement. So it is really a plus for
[06:27:13] requirement. So it is really a plus for Africa and we have to also note that
[06:27:16] Africa and we have to also note that this has been built on indigenous and
[06:27:18] this has been built on indigenous and traditional ecological knowledge systems
[06:27:20] traditional ecological knowledge systems over centuries where yesterday we spoke
[06:27:22] over centuries where yesterday we spoke about indigenous and traditional
[06:27:24] about indigenous and traditional knowledge is something we need to look
[06:27:26] knowledge is something we need to look at even more critically. Um we are aware
[06:27:30] at even more critically. Um we are aware it delivers co- benefit across food
[06:27:32] it delivers co- benefit across food security, biodiversity, soil health,
[06:27:35] security, biodiversity, soil health, water retention, carbon sequestration
[06:27:38] water retention, carbon sequestration and community health that monoulture and
[06:27:40] and community health that monoulture and chemical in input intensive systems
[06:27:43] chemical in input intensive systems cannot replicate and therefore um by
[06:27:46] cannot replicate and therefore um by nature adapted to national and local
[06:27:48] nature adapted to national and local context which aligns directly with the
[06:27:51] context which aligns directly with the JTWP's nationally determined and
[06:27:53] JTWP's nationally determined and nonprescriptive mandate. Um so we affirm
[06:27:58] nonprescriptive mandate. Um so we affirm Agology comes with one critical. We
[06:28:00] Agology comes with one critical. We affirm that but we need to also look at
[06:28:02] affirm that but we need to also look at it from one critical qualification that
[06:28:04] it from one critical qualification that it must not be deployed as a substitute
[06:28:06] it must not be deployed as a substitute for means of implementation that Africa
[06:28:09] for means of implementation that Africa for systems transition require. If the
[06:28:12] for systems transition require. If the multilateral system converges on the
[06:28:14] multilateral system converges on the message that African agricultural just
[06:28:16] message that African agricultural just transition can be achieved through
[06:28:18] transition can be achieved through knowledge sharing, farmertof farmer
[06:28:20] knowledge sharing, farmertof farmer learning and agroecological practice of
[06:28:22] learning and agroecological practice of adoption
[06:28:24] adoption um on mitigation and adaptation
[06:28:26] um on mitigation and adaptation synergies. The agent supports dual
[06:28:28] synergies. The agent supports dual benefit framing where it is generally
[06:28:30] benefit framing where it is generally pres present but cautious against
[06:28:32] pres present but cautious against framing that requires African
[06:28:34] framing that requires African agriculture systems to deliver
[06:28:36] agriculture systems to deliver medication outcomes as a condition for
[06:28:38] medication outcomes as a condition for receiving adaptation finance. Of course
[06:28:41] receiving adaptation finance. Of course holder for system contribute minimally
[06:28:43] holder for system contribute minimally to global emissions where mitigation co-
[06:28:46] to global emissions where mitigation co- benefit are present through so carbon
[06:28:48] benefit are present through so carbon sequestration reduce deforestation
[06:28:51] sequestration reduce deforestation pressure methane reduction in livestock
[06:28:53] pressure methane reduction in livestock systems. They should be recognized and
[06:28:55] systems. They should be recognized and valued, but they should not be a
[06:28:58] valued, but they should not be a precondition for access to food security
[06:29:00] precondition for access to food security transition finance that article 9.1
[06:29:02] transition finance that article 9.1 obliges developed countries to provide
[06:29:04] obliges developed countries to provide unconditionally
[06:29:06] unconditionally in relation to food losses and waste
[06:29:08] in relation to food losses and waste minimization is a genuine and a high
[06:29:10] minimization is a genuine and a high priority objective for African food
[06:29:12] priority objective for African food systems where post service losses
[06:29:15] systems where post service losses represent a significant proportion of
[06:29:16] represent a significant proportion of total agriculture production in many sub
[06:29:19] total agriculture production in many sub regions. AG's position is on how to
[06:29:22] regions. AG's position is on how to address food loss and waste which is
[06:29:24] address food loss and waste which is consistent in and infrastructure
[06:29:26] consistent in and infrastructure centered. The primary cause of Africa
[06:29:29] centered. The primary cause of Africa post-h harvest losses is not inadequate
[06:29:31] post-h harvest losses is not inadequate knowledge or poor farmer decision making
[06:29:34] knowledge or poor farmer decision making but inadequate post-h harvest
[06:29:36] but inadequate post-h harvest infrastructure, storage facilities, coal
[06:29:39] infrastructure, storage facilities, coal chains, rural roads connecting farms to
[06:29:41] chains, rural roads connecting farms to market and processing capacity that adds
[06:29:44] market and processing capacity that adds value and extend shelf life are the
[06:29:47] value and extend shelf life are the interventions most likely needed to
[06:29:50] interventions most likely needed to reduce food law scale. Investment in
[06:29:53] reduce food law scale. Investment in this infrastructure systems are
[06:29:54] this infrastructure systems are legitimate and urgent uses of climate
[06:29:57] legitimate and urgent uses of climate finance for food security
[06:30:00] finance for food security just transition. The agent calls for
[06:30:02] just transition. The agent calls for their explicit recognition as eligible
[06:30:05] their explicit recognition as eligible expenditure and GCF and adaptation fund
[06:30:08] expenditure and GCF and adaptation fund in response to circular economy
[06:30:10] in response to circular economy principles. We wish to apply to African
[06:30:13] principles. We wish to apply to African agriculture system support practices of
[06:30:15] agriculture system support practices of composting organic waste recycling. I
[06:30:18] composting organic waste recycling. I mean these are things they are using
[06:30:19] mean these are things they are using already but we need to drum it in again.
[06:30:22] already but we need to drum it in again. Recycling, water reuse and integrated
[06:30:24] Recycling, water reuse and integrated crop lifestyle systems that reduce
[06:30:26] crop lifestyle systems that reduce external input dependency. These
[06:30:29] external input dependency. These practices are often already present as
[06:30:31] practices are often already present as I've mentioned in traditional
[06:30:32] I've mentioned in traditional agriculture systems. The AG's
[06:30:35] agriculture systems. The AG's qualification on secularity is the same
[06:30:37] qualification on secularity is the same as its qualification on sustainable
[06:30:39] as its qualification on sustainable value chains. The circular economy in an
[06:30:42] value chains. The circular economy in an African small holder context must not be
[06:30:44] African small holder context must not be defined by the European green deals
[06:30:46] defined by the European green deals regulatory architecture and African
[06:30:49] regulatory architecture and African producers must not be required to
[06:30:51] producers must not be required to demonstrate compliance with EU design
[06:30:54] demonstrate compliance with EU design secular secularity standards as a
[06:30:56] secular secularity standards as a condition for market market access or
[06:30:59] condition for market market access or climate finance eligibility. Thank you
[06:31:01] climate finance eligibility. Thank you Mr. Chair.
[06:31:10] Thank you to the representative of the
[06:31:11] Thank you to the representative of the African group for that intervention.
[06:31:13] African group for that intervention. We've taken note and um yeah, we have a
[06:31:17] We've taken note and um yeah, we have a number of raised flags and I'll um call
[06:31:19] number of raised flags and I'll um call upon representatives in the order in
[06:31:21] upon representatives in the order in which we've noted them. Um so first I'd
[06:31:24] which we've noted them. Um so first I'd like to turn to the Russian Federation
[06:31:26] like to turn to the Russian Federation followed by the United Kingdom, European
[06:31:28] followed by the United Kingdom, European Union and IPO.
[06:31:33] >> Uh thank you chair for giving me the
[06:31:35] >> Uh thank you chair for giving me the floor. Uh first of all, we truly believe
[06:31:37] floor. Uh first of all, we truly believe that nationally determined just
[06:31:38] that nationally determined just transition pathways should effectively
[06:31:40] transition pathways should effectively address climate change while
[06:31:42] address climate change while contributing to achieving sustainable
[06:31:44] contributing to achieving sustainable development goals including S32 zero
[06:31:47] development goals including S32 zero hunger. The Russian Federation pays a
[06:31:49] hunger. The Russian Federation pays a significant attention to ensuring food
[06:31:50] significant attention to ensuring food security by promoting agroecological and
[06:31:53] security by promoting agroecological and agroforestry approaches as well as by
[06:31:55] agroforestry approaches as well as by using all available technological
[06:31:56] using all available technological solutions in the agricultural sector. We
[06:31:59] solutions in the agricultural sector. We both increase the adaptive capacity by
[06:32:00] both increase the adaptive capacity by creating protective and anti-erosion
[06:32:02] creating protective and anti-erosion forest plantations. Organize the use of
[06:32:04] forest plantations. Organize the use of tillage techniques aimed at maximizing
[06:32:06] tillage techniques aimed at maximizing fertility of soil and the use of crops
[06:32:08] fertility of soil and the use of crops hybrids adapted to change changing
[06:32:11] hybrids adapted to change changing climate climatic conditions and also
[06:32:13] climate climatic conditions and also reduce emissions by introducing low
[06:32:14] reduce emissions by introducing low carbon and energy saving technologies to
[06:32:16] carbon and energy saving technologies to improve the efficiency of farming. We
[06:32:18] improve the efficiency of farming. We introduce digital solutions like service
[06:32:20] introduce digital solutions like service for calculating of fertilizers
[06:32:22] for calculating of fertilizers application. It determines nutrition
[06:32:24] application. It determines nutrition requirements taking into account soil
[06:32:26] requirements taking into account soil and climate characteristics of the crop
[06:32:29] and climate characteristics of the crop and provide recommendations on methods
[06:32:30] and provide recommendations on methods and timing for applying mineral
[06:32:32] and timing for applying mineral fertilizers. Another example is
[06:32:34] fertilizers. Another example is application of carbon footprint
[06:32:36] application of carbon footprint calculator software service that enables
[06:32:38] calculator software service that enables farmers to assess the structure of
[06:32:40] farmers to assess the structure of carbon footprint and optimize sources of
[06:32:42] carbon footprint and optimize sources of greenhouse gas emissions. A AI models
[06:32:45] greenhouse gas emissions. A AI models are being used to anticipate diseases of
[06:32:47] are being used to anticipate diseases of specific crops and implement advanced
[06:32:49] specific crops and implement advanced planning of protective measures. Thank
[06:32:51] planning of protective measures. Thank you.
[06:32:55] Thank you. Next, I'd like to call upon
[06:32:58] Thank you. Next, I'd like to call upon the representative of the United
[06:32:59] the representative of the United Kingdom.
[06:33:03] >> Thank you very much, facilitator.
[06:33:06] >> Thank you very much, facilitator. Um, so there's there's a lot within this
[06:33:10] Um, so there's there's a lot within this topic, a lot of different kind of
[06:33:11] topic, a lot of different kind of crosscutting areas. So I I'll start by
[06:33:14] crosscutting areas. So I I'll start by commenting on I guess the critical need
[06:33:16] commenting on I guess the critical need throughout all of this to to reduce
[06:33:18] throughout all of this to to reduce agricultural emissions and and halt and
[06:33:20] agricultural emissions and and halt and reverse deforestation which provides a a
[06:33:23] reverse deforestation which provides a a key guiding framework I think for for
[06:33:24] key guiding framework I think for for these discussions. So we're glad to see
[06:33:26] these discussions. So we're glad to see this topic and indeed I wanted to uh
[06:33:29] this topic and indeed I wanted to uh point out a couple of uh a couple of
[06:33:31] point out a couple of uh a couple of relevant mandates in in this context
[06:33:33] relevant mandates in in this context from the global stock take. So paragraph
[06:33:35] from the global stock take. So paragraph 33 includes the the critical commitment
[06:33:38] 33 includes the the critical commitment to halt and reverse deforestation and
[06:33:40] to halt and reverse deforestation and forest degradation by 2030. There's also
[06:33:42] forest degradation by 2030. There's also paragraph 56 which refers to the
[06:33:45] paragraph 56 which refers to the importance of circular economy
[06:33:46] importance of circular economy approaches. Um and indeed um also
[06:33:49] approaches. Um and indeed um also paragraph 8 of our just transition
[06:33:51] paragraph 8 of our just transition decision last year which invites the
[06:33:53] decision last year which invites the work program to integrate relevant
[06:33:55] work program to integrate relevant outcomes of of the GST. So I think
[06:33:57] outcomes of of the GST. So I think important to to highlight that as as
[06:33:59] important to to highlight that as as foundational mandates for our discussion
[06:34:01] foundational mandates for our discussion today.
[06:34:03] today. So forests make up uh 65 to 75% of the
[06:34:07] So forests make up uh 65 to 75% of the global land sync which is estimated to
[06:34:10] global land sync which is estimated to have sequestered around 44% of fossil
[06:34:12] have sequestered around 44% of fossil fuel emissions over the last 30 years.
[06:34:16] fuel emissions over the last 30 years. Deforestation and degradation driven
[06:34:18] Deforestation and degradation driven primarily by agricultural expansion as
[06:34:21] primarily by agricultural expansion as well as urban expansion and
[06:34:23] well as urban expansion and infrastructure development erode global
[06:34:25] infrastructure development erode global forests and their landscribing
[06:34:29] forests and their landscribing 10 to 12% of global emissions. However,
[06:34:32] 10 to 12% of global emissions. However, the forest sector also presents a
[06:34:34] the forest sector also presents a significant opportunity for delivering
[06:34:36] significant opportunity for delivering mitigation alongside wider industrial
[06:34:39] mitigation alongside wider industrial and energy sector decarbonization.
[06:34:42] and energy sector decarbonization. So, in the UK, we are working in
[06:34:44] So, in the UK, we are working in partnership with forest countries to
[06:34:45] partnership with forest countries to deliver the the shared commitment to
[06:34:47] deliver the the shared commitment to halting and reversing deforestation and
[06:34:50] halting and reversing deforestation and forest degradation by 2030 as I
[06:34:52] forest degradation by 2030 as I mentioned earlier while while supporting
[06:34:54] mentioned earlier while while supporting livelihoods through that process as
[06:34:56] livelihoods through that process as well. And we're supporting efforts to
[06:34:58] well. And we're supporting efforts to improve forest governance, enable
[06:35:00] improve forest governance, enable sustainable trade and investment, and
[06:35:02] sustainable trade and investment, and mobilize finance to support forest
[06:35:04] mobilize finance to support forest protection and restoration across the
[06:35:06] protection and restoration across the major tropical forest basins. And a just
[06:35:10] major tropical forest basins. And a just transition for for agriculture and food
[06:35:12] transition for for agriculture and food security can't be delivered in silos.
[06:35:14] security can't be delivered in silos. Recognizing the the interconnected
[06:35:16] Recognizing the the interconnected nature of of climate, food systems, and
[06:35:18] nature of of climate, food systems, and and ecosystem health. and supporting
[06:35:20] and ecosystem health. and supporting approaches that reduce emissions and
[06:35:22] approaches that reduce emissions and build resilience across all three is is
[06:35:25] build resilience across all three is is the most effective way to deliver
[06:35:26] the most effective way to deliver sustainable transition for agriculture.
[06:35:30] sustainable transition for agriculture. It's also critical and and we've talked
[06:35:31] It's also critical and and we've talked about this in in in a few of the other
[06:35:33] about this in in in a few of the other sessions as well. It's important to
[06:35:35] sessions as well. It's important to recognize the impacts already seen
[06:35:36] recognize the impacts already seen across the world in relation to
[06:35:38] across the world in relation to agriculture uh including with with
[06:35:41] agriculture uh including with with regard to economic and food security.
[06:35:43] regard to economic and food security. Dependency on fossil fuel markets has
[06:35:45] Dependency on fossil fuel markets has led to increasing fuel prices which
[06:35:48] led to increasing fuel prices which impacts farmers and communities where
[06:35:50] impacts farmers and communities where there is that dependence. And recent
[06:35:52] there is that dependence. And recent events have have demonstrated that
[06:35:53] events have have demonstrated that accelerating the clean energy transition
[06:35:56] accelerating the clean energy transition by transitioning away from fossil fuels
[06:35:58] by transitioning away from fossil fuels and accelerating the clean energy
[06:35:59] and accelerating the clean energy transition is is is the best insurance
[06:36:01] transition is is is the best insurance against shocks and the positive economic
[06:36:04] against shocks and the positive economic choice. Um and there there are
[06:36:07] choice. Um and there there are particularly relevant synergies this
[06:36:08] particularly relevant synergies this year which um we we can capitalize with
[06:36:11] year which um we we can capitalize with the the COP 30 presidency road mapaps on
[06:36:14] the the COP 30 presidency road mapaps on on forests and on transitioning away
[06:36:15] on forests and on transitioning away from fossil fuels. And we look forward
[06:36:17] from fossil fuels. And we look forward to working with the the COP 30
[06:36:19] to working with the the COP 30 presidency through this process to to
[06:36:21] presidency through this process to to understand and and strengthen just
[06:36:22] understand and and strengthen just transition action in the context of
[06:36:25] transition action in the context of forests, nature, agriculture and energy
[06:36:28] forests, nature, agriculture and energy transitions. And I'll stop there. Thank
[06:36:30] transitions. And I'll stop there. Thank you.
[06:36:34] Thank you for this intervention and yes
[06:36:36] Thank you for this intervention and yes over to the European Union.
[06:36:38] over to the European Union. >> Thank you. Um thank you for this
[06:36:41] >> Thank you. Um thank you for this opportunity. I we think that this is
[06:36:44] opportunity. I we think that this is really a central topic to be discussed
[06:36:46] really a central topic to be discussed and to be honest we were a little
[06:36:47] and to be honest we were a little astonished as as the EU that that this
[06:36:50] astonished as as the EU that that this wasn't the the first topic of the first
[06:36:53] wasn't the the first topic of the first day. Um but um so because yeah these are
[06:36:58] day. Um but um so because yeah these are really key key policies and key
[06:37:00] really key key policies and key approaches uh to the European Union and
[06:37:03] approaches uh to the European Union and it and its policies regarding regarding
[06:37:05] it and its policies regarding regarding the the reduction of greenhouse gas
[06:37:08] the the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions uh from our food systems. Um
[06:37:12] emissions uh from our food systems. Um so just to remind everyone that about 21
[06:37:16] so just to remind everyone that about 21 to 37% of total greenhouse gas emissions
[06:37:19] to 37% of total greenhouse gas emissions are attributable to food systems and and
[06:37:21] are attributable to food systems and and the number one source of metan emissions
[06:37:24] the number one source of metan emissions and biodiversity loss and recent
[06:37:26] and biodiversity loss and recent scientific lit literature indicates a
[06:37:29] scientific lit literature indicates a nonlinear impact of climate change on
[06:37:31] nonlinear impact of climate change on global food security which will escalate
[06:37:34] global food security which will escalate as global temperature increase. Um and
[06:37:38] as global temperature increase. Um and much of on of the underlying modeling
[06:37:40] much of on of the underlying modeling does not yet include the impacts uh of
[06:37:42] does not yet include the impacts uh of increases in extreme weather events
[06:37:45] increases in extreme weather events which can substantially worsen worsen
[06:37:47] which can substantially worsen worsen thing things. Um yet manage um manage
[06:37:52] thing things. Um yet manage um manage well uh and manage and natural
[06:37:54] well uh and manage and natural terrestrial ecosystems are also a carbon
[06:37:57] terrestrial ecosystems are also a carbon sync uh absorbing around one/ird of uh
[06:38:01] sync uh absorbing around one/ird of uh CO2 emissions. Um and so that's where
[06:38:04] CO2 emissions. Um and so that's where these kind of of uh solutions come come
[06:38:07] these kind of of uh solutions come come in. So um a just and and sustainable
[06:38:11] in. So um a just and and sustainable transformation of how food are food
[06:38:13] transformation of how food are food products are managed, produced,
[06:38:15] products are managed, produced, processed, traded and consumed is is
[06:38:17] processed, traded and consumed is is required and this um this just
[06:38:21] required and this um this just transition to sustainable food system
[06:38:23] transition to sustainable food system will strongly contribute to curbing
[06:38:25] will strongly contribute to curbing emissions, restoring and maintaining
[06:38:27] emissions, restoring and maintaining biodiversity, ending deforestation and
[06:38:29] biodiversity, ending deforestation and degradation and transition to protection
[06:38:33] degradation and transition to protection and restoration of ecosystem and climate
[06:38:35] and restoration of ecosystem and climate resilience land use. Moreover, it can
[06:38:38] resilience land use. Moreover, it can contribute to food security, minimizing
[06:38:41] contribute to food security, minimizing food loss and waste, improved health and
[06:38:43] food loss and waste, improved health and nutrition, enabling equal access to
[06:38:45] nutrition, enabling equal access to education and training and sustainable
[06:38:47] education and training and sustainable and improved economic development. And
[06:38:50] and improved economic development. And agroecology and and circular food system
[06:38:53] agroecology and and circular food system offer integrated approaches that
[06:38:55] offer integrated approaches that consider this interdependency between
[06:38:58] consider this interdependency between food, water, biodiversity, health and
[06:39:00] food, water, biodiversity, health and climate. Therefore, enhancing
[06:39:02] climate. Therefore, enhancing resilience, adaptation, and food
[06:39:04] resilience, adaptation, and food security. These approaches are capable
[06:39:07] security. These approaches are capable of improving outcomes across the whole
[06:39:10] of improving outcomes across the whole food chain including by promoting
[06:39:12] food chain including by promoting sustainable and healthy diet. In the EU
[06:39:16] sustainable and healthy diet. In the EU circular and agroecological food systems
[06:39:18] circular and agroecological food systems are not only a strategic objective but
[06:39:21] are not only a strategic objective but are already operationalized through
[06:39:23] are already operationalized through concrete regulatory frameworks,
[06:39:25] concrete regulatory frameworks, agricultural payments, waste
[06:39:27] agricultural payments, waste legislation, procurement rules and
[06:39:29] legislation, procurement rules and market shaping and instruments. These
[06:39:32] market shaping and instruments. These policies uh reduce your transition cost,
[06:39:36] policies uh reduce your transition cost, strengthen food security and support
[06:39:38] strengthen food security and support livelihoods which which is precisely
[06:39:40] livelihoods which which is precisely what transition pathway is aimed to
[06:39:43] what transition pathway is aimed to achieve. I'm going to give um an example
[06:39:45] achieve. I'm going to give um an example for example uh under the the common
[06:39:49] for example uh under the the common agricultural policies with with uh also
[06:39:52] agricultural policies with with uh also eco schemes that that we have. Um so
[06:39:56] eco schemes that that we have. Um so these are voluntary annual payments
[06:39:58] these are voluntary annual payments rewarding practices that go beyond
[06:40:00] rewarding practices that go beyond baseline requirements including
[06:40:02] baseline requirements including agroforestry, crop diversification,
[06:40:05] agroforestry, crop diversification, extensive grazing, organic and
[06:40:07] extensive grazing, organic and agroecological farming system, nutrient
[06:40:10] agroecological farming system, nutrient management, soil cover, reduced
[06:40:12] management, soil cover, reduced pesticides use and um eos schemes
[06:40:16] pesticides use and um eos schemes explicitly reward the pro provision of
[06:40:18] explicitly reward the pro provision of public goods um which are biodiversity,
[06:40:21] public goods um which are biodiversity, soil health, uh climate mitigation
[06:40:24] soil health, uh climate mitigation helping to address cost distribution
[06:40:27] helping to address cost distribution issues for for farmers. Um then we have
[06:40:30] issues for for farmers. Um then we have also the the farmtofork strategy which
[06:40:32] also the the farmtofork strategy which is a comprehensive uh food policy
[06:40:35] is a comprehensive uh food policy framework that was adopted uh in 2020 um
[06:40:39] framework that was adopted uh in 2020 um under the the EU green deal. Um it seeks
[06:40:43] under the the EU green deal. Um it seeks to transform Europe's uh food system
[06:40:45] to transform Europe's uh food system into into one that is fair, healthy and
[06:40:47] into into one that is fair, healthy and environmentally sustainable uh while
[06:40:50] environmentally sustainable uh while contributed to uh our EU uh goal of
[06:40:53] contributed to uh our EU uh goal of climate neutrality by by 2050. And it's
[06:40:57] climate neutrality by by 2050. And it's uh it's it's linking uh this
[06:41:00] uh it's it's linking uh this agricultural, climate, biodiversity,
[06:41:02] agricultural, climate, biodiversity, public health, land use planning uh and
[06:41:04] public health, land use planning uh and jobs. Um and finally uh I would like to
[06:41:08] jobs. Um and finally uh I would like to to just respond to the to the de
[06:41:10] to just respond to the to the de delegate um from uh representing the the
[06:41:13] delegate um from uh representing the the African uh group um and and saying that
[06:41:17] African uh group um and and saying that that I would like to repeat that the UNF
[06:41:19] that I would like to repeat that the UNF triple C and the virus agreement uh were
[06:41:21] triple C and the virus agreement uh were not designed to assess individual
[06:41:22] not designed to assess individual parties nationally determined policies
[06:41:24] parties nationally determined policies and measures and have no uh mandate to
[06:41:27] and measures and have no uh mandate to do so. So there's no place for some kind
[06:41:30] do so. So there's no place for some kind of international validation of of uh the
[06:41:33] of international validation of of uh the response measures undertaken by by
[06:41:35] response measures undertaken by by individual parties.
[06:41:40] Thank you for that intervention. Um I
[06:41:43] Thank you for that intervention. Um I believe we have a hard stop in about 10
[06:41:45] believe we have a hard stop in about 10 minutes from now and still um five
[06:41:47] minutes from now and still um five raised flags. So um I would like to
[06:41:51] raised flags. So um I would like to invite following speakers to keep it
[06:41:53] invite following speakers to keep it brief to not more than two minutes. Next
[06:41:55] brief to not more than two minutes. Next on my list is the representative of IPO.
[06:41:59] on my list is the representative of IPO. >> Thank you Mr. facilitator for giving me
[06:42:02] >> Thank you Mr. facilitator for giving me the floor. Uh for indigenous peoples,
[06:42:04] the floor. Uh for indigenous peoples, the effectiveness of sustainable food
[06:42:06] the effectiveness of sustainable food practices including agroecological and
[06:42:09] practices including agroecological and agroforestry approaches and circular
[06:42:11] agroforestry approaches and circular economy principles which are already
[06:42:14] economy principles which are already being practiced by indigenous peoples is
[06:42:16] being practiced by indigenous peoples is underpinned by securing indigenous
[06:42:19] underpinned by securing indigenous people's land, water and ocean rights.
[06:42:22] people's land, water and ocean rights. So land rights implementation is
[06:42:24] So land rights implementation is foundational for us. What we see in
[06:42:26] foundational for us. What we see in practice is that these approaches are
[06:42:29] practice is that these approaches are most effective uh when they are led by
[06:42:31] most effective uh when they are led by communities when they are placebased and
[06:42:34] communities when they are placebased and adapted to specific ecosystems and
[06:42:37] adapted to specific ecosystems and communities. For example, in my own
[06:42:39] communities. For example, in my own community, I plant corn, beans, and
[06:42:42] community, I plant corn, beans, and squash, which is a technology that we've
[06:42:45] squash, which is a technology that we've used for a long time to maintain healthy
[06:42:47] used for a long time to maintain healthy soil and contributes to food systems,
[06:42:50] soil and contributes to food systems, sustainable food systems in my own
[06:42:52] sustainable food systems in my own community. At the same time, we need to
[06:42:55] community. At the same time, we need to look at this issue as a systembased
[06:42:57] look at this issue as a systembased issue because we're also facing issues
[06:42:58] issue because we're also facing issues with water depletion and increasingly
[06:43:02] with water depletion and increasingly indigenous communities are competing for
[06:43:04] indigenous communities are competing for water with extractive industries.
[06:43:07] water with extractive industries. So for these uh to be successful we
[06:43:10] So for these uh to be successful we require long-term support including also
[06:43:13] require long-term support including also continuity of investment support and
[06:43:15] continuity of investment support and generational transmission of knowledge
[06:43:17] generational transmission of knowledge and practices rather than short-term
[06:43:20] and practices rather than short-term interventions.
[06:43:21] interventions. Many of these approaches uh that we are
[06:43:24] Many of these approaches uh that we are using are grounded in indigenous
[06:43:26] using are grounded in indigenous knowledge systems uh which integrate
[06:43:29] knowledge systems uh which integrate many of these indigenous technology uh
[06:43:31] many of these indigenous technology uh in food production, ecosystem health and
[06:43:34] in food production, ecosystem health and resilience. So strengthening also
[06:43:36] resilience. So strengthening also indigenous knowledge systems will be key
[06:43:39] indigenous knowledge systems will be key in the policies. Um and uh this policies
[06:43:44] in the policies. Um and uh this policies that uh we uh are proposing will play an
[06:43:48] that uh we uh are proposing will play an important role by creating those
[06:43:50] important role by creating those enabling conditions for indigenousled
[06:43:53] enabling conditions for indigenousled systems to thrive um so that we don't
[06:43:55] systems to thrive um so that we don't have to apply a one-sizefits-all. This
[06:43:58] have to apply a one-sizefits-all. This is going to look different in in
[06:43:59] is going to look different in in different places. Thank you.
[06:44:02] different places. Thank you. >> Thank you for that. Next, I'd like to
[06:44:03] >> Thank you for that. Next, I'd like to turn to an online speaker from LGMA.
[06:44:07] turn to an online speaker from LGMA. We've had a raised hand there.
[06:44:10] We've had a raised hand there. >> Thank you very much, facilitator, and
[06:44:12] >> Thank you very much, facilitator, and thank you very much for your rich
[06:44:13] thank you very much for your rich presentation at the beginning. Um, I
[06:44:15] presentation at the beginning. Um, I hope you can hear me. Okay.
[06:44:18] hope you can hear me. Okay. >> Yes. Okay. Um the one thing that I
[06:44:21] >> Yes. Okay. Um the one thing that I wanted to add and build on from your
[06:44:22] wanted to add and build on from your presentation is that um I think it's
[06:44:24] presentation is that um I think it's very important to consider in this
[06:44:26] very important to consider in this discussion the um urban and perry urban
[06:44:30] discussion the um urban and perry urban dimension of agriculture with 1 billion
[06:44:32] dimension of agriculture with 1 billion of people um already growing food and
[06:44:35] of people um already growing food and engaging in agricultural activities in
[06:44:38] engaging in agricultural activities in urban and perry urban areas and at the
[06:44:40] urban and perry urban areas and at the same time with 80% of food produced
[06:44:43] same time with 80% of food produced globally uh being projected to be
[06:44:45] globally uh being projected to be consumed in cities by 2050. 50 50. This
[06:44:49] consumed in cities by 2050. 50 50. This is why integrating um agroecology into
[06:44:52] is why integrating um agroecology into urban planning and climate action. Um
[06:44:55] urban planning and climate action. Um cities use that measure to support food
[06:44:57] cities use that measure to support food security, to support circular economies,
[06:45:00] security, to support circular economies, to reuse waste as resource and to reduce
[06:45:02] to reuse waste as resource and to reduce reliance on distant supply chains. At
[06:45:05] reliance on distant supply chains. At the same time, cities are using their
[06:45:07] the same time, cities are using their acrocology policies to boost local
[06:45:09] acrocology policies to boost local economies by supporting small-scale
[06:45:11] economies by supporting small-scale farmers and to enhance social benefits,
[06:45:14] farmers and to enhance social benefits, especially when linked to school meals
[06:45:16] especially when linked to school meals programs that have proven to be quite
[06:45:18] programs that have proven to be quite transformative in urban and prairie
[06:45:20] transformative in urban and prairie urban areas. As mentioned previously,
[06:45:23] urban areas. As mentioned previously, therefore, we we believe that the whole
[06:45:24] therefore, we we believe that the whole of government approach to to
[06:45:26] of government approach to to implementing just transition for food
[06:45:28] implementing just transition for food security is quite critical to these
[06:45:30] security is quite critical to these discussions. I'll um to illustrate that
[06:45:33] discussions. I'll um to illustrate that I wanted to offer a couple of examples.
[06:45:36] I wanted to offer a couple of examples. One is of Durban in South Africa where
[06:45:38] One is of Durban in South Africa where the city created agri hubs on the
[06:45:41] the city created agri hubs on the outskirts of the city to support
[06:45:42] outskirts of the city to support smallcale farms and to strengthen urban
[06:45:45] smallcale farms and to strengthen urban food systems through provi pro providing
[06:45:47] food systems through provi pro providing seeds compost training and shared tools
[06:45:51] seeds compost training and shared tools um to and improving access to affordable
[06:45:53] um to and improving access to affordable local food for communities. The second
[06:45:56] local food for communities. The second project is in Nyame in Niger um
[06:45:59] project is in Nyame in Niger um supported and piloted by the EU um with
[06:46:02] supported and piloted by the EU um with the support of our LGMA members which
[06:46:05] the support of our LGMA members which tackles seed issues by establishing an
[06:46:08] tackles seed issues by establishing an agroe ecological nursery with green
[06:46:11] agroe ecological nursery with green houses storage and training areas. The
[06:46:14] houses storage and training areas. The third project which might be familiar to
[06:46:16] third project which might be familiar to the representative from the LDC is the
[06:46:18] the representative from the LDC is the green belt initiative in Wagadugu
[06:46:21] green belt initiative in Wagadugu Burkina Nafaso which um rehabilitated
[06:46:24] Burkina Nafaso which um rehabilitated over 70 hectares for agroecological
[06:46:27] over 70 hectares for agroecological production engaging more than 3,000
[06:46:30] production engaging more than 3,000 producers through training and tree
[06:46:32] producers through training and tree planting. Thank you very much.
[06:46:35] planting. Thank you very much. >> Thank you very much for that
[06:46:36] >> Thank you very much for that intervention. The example of Duban in
[06:46:37] intervention. The example of Duban in South Africa came up and so I'd like to
[06:46:39] South Africa came up and so I'd like to hand it over to South Africa.
[06:46:48] Uh thank you very much uh Mr.
[06:46:50] Uh thank you very much uh Mr. facilitator. So just wanted to emphasize
[06:46:52] facilitator. So just wanted to emphasize an element which is that uh agriculture
[06:46:56] an element which is that uh agriculture should be treated as a as a value chain
[06:46:58] should be treated as a as a value chain system where just transitions must
[06:47:00] system where just transitions must enable developing countries not only to
[06:47:04] enable developing countries not only to produce but to process trade and capture
[06:47:06] produce but to process trade and capture value in evolving global markets. um
[06:47:09] value in evolving global markets. um some of the points that that that South
[06:47:11] some of the points that that that South Africa has raised previously and and
[06:47:13] Africa has raised previously and and just that food systems clearly
[06:47:15] just that food systems clearly illustrate that these transition
[06:47:17] illustrate that these transition pathways are shaped globally by trade
[06:47:19] pathways are shaped globally by trade rules and standards, volatility in
[06:47:21] rules and standards, volatility in global food and input markets which have
[06:47:23] global food and input markets which have been discussed, concentration of power
[06:47:26] been discussed, concentration of power in global agri food value chains and an
[06:47:28] in global agri food value chains and an anecdote just from a a South African
[06:47:31] anecdote just from a a South African retailer looking to uh comply with a
[06:47:34] retailer looking to uh comply with a voluntary standard around reducing
[06:47:36] voluntary standard around reducing greenhouse gas emissions, one which did
[06:47:38] greenhouse gas emissions, one which did not uh factor
[06:47:41] not uh factor uh equity or CBDR into its methodology
[06:47:45] uh equity or CBDR into its methodology um resulted in in the retailer having to
[06:47:48] um resulted in in the retailer having to deal with a trade-off between supporting
[06:47:51] deal with a trade-off between supporting uh shifting to suppliers that that were
[06:47:54] uh shifting to suppliers that that were large and able to decarbonize compared
[06:47:57] large and able to decarbonize compared to those that they had been supporting
[06:47:58] to those that they had been supporting which were much smaller um but less
[06:48:00] which were much smaller um but less capacitated to to be able to transition.
[06:48:04] capacitated to to be able to transition. um and and finding the decision to to to
[06:48:07] um and and finding the decision to to to go with those smaller uh suppliers that
[06:48:09] go with those smaller uh suppliers that they built a relationship with over
[06:48:11] they built a relationship with over time. Um and and that trade-off being
[06:48:14] time. Um and and that trade-off being one that was difficult to then have in a
[06:48:16] one that was difficult to then have in a conversation with investors thinking
[06:48:18] conversation with investors thinking about those global standards. Um and
[06:48:20] about those global standards. Um and then just so the importance of
[06:48:22] then just so the importance of international drivers um being treated
[06:48:26] international drivers um being treated explicitly within this context of this
[06:48:28] explicitly within this context of this conversation. uh other examples
[06:48:31] conversation. uh other examples sustainability and traceability
[06:48:32] sustainability and traceability requirements which affect uh South
[06:48:35] requirements which affect uh South Africa's exports like citrus, wine, beef
[06:48:37] Africa's exports like citrus, wine, beef and examples of some of those uh some of
[06:48:41] and examples of some of those uh some of those small holders struggling to to
[06:48:42] those small holders struggling to to comply with those international
[06:48:44] comply with those international requirements. Uh fertilizer and input uh
[06:48:47] requirements. Uh fertilizer and input uh price shocks that we've discussed um uh
[06:48:51] price shocks that we've discussed um uh and then again the retail concentration
[06:48:53] and then again the retail concentration of of global buyers which limits the
[06:48:55] of of global buyers which limits the bargaining power of of producers in
[06:48:57] bargaining power of of producers in Africa. And and then just to echo uh the
[06:49:01] Africa. And and then just to echo uh the comment from my colleague from the
[06:49:03] comment from my colleague from the African group from Ghana just around
[06:49:05] African group from Ghana just around food waste uh and food loss and
[06:49:08] food waste uh and food loss and particularly that reducing food loss and
[06:49:11] particularly that reducing food loss and waste is one of the the clearest
[06:49:12] waste is one of the the clearest achievable wins. Something that
[06:49:14] achievable wins. Something that simultaneously improves food security,
[06:49:17] simultaneously improves food security, reduces emissions, strengthens value uh
[06:49:20] reduces emissions, strengthens value uh value chains and increases incomes yet
[06:49:23] value chains and increases incomes yet uh remains relatively under financed and
[06:49:25] uh remains relatively under financed and underprioritized. Thank you.
[06:49:28] underprioritized. Thank you. Thank you um um to the representative of
[06:49:32] Thank you um um to the representative of South Africa. We are running very low on
[06:49:33] South Africa. We are running very low on time now with a hard stop in about three
[06:49:35] time now with a hard stop in about three to four minutes. I would like to invite
[06:49:37] to four minutes. I would like to invite remaining speakers uh to concentrate on
[06:49:40] remaining speakers uh to concentrate on key points. So first one would be the
[06:49:42] key points. So first one would be the ENGO representative.
[06:49:46] >> Thank you facilitator. Uh my name is
[06:49:50] >> Thank you facilitator. Uh my name is Tina. I speak uh behalf Eno uh Galedes
[06:49:54] Tina. I speak uh behalf Eno uh Galedes black woman institute based in Brazil.
[06:49:58] black woman institute based in Brazil. Um
[06:50:00] Um the global transition toward a low
[06:50:02] the global transition toward a low emission future cannot be confined to
[06:50:06] emission future cannot be confined to rural landscapes or industrial sectors.
[06:50:10] rural landscapes or industrial sectors. It's very important to put this
[06:50:13] It's very important to put this discussion of just transition inside the
[06:50:16] discussion of just transition inside the urban contexts that have a complex
[06:50:19] urban contexts that have a complex vulnerable situation about impacts of
[06:50:23] vulnerable situation about impacts of climate change. And uh to achieve a
[06:50:26] climate change. And uh to achieve a truly inclusive and resilient future, we
[06:50:30] truly inclusive and resilient future, we must integrate urban agroecology and
[06:50:34] must integrate urban agroecology and circular economy principles as essential
[06:50:38] circular economy principles as essential metabolic functions of the modern city
[06:50:42] metabolic functions of the modern city and that we need to recognize that exist
[06:50:45] and that we need to recognize that exist local communities and the traditional
[06:50:48] local communities and the traditional communities living in urban contexts.
[06:50:51] communities living in urban contexts. Urban agricology is more than a food
[06:50:55] Urban agricology is more than a food production method is a process of
[06:50:58] production method is a process of territorial healing. And we need to put
[06:51:02] territorial healing. And we need to put uh these uh public policies in the
[06:51:05] uh these uh public policies in the national and subnational levels to
[06:51:08] national and subnational levels to recognize the importance of uh embracing
[06:51:12] recognize the importance of uh embracing the uh urban agricology for uh a really
[06:51:17] the uh urban agricology for uh a really just transition. Uh we need to put uh
[06:51:21] just transition. Uh we need to put uh more protection urban agricultural
[06:51:24] more protection urban agricultural spaces uh from gentrification and
[06:51:28] spaces uh from gentrification and speculative development through clear
[06:51:31] speculative development through clear land use regulations and integrate urban
[06:51:36] land use regulations and integrate urban agricology into national adaptation
[06:51:39] agricology into national adaptation plans and just transitionals uh plans
[06:51:43] plans and just transitionals uh plans and the city master's plans recognizing
[06:51:47] and the city master's plans recognizing urban farmers ers as critical
[06:51:50] urban farmers ers as critical environmental steps. We cannot separate
[06:51:54] environmental steps. We cannot separate the health of our planet from the
[06:51:57] the health of our planet from the quality of life in our cities by
[06:52:01] quality of life in our cities by embracing urban agricology and
[06:52:03] embracing urban agricology and circularity. We are not just reducing
[06:52:07] circularity. We are not just reducing emissions. We are dismantling the
[06:52:10] emissions. We are dismantling the structures of exclusion. We are building
[06:52:13] structures of exclusion. We are building cities that breed, feed themselves and
[06:52:16] cities that breed, feed themselves and protect their most vulnerable. For us,
[06:52:20] protect their most vulnerable. For us, this is the essence of just transition,
[06:52:22] this is the essence of just transition, a journey that leaves no territory and
[06:52:25] a journey that leaves no territory and no person behind. Thank you.
[06:52:28] no person behind. Thank you. >> Thank you for that. And we are running
[06:52:31] >> Thank you for that. And we are running very low on time now. We do have one
[06:52:33] very low on time now. We do have one party hand flagged um online. So I would
[06:52:36] party hand flagged um online. So I would like to invite the colleague from Bkina
[06:52:38] like to invite the colleague from Bkina Faso for very final words. um no not
[06:52:41] Faso for very final words. um no not longer than a minute if possible you may
[06:52:43] longer than a minute if possible you may add additional points in the meeting
[06:52:45] add additional points in the meeting chat which I think is available but
[06:52:46] chat which I think is available but we'll find other ways um but over to
[06:52:48] we'll find other ways um but over to Bkina Faso um
[06:52:52] Bkina Faso um okay yes
[06:52:54] okay yes >> thank you very much if you can hear me
[06:52:56] >> thank you very much if you can hear me so I will be very brief just an
[06:52:58] so I will be very brief just an answering to regard to the informal
[06:53:01] answering to regard to the informal sector and uh also to give a beginning
[06:53:04] sector and uh also to give a beginning of answer to our colleague from the
[06:53:06] of answer to our colleague from the European Union without the informal
[06:53:09] European Union without the informal sector there is no feeding. Uh and there
[06:53:12] sector there is no feeding. Uh and there is a debate going with urban
[06:53:14] is a debate going with urban agriculture. Agriculture is agriculture.
[06:53:17] agriculture. Agriculture is agriculture. If we start splitting what is in in in
[06:53:20] If we start splitting what is in in in towns and we rather prefer family
[06:53:23] towns and we rather prefer family farming or uh proximity farming bringing
[06:53:27] farming or uh proximity farming bringing the the closer to the delivery uh uh
[06:53:30] the the closer to the delivery uh uh path. um financing we need also to to uh
[06:53:35] path. um financing we need also to to uh to keep in mind that the first investors
[06:53:38] to keep in mind that the first investors in world are the farmers but this is not
[06:53:41] in world are the farmers but this is not recognized and I think this that the
[06:53:44] recognized and I think this that the just transition mechanism also need to
[06:53:46] just transition mechanism also need to start thinking on that and to
[06:53:48] start thinking on that and to recognizing it systematically as you uh
[06:53:51] recognizing it systematically as you uh you advise I will stop there and send
[06:53:54] you advise I will stop there and send our inputs then on um
[06:53:57] our inputs then on um on writing thank you very much and we do
[06:54:00] on writing thank you very much and we do hope that our two points that is uh that
[06:54:03] hope that our two points that is uh that I raised will be taken into
[06:54:05] I raised will be taken into consideration. Thank you very much for
[06:54:07] consideration. Thank you very much for your excellent moderation. I appreciate
[06:54:09] your excellent moderation. I appreciate it.
[06:54:10] it. >> Thank you Bkina Faso for these points
[06:54:12] >> Thank you Bkina Faso for these points and looking forward to um the points in
[06:54:15] and looking forward to um the points in writing as well. I um apologize I did
[06:54:17] writing as well. I um apologize I did overlook a raised flag in the in the
[06:54:19] overlook a raised flag in the in the back of the room there from our
[06:54:21] back of the room there from our colleague from OCHR. Um that will be the
[06:54:25] colleague from OCHR. Um that will be the final one.
[06:54:27] final one. Thank you very much and I will be really
[06:54:29] Thank you very much and I will be really short and concise. So uh building on
[06:54:32] short and concise. So uh building on OCR's analysis uh addressing climate
[06:54:36] OCR's analysis uh addressing climate impact on the right to food required uh
[06:54:38] impact on the right to food required uh of course echoing what you already uh
[06:54:41] of course echoing what you already uh present the human based approach. So
[06:54:43] present the human based approach. So acro uh ecologies and agroforesty and
[06:54:46] acro uh ecologies and agroforesty and circularity are not only technical
[06:54:49] circularity are not only technical solutions they can help uh
[06:54:51] solutions they can help uh operationalize key human rights
[06:54:53] operationalize key human rights principle by prioritizing the small
[06:54:56] principle by prioritizing the small scale uh farmers, indigenous peoples,
[06:54:58] scale uh farmers, indigenous peoples, women, rural and migrants, workers and
[06:55:01] women, rural and migrants, workers and communities most affect by climate
[06:55:03] communities most affect by climate impacts and food insecurity and also
[06:55:05] impacts and food insecurity and also would like to echo that uh is really
[06:55:08] would like to echo that uh is really important to ensuring the meaningful
[06:55:10] important to ensuring the meaningful participation access to information and
[06:55:13] participation access to information and free player informed consent where
[06:55:15] free player informed consent where indigenous people's land territories and
[06:55:17] indigenous people's land territories and resources uh involve protecting land
[06:55:20] resources uh involve protecting land tenure traditional knowledge
[06:55:22] tenure traditional knowledge biodiversityities and uh local food
[06:55:24] biodiversityities and uh local food systems and reducing uh food loss and
[06:55:28] systems and reducing uh food loss and waste through right based public
[06:55:29] waste through right based public policies local food systems and uh fair
[06:55:33] policies local food systems and uh fair routines and ensuring uh that transition
[06:55:37] routines and ensuring uh that transition uh measures do not create uh new
[06:55:39] uh measures do not create uh new inequalities, displacement or loss of
[06:55:42] inequalities, displacement or loss of livelihood. ood and last point
[06:55:44] livelihood. ood and last point ultimately uh ensuring the right to food
[06:55:46] ultimately uh ensuring the right to food in the context of climate change require
[06:55:48] in the context of climate change require not only uh transforming how we produce
[06:55:51] not only uh transforming how we produce food but also centering human rights uh
[06:55:54] food but also centering human rights uh dignity and deceit uh in these
[06:55:56] dignity and deceit uh in these transition pathways. Thank you.
[06:56:00] transition pathways. Thank you. >> Thank you to the colleague of um UN OCR
[06:56:05] >> Thank you to the colleague of um UN OCR um and to everybody for the rich
[06:56:07] um and to everybody for the rich contributions. I am afraid we are told
[06:56:09] contributions. I am afraid we are told to rotate rooms. Um so um um I believe
[06:56:15] to rotate rooms. Um so um um I believe that is what we have to do.
[06:56:21] >> Of course. Yes. Um yes actually the ones
[06:56:25] >> Of course. Yes. Um yes actually the ones who have to rotate rooms are ourselves
[06:56:27] who have to rotate rooms are ourselves not you. So you'll be uh you'll be uh
[06:56:29] not you. So you'll be uh you'll be uh staying here together as a group. Um and
[06:56:32] staying here together as a group. Um and then the intervention can be provided in
[06:56:34] then the intervention can be provided in the next um in the next session. Um so
[06:56:37] the next um in the next session. Um so everybody will get to hear that as well.
[06:56:39] everybody will get to hear that as well. Um so thank you everybody and um looking
[06:56:42] Um so thank you everybody and um looking forward to continuing the conversation.
[06:56:44] forward to continuing the conversation. You you stay here and we rotate.
[07:01:43] All right, good afternoon.
[07:01:47] All right, good afternoon. I think that was a good break already
[07:01:49] I think that was a good break already for us to proceed to the next session.
[07:01:51] for us to proceed to the next session. So, good afternoon everyone. I am Maria
[07:01:54] So, good afternoon everyone. I am Maria Deida Sea Lid Seiya. I am with UN
[07:01:57] Deida Sea Lid Seiya. I am with UN Habitat. have uh I am uh the regional
[07:02:00] Habitat. have uh I am uh the regional coordinator for Asia Pacific for the
[07:02:02] coordinator for Asia Pacific for the climate uh and urban environment work
[07:02:04] climate uh and urban environment work that we do. So welcome to this breakout
[07:02:07] that we do. So welcome to this breakout session. This breakout session is on
[07:02:10] session. This breakout session is on oceanbased action in nationally
[07:02:12] oceanbased action in nationally determined just transition pathways that
[07:02:15] determined just transition pathways that enhance food security. So we are now
[07:02:19] enhance food security. So we are now sharing with you I'm sure you have seen
[07:02:20] sharing with you I'm sure you have seen this before the question that we need to
[07:02:23] this before the question that we need to answer in this group. How can oceanbased
[07:02:25] answer in this group. How can oceanbased action, including the protection and
[07:02:28] action, including the protection and restoration of marine and coastal
[07:02:29] restoration of marine and coastal ecosystems and the promotion of
[07:02:32] ecosystems and the promotion of sustainable fisheries and aquaculture
[07:02:34] sustainable fisheries and aquaculture contribute to the holistic and inclusive
[07:02:36] contribute to the holistic and inclusive nationally determined just transition
[07:02:38] nationally determined just transition pathways that strengthen food security
[07:02:41] pathways that strengthen food security as well as resilience while delivering
[07:02:43] as well as resilience while delivering mitigation co- benefits. As in the
[07:02:45] mitigation co- benefits. As in the previous breakout for your contributions
[07:02:48] previous breakout for your contributions as I open it just uh please raise your
[07:02:50] as I open it just uh please raise your flag and then I will recognize you. We
[07:02:53] flag and then I will recognize you. We also have participants from uh online
[07:02:56] also have participants from uh online who we will be recognizing as they raise
[07:02:59] who we will be recognizing as they raise their hands. So opening the floor now
[07:03:02] their hands. So opening the floor now for your contributions and happy to have
[07:03:04] for your contributions and happy to have someone break the ice.
[07:03:12] Happy to hear how your experiences and
[07:03:15] Happy to hear how your experiences and work on the ground are emerging on
[07:03:18] work on the ground are emerging on ensuring
[07:03:19] ensuring just transition
[07:03:21] just transition in the context of our visav ocean based
[07:03:24] in the context of our visav ocean based action. So
[07:03:26] action. So Yango.
[07:03:32] Okay. Hello. My name is Shi Abayani from
[07:03:35] Okay. Hello. My name is Shi Abayani from Yango and thank you for giving me the
[07:03:37] Yango and thank you for giving me the floor. So focusing on oceanbased action
[07:03:40] floor. So focusing on oceanbased action determines how just transition pathways
[07:03:42] determines how just transition pathways can be impended implemented in practice
[07:03:44] can be impended implemented in practice especially for the protection and
[07:03:46] especially for the protection and restoration of marine ecosystems. So I
[07:03:49] restoration of marine ecosystems. So I would like to highlight in particular
[07:03:50] would like to highlight in particular the importance of blue carbon ecosystems
[07:03:53] the importance of blue carbon ecosystems which include u mangroves, seagrasses
[07:03:55] which include u mangroves, seagrasses and coastal wetlands as present in many
[07:03:57] and coastal wetlands as present in many different countries and which represent
[07:04:00] different countries and which represent critical mitigation pathways as they
[07:04:02] critical mitigation pathways as they sequester and store significant amounts
[07:04:04] sequester and store significant amounts of carbon particularly in their soils
[07:04:06] of carbon particularly in their soils for over long time scales and underpin
[07:04:09] for over long time scales and underpin essential ecosystem services for
[07:04:11] essential ecosystem services for communities. So among those ecosystem
[07:04:13] communities. So among those ecosystem services that relates to food security
[07:04:16] services that relates to food security is their ability to become nurseries or
[07:04:18] is their ability to become nurseries or habitats for fish and crustaceians since
[07:04:21] habitats for fish and crustaceians since they sustain fishery productivities and
[07:04:23] they sustain fishery productivities and support livelihoods of smallcale fishers
[07:04:26] support livelihoods of smallcale fishers and their degradation poses direct risks
[07:04:28] and their degradation poses direct risks to both the income and food availability
[07:04:30] to both the income and food availability in the long term. So on the restoration
[07:04:32] in the long term. So on the restoration and degradation of these coastal
[07:04:34] and degradation of these coastal ecosystems including abandoned and
[07:04:36] ecosystems including abandoned and underutilized fish ponds such as the
[07:04:38] underutilized fish ponds such as the ones in Southeast Asia, we offer um this
[07:04:41] ones in Southeast Asia, we offer um this offers opportunities to create
[07:04:42] offers opportunities to create employment in the fishery sector and
[07:04:44] employment in the fishery sector and enhancement of carbon sinks and
[07:04:46] enhancement of carbon sinks and strengthening of climate resilience. In
[07:04:49] strengthening of climate resilience. In parallel, the expansion and effective
[07:04:51] parallel, the expansion and effective management of MPAs or marine protected
[07:04:53] management of MPAs or marine protected areas also contribute to the
[07:04:55] areas also contribute to the biodiversity confer
[07:04:57] biodiversity confer recovery along with long-term resource
[07:05:00] recovery along with long-term resource security as um this avenue on protected
[07:05:03] security as um this avenue on protected areas is also supported by the 30 by30
[07:05:05] areas is also supported by the 30 by30 framework and the BBNG agreement. So in
[07:05:08] framework and the BBNG agreement. So in alignment with the just transition
[07:05:09] alignment with the just transition pathways, these efforts must be anchored
[07:05:12] pathways, these efforts must be anchored in concrete mechanisms that ensure
[07:05:14] in concrete mechanisms that ensure fairness and inclusivity which includes
[07:05:17] fairness and inclusivity which includes targeted accessible finance toward
[07:05:19] targeted accessible finance toward coastal and small-cale fishing
[07:05:21] coastal and small-cale fishing communities, investing in capacity
[07:05:23] communities, investing in capacity building and skills development and
[07:05:25] building and skills development and alternative livelihoods when needed in
[07:05:27] alternative livelihoods when needed in the transition and establishing strong
[07:05:29] the transition and establishing strong social safeguards to prevent
[07:05:30] social safeguards to prevent displacement and inequate um inequitable
[07:05:33] displacement and inequate um inequitable access to resources. especially and also
[07:05:37] access to resources. especially and also for other um aside from this is the on
[07:05:40] for other um aside from this is the on the participatory approaches that must
[07:05:42] the participatory approaches that must be institutionalized to ensure that
[07:05:44] be institutionalized to ensure that coastal communities, indigenous peoples
[07:05:46] coastal communities, indigenous peoples and small-cale fishers are meaningfully
[07:05:48] and small-cale fishers are meaningfully involved in the decision-making
[07:05:49] involved in the decision-making processes. So generally the these
[07:05:52] processes. So generally the these oceanbased solutions should be
[07:05:53] oceanbased solutions should be integrated into national policies and
[07:05:56] integrated into national policies and planning frameworks especially in the
[07:05:58] planning frameworks especially in the nationally determined pathways and
[07:05:59] nationally determined pathways and long-term strategies to with the support
[07:06:01] long-term strategies to with the support of public finance and climate funds and
[07:06:04] of public finance and climate funds and technology transfer to ensure
[07:06:05] technology transfer to ensure accountability and equitable
[07:06:07] accountability and equitable distribution of benefits. So this
[07:06:10] distribution of benefits. So this transition can be operalized in a way
[07:06:11] transition can be operalized in a way that is not only just low carbon but in
[07:06:14] that is not only just low carbon but in but inclusive and rights based and
[07:06:16] but inclusive and rights based and responsive to the needs of those
[07:06:17] responsive to the needs of those affected. So thank you
[07:06:21] affected. So thank you Thank you very much, Jango.
[07:06:30] >> Yes, please go ahead. We couldn't see
[07:06:32] >> Yes, please go ahead. We couldn't see from here. Thank you, William. Uh, I'm
[07:06:35] from here. Thank you, William. Uh, I'm speaking on behalf of the office of the
[07:06:37] speaking on behalf of the office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights,
[07:06:39] UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, OCR. Uh I only uh have four point to to
[07:06:42] OCR. Uh I only uh have four point to to raise to support the holistic uh and
[07:06:45] raise to support the holistic uh and inclusive just transition pathway and uh
[07:06:48] inclusive just transition pathway and uh oceanbased action can contribute by uh
[07:06:51] oceanbased action can contribute by uh ensuring equitable access to marine
[07:06:53] ensuring equitable access to marine resources including safeguarding
[07:06:56] resources including safeguarding customary tenure and preventing the
[07:06:58] customary tenure and preventing the exclusion from uh conservative
[07:07:00] exclusion from uh conservative conservation and blue economies
[07:07:02] conservation and blue economies initiative and centering smallcale
[07:07:05] initiative and centering smallcale officials and coastal communities as a
[07:07:08] officials and coastal communities as a key actors uh International transition
[07:07:11] key actors uh International transition pathway uh recognize their role in food
[07:07:14] pathway uh recognize their role in food system and ocean stewardship and
[07:07:17] system and ocean stewardship and strengthening governance and
[07:07:19] strengthening governance and participation including access to
[07:07:21] participation including access to information and inclusive decision
[07:07:24] information and inclusive decision making in marine special uh planning and
[07:07:27] making in marine special uh planning and coastal development. And lastly uh it
[07:07:30] coastal development. And lastly uh it need to uh manage the tradeoffs
[07:07:32] need to uh manage the tradeoffs carefully to ensure that the climate and
[07:07:35] carefully to ensure that the climate and conservations measures do not result in
[07:07:38] conservations measures do not result in the displacement loss of access and
[07:07:41] the displacement loss of access and increase inequalities. Thank you very
[07:07:43] increase inequalities. Thank you very much.
[07:07:44] much. >> Thank you very much. We have uh the
[07:07:46] >> Thank you very much. We have uh the European Union and then United followed
[07:07:49] European Union and then United followed by the United Kingdom.
[07:07:51] by the United Kingdom. You go first. All right. the UK first
[07:07:54] You go first. All right. the UK first then
[07:08:00] >> thank you very much for giving me the
[07:08:02] >> thank you very much for giving me the floor facilitator. Um so uh climate
[07:08:06] floor facilitator. Um so uh climate change poses a a significant and growing
[07:08:08] change poses a a significant and growing threat to global ecosystems including
[07:08:10] threat to global ecosystems including the marine and freshwater environments
[07:08:12] the marine and freshwater environments that underpin fisheries resources. As
[07:08:15] that underpin fisheries resources. As climate impacts intensify, uncertainty
[07:08:18] climate impacts intensify, uncertainty for fisheries increases, challenging
[07:08:20] for fisheries increases, challenging existing governance frameworks and and
[07:08:22] existing governance frameworks and and heightening risks for coastal
[07:08:24] heightening risks for coastal communities and international fishery
[07:08:26] communities and international fishery agreements. Protecting marine
[07:08:28] agreements. Protecting marine nature-based solutions like blue carbon
[07:08:30] nature-based solutions like blue carbon ecosystems offers multiple co- benefits
[07:08:33] ecosystems offers multiple co- benefits beyond just carbon sequestration. They
[07:08:36] beyond just carbon sequestration. They offer climate resilience by buffering
[07:08:37] offer climate resilience by buffering coastlines against storms, floodings,
[07:08:40] coastlines against storms, floodings, and ocean and erosion. conserving
[07:08:42] and ocean and erosion. conserving biodiversity by providing rich habitats
[07:08:45] biodiversity by providing rich habitats for marine life, supporting coastal
[07:08:47] for marine life, supporting coastal communities, livelihoods by sustaining
[07:08:49] communities, livelihoods by sustaining fisheries and local economies and
[07:08:51] fisheries and local economies and improving water quality.
[07:08:55] improving water quality. Uh and and also paragraph 35 of of the
[07:08:57] Uh and and also paragraph 35 of of the GST recognizes this importance by
[07:08:59] GST recognizes this importance by inviting parties to preserve and restore
[07:09:02] inviting parties to preserve and restore oceans and coastal ecosystems and scale
[07:09:04] oceans and coastal ecosystems and scale up oceanbased mitigation action. and the
[07:09:07] up oceanbased mitigation action. and the UK's uh nationally determined
[07:09:09] UK's uh nationally determined contribution highlights our commitment
[07:09:11] contribution highlights our commitment to protect and restore uh critical
[07:09:13] to protect and restore uh critical coastal habitats such as salt marshes.
[07:09:16] coastal habitats such as salt marshes. It also recognizes the central role of
[07:09:18] It also recognizes the central role of offshore wind in in our drive to achieve
[07:09:20] offshore wind in in our drive to achieve net zero which also offers jobs job
[07:09:23] net zero which also offers jobs job opportunities for workers uh including
[07:09:26] opportunities for workers uh including those moving across from the oil and gas
[07:09:28] those moving across from the oil and gas industry. Um and we have a a skills
[07:09:30] industry. Um and we have a a skills passport initiative which is designed to
[07:09:32] passport initiative which is designed to help workers move between jobs or
[07:09:34] help workers move between jobs or sectors particularly in the green energy
[07:09:37] sectors particularly in the green energy transition.
[07:09:38] transition. The UK government is also working very
[07:09:40] The UK government is also working very closely with our fishing and and seafood
[07:09:42] closely with our fishing and and seafood sectors to ensure that they are vibrant
[07:09:44] sectors to ensure that they are vibrant uh profitable and sustainable for
[07:09:46] uh profitable and sustainable for fishing communities alongside a healthy
[07:09:48] fishing communities alongside a healthy and productive marine environment. Uh
[07:09:52] and productive marine environment. Uh and then outside of of the UNFC work,
[07:09:54] and then outside of of the UNFC work, we're taking action both at home and and
[07:09:56] we're taking action both at home and and internationally to meet the global
[07:09:58] internationally to meet the global commitment to protect 30% of the world's
[07:10:00] commitment to protect 30% of the world's ocean by 2030. Uh and the biodiversity
[07:10:03] ocean by 2030. Uh and the biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction agreement
[07:10:05] beyond national jurisdiction agreement will play a a key role supporting the
[07:10:07] will play a a key role supporting the the delivery of of that commitment. And
[07:10:10] the delivery of of that commitment. And we're also working to support oceanbased
[07:10:12] we're also working to support oceanbased action internationally. Um, through our
[07:10:14] action internationally. Um, through our international development marine
[07:10:16] international development marine programming, the UK has provided funding
[07:10:18] programming, the UK has provided funding to a range of ocean positive projects,
[07:10:20] to a range of ocean positive projects, helping coastal communities develop
[07:10:23] helping coastal communities develop sustainable blue economies, attract
[07:10:25] sustainable blue economies, attract private sector investment into the
[07:10:26] private sector investment into the ocean, and build climate resilience in
[07:10:29] ocean, and build climate resilience in countries around the world. Uh, so so
[07:10:32] countries around the world. Uh, so so far more than 500 million of public and
[07:10:34] far more than 500 million of public and private finance has been mobilized as a
[07:10:36] private finance has been mobilized as a result of the Blue Planet Fund
[07:10:38] result of the Blue Planet Fund programming. Thank you.
[07:10:41] programming. Thank you. >> Thank you, UK. Now to the EU.
[07:10:44] >> Thank you, UK. Now to the EU. >> Thank you.
[07:10:46] >> Thank you. So oceans are an integral part of food
[07:10:49] So oceans are an integral part of food systems centious transition pathways
[07:10:51] systems centious transition pathways providing livelihoods, nutrition and
[07:10:53] providing livelihoods, nutrition and climate mitigation. We therefore call
[07:10:56] climate mitigation. We therefore call for integrating oceanbased action into
[07:10:58] for integrating oceanbased action into food systems transitions. Um from a
[07:11:01] food systems transitions. Um from a fisheries and aquaculture uh
[07:11:03] fisheries and aquaculture uh perspective, addressing the challenges
[07:11:05] perspective, addressing the challenges of climate change should pursue pursue
[07:11:07] of climate change should pursue pursue two the two following objectives.
[07:11:10] two the two following objectives. adapting the fishery and aquaculture
[07:11:12] adapting the fishery and aquaculture sectors as well as the overall
[07:11:14] sectors as well as the overall governance and management to change to
[07:11:16] governance and management to change to changes in climatic and environmental
[07:11:19] changes in climatic and environmental conditions. And second, reducing uh
[07:11:22] conditions. And second, reducing uh greenhouse gas emissions um and the
[07:11:24] greenhouse gas emissions um and the environmental footprint from the fishery
[07:11:26] environmental footprint from the fishery and aquacultural sector to m mitigate
[07:11:29] and aquacultural sector to m mitigate the magnitude of climate change. In
[07:11:32] the magnitude of climate change. In particular, the implementation of the
[07:11:34] particular, the implementation of the IMO net zero framework addresses a just
[07:11:37] IMO net zero framework addresses a just transition by using revenues from
[07:11:39] transition by using revenues from shipping, greenhouse gas pricing to
[07:11:42] shipping, greenhouse gas pricing to support developing countries fishing
[07:11:44] support developing countries fishing fleets, funding cleaner fuels,
[07:11:46] fleets, funding cleaner fuels, technology uptake, seafare training,
[07:11:48] technology uptake, seafare training, capacity building and equitable
[07:11:50] capacity building and equitable equitable adoption of lowcarbon
[07:11:52] equitable adoption of lowcarbon technologies to avoid disproportionate
[07:11:55] technologies to avoid disproportionate impacts. Um, oceanbased mitigation
[07:11:59] impacts. Um, oceanbased mitigation action should always be sustainable and
[07:12:01] action should always be sustainable and protect the integrity and biodiversity
[07:12:03] protect the integrity and biodiversity of all ecosystems in accordance with the
[07:12:05] of all ecosystems in accordance with the best available science and the
[07:12:07] best available science and the precautionary principle. Um,
[07:12:10] precautionary principle. Um, nature-based solutions in marine and and
[07:12:13] nature-based solutions in marine and and coastal ecosystems such as mangrove and
[07:12:16] coastal ecosystems such as mangrove and seaggrass restoration delivers um,
[07:12:19] seaggrass restoration delivers um, mitigation, adaptation and food security
[07:12:22] mitigation, adaptation and food security um, co- benefits. And the EU also
[07:12:25] um, co- benefits. And the EU also emphasizes the need for rights based
[07:12:27] emphasizes the need for rights based approaches for smallcale fishers
[07:12:29] approaches for smallcale fishers ensuring access to resources, social
[07:12:31] ensuring access to resources, social protection and fair markets
[07:12:33] protection and fair markets participation.
[07:12:35] participation. Um the EU has um has uh developed the
[07:12:39] Um the EU has um has uh developed the European Ocean Pact in 2025 which places
[07:12:43] European Ocean Pact in 2025 which places ecosystem protection and restoration at
[07:12:45] ecosystem protection and restoration at the center of EU ocean governance
[07:12:48] the center of EU ocean governance explicitly linking ocean health to food
[07:12:50] explicitly linking ocean health to food security, coastal livelihoods and
[07:12:52] security, coastal livelihoods and climate resilience. It promotes the
[07:12:55] climate resilience. It promotes the large scale deployment of marine uh
[07:12:57] large scale deployment of marine uh protected areas and ecosystem based
[07:13:00] protected areas and ecosystem based management as enablers of resilient
[07:13:02] management as enablers of resilient fisheries and coastal economies.
[07:13:05] fisheries and coastal economies. Um they it's a it's a people under the
[07:13:08] Um they it's a it's a people under the ocean pact. It's a people centered uh
[07:13:10] ocean pact. It's a people centered uh transition um explicitly recognizing
[07:13:13] transition um explicitly recognizing that fisheries, aquaculture and marine
[07:13:16] that fisheries, aquaculture and marine value chains as central to food
[07:13:17] value chains as central to food security, employment and livelihoods in
[07:13:20] security, employment and livelihoods in coastal and island communities. And um
[07:13:24] coastal and island communities. And um rather than treating environmental
[07:13:25] rather than treating environmental action and social outcomes separately,
[07:13:27] action and social outcomes separately, the pact links ecosystem restoration
[07:13:30] the pact links ecosystem restoration with skills development, generation or
[07:13:32] with skills development, generation or renewal um income resilience notably for
[07:13:36] renewal um income resilience notably for small-cale fishers and ocean dependent
[07:13:38] small-cale fishers and ocean dependent uh workers. Um it's also uh the pact
[07:13:42] uh workers. Um it's also uh the pact also recognizes social dialogue and
[07:13:44] also recognizes social dialogue and stakeholder participation as enabling
[07:13:46] stakeholder participation as enabling condition for just transition uh of of
[07:13:49] condition for just transition uh of of of fisheries and in fisheries and
[07:13:51] of fisheries and in fisheries and aquaculture. Um it it promotes really
[07:13:54] aquaculture. Um it it promotes really structured engagement of fishers, social
[07:13:56] structured engagement of fishers, social partners, coastal community uh and civil
[07:13:59] partners, coastal community uh and civil society in the in the design of of
[07:14:01] society in the in the design of of measures uh such as marine protected
[07:14:03] measures uh such as marine protected areas uh and in them in the
[07:14:06] areas uh and in them in the implementation as well through advisory
[07:14:08] implementation as well through advisory bodies and and future uh stakeholder
[07:14:11] bodies and and future uh stakeholder ocean boards uh under under this EU
[07:14:14] ocean boards uh under under this EU ocean pact. Thank you.
[07:14:16] ocean pact. Thank you. >> Thank you very much. Saudi Arabia
[07:14:18] >> Thank you very much. Saudi Arabia please.
[07:14:24] Yeah, thank you. Thank you, madam
[07:14:25] Yeah, thank you. Thank you, madam facilitator. This is this is a very
[07:14:27] facilitator. This is this is a very important topic. Um maybe just a a quick
[07:14:31] important topic. Um maybe just a a quick remark. I think the the points that were
[07:14:33] remark. I think the the points that were made about the blue economy are very
[07:14:35] made about the blue economy are very positive uh point that we need to uh
[07:14:38] positive uh point that we need to uh there's a need for investing in blue
[07:14:40] there's a need for investing in blue economy and and starting also um doing
[07:14:44] economy and and starting also um doing oceanbased activities that help reduce
[07:14:46] oceanbased activities that help reduce emissions. uh for example in Saudi we we
[07:14:49] emissions. uh for example in Saudi we we don't have an ocean but we are planting
[07:14:51] don't have an ocean but we are planting mangroves and on the coasts where this
[07:14:53] mangroves and on the coasts where this is helping reduce emissions uh
[07:14:55] is helping reduce emissions uh significantly in the in the context of
[07:14:58] significantly in the in the context of blue economy we think that it should
[07:15:00] blue economy we think that it should create jobs for all sectors or people
[07:15:02] create jobs for all sectors or people losing jobs uh new jobs so it's not just
[07:15:06] losing jobs uh new jobs so it's not just about limiting it for people losing jobs
[07:15:08] about limiting it for people losing jobs in in one specific sector but we think
[07:15:10] in in one specific sector but we think that it should be um in all sectors uh
[07:15:14] that it should be um in all sectors uh in this context uh
[07:15:16] in this context uh not just transition pathways related to
[07:15:19] not just transition pathways related to oceanbased activities should remain
[07:15:21] oceanbased activities should remain aligned with existing international uh
[07:15:25] aligned with existing international uh legal frameworks and should respect
[07:15:27] legal frameworks and should respect national sovereignty and jurisdictions.
[07:15:31] national sovereignty and jurisdictions. We recognize the role of oceanbased
[07:15:33] We recognize the role of oceanbased sectors and so in supporting food
[07:15:35] sectors and so in supporting food security and and livelihoods especially
[07:15:38] security and and livelihoods especially in developing countries and emphasize
[07:15:40] in developing countries and emphasize that approaches must be nationally
[07:15:43] that approaches must be nationally determined and context specific
[07:15:46] determined and context specific reflecting varian capacities and
[07:15:49] reflecting varian capacities and priorities. We would we also would like
[07:15:52] priorities. We would we also would like to highlight ocean alkalinity
[07:15:54] to highlight ocean alkalinity enhancement in which it would uh help
[07:15:57] enhancement in which it would uh help stabilize the acidity of of the oceans
[07:16:01] stabilize the acidity of of the oceans and restore the ecosystem while
[07:16:04] and restore the ecosystem while providing a benefit of enhancing the the
[07:16:08] providing a benefit of enhancing the the water absorbance of CO2. So this would
[07:16:11] water absorbance of CO2. So this would create a win-win situation where you're
[07:16:15] create a win-win situation where you're stabilizing the marine environment.
[07:16:16] stabilizing the marine environment. you're reducing the acidity that from
[07:16:19] you're reducing the acidity that from the CO2 and also you're removing CO2
[07:16:23] the CO2 and also you're removing CO2 from the environment and removing
[07:16:24] from the environment and removing emissions. Thank you madam facilitator.
[07:16:27] emissions. Thank you madam facilitator. >> Thank you very much. We have uh the
[07:16:29] >> Thank you very much. We have uh the African group followed by the Republic
[07:16:32] African group followed by the Republic of Korea.
[07:16:35] >> Thank you madame facilitator. Before I
[07:16:39] >> Thank you madame facilitator. Before I go to my substantive um issue, this is
[07:16:43] go to my substantive um issue, this is not digression but is the fact remains
[07:16:45] not digression but is the fact remains that there are certain policies that is
[07:16:48] that there are certain policies that is affecting African countries and I
[07:16:51] affecting African countries and I represent 54 member states and therefore
[07:16:55] represent 54 member states and therefore um I know this is not a negotiating
[07:16:57] um I know this is not a negotiating platform and this is also not a platform
[07:17:00] platform and this is also not a platform to gag um countries from speaking.
[07:17:04] to gag um countries from speaking. um
[07:17:07] um parties are using um deploying
[07:17:09] parties are using um deploying jurisdictional deflection argument um
[07:17:12] jurisdictional deflection argument um attempting to silo sebam and unilateral
[07:17:16] attempting to silo sebam and unilateral trade measures into the response
[07:17:17] trade measures into the response measures for and I think that we should
[07:17:21] measures for and I think that we should look at the Glasgow climate pact
[07:17:23] look at the Glasgow climate pact decision 1 CP226
[07:17:26] decision 1 CP226 paragraph 23 and the Shaml shake
[07:17:29] paragraph 23 and the Shaml shake implementation plan decision 1 CMF4
[07:17:32] implementation plan decision 1 CMF4 paragraph 27 Seven, both of which
[07:17:35] paragraph 27 Seven, both of which addresses institutional arrangement and
[07:17:37] addresses institutional arrangement and it states
[07:17:41] that the just transition be implemented
[07:17:43] that the just transition be implemented in a manner that builds on and
[07:17:46] in a manner that builds on and complement relevant work streams under
[07:17:48] complement relevant work streams under the convention and the Paris agreement.
[07:17:51] the convention and the Paris agreement. So if um a country mentions sebam
[07:17:55] So if um a country mentions sebam unilateral trade measures in its
[07:17:57] unilateral trade measures in its presentation, I don't think that the
[07:17:59] presentation, I don't think that the person is off the point. Having said
[07:18:01] person is off the point. Having said that, the African group engages the
[07:18:04] that, the African group engages the oceanbased action questions with full
[07:18:06] oceanbased action questions with full awareness of the diversity of ocean
[07:18:08] awareness of the diversity of ocean relatives within its member states. The
[07:18:11] relatives within its member states. The West Africa TZ fishing communities of
[07:18:13] West Africa TZ fishing communities of Sineagal, Ghana, Kodivo Rolon and Guinea
[07:18:17] Sineagal, Ghana, Kodivo Rolon and Guinea face climate stresses, ocean warming,
[07:18:20] face climate stresses, ocean warming, acidification, fishtock migration,
[07:18:23] acidification, fishtock migration, coastal erosion alongside governance
[07:18:25] coastal erosion alongside governance challenges including foreign fleet
[07:18:27] challenges including foreign fleet competition and the absence of adequate
[07:18:30] competition and the absence of adequate social protection for workers in
[07:18:32] social protection for workers in smallcale fisheries. Likewise in
[07:18:34] smallcale fisheries. Likewise in countries like Koros, Sells, Mauritius
[07:18:37] countries like Koros, Sells, Mauritius and Ket these diversities are there. We
[07:18:40] and Ket these diversities are there. We also um the Indian Ocean fishes
[07:18:42] also um the Indian Ocean fishes communities of Wambi, Tanzania are all
[07:18:44] communities of Wambi, Tanzania are all there. What
[07:18:47] there. What AGN is seeking is that the JTWP
[07:18:50] AGN is seeking is that the JTWP treatment of oceanbased action
[07:18:53] treatment of oceanbased action acknowledges diversity rather than
[07:18:55] acknowledges diversity rather than homogenizing it.
[07:18:57] homogenizing it. um marine and coastal ecosystem
[07:18:59] um marine and coastal ecosystem protection restoration including
[07:19:01] protection restoration including mangrove restoration, seaggrass, coral
[07:19:04] mangrove restoration, seaggrass, coral reef protection and wetland management
[07:19:07] reef protection and wetland management can make a genuine contribution to food
[07:19:09] can make a genuine contribution to food security. Just just transition where it
[07:19:12] security. Just just transition where it is designed and implementing a free
[07:19:14] is designed and implementing a free prior and informed consent. The agent
[07:19:17] prior and informed consent. The agent supports marine ecosystem investment as
[07:19:19] supports marine ecosystem investment as a component of oceanbased just
[07:19:20] a component of oceanbased just transition on this condition. It does
[07:19:22] transition on this condition. It does not support marine conservation
[07:19:24] not support marine conservation framework that establish protected
[07:19:27] framework that establish protected areas, no take zones or accesses
[07:19:30] areas, no take zones or accesses exclusions without community consent,
[07:19:34] exclusions without community consent, alternative livelihood support and just
[07:19:36] alternative livelihood support and just transition compensation for the fishing
[07:19:38] transition compensation for the fishing communities affected. It is a
[07:19:40] communities affected. It is a livelihood's disposition in ecological
[07:19:43] livelihood's disposition in ecological language. And then in relation to
[07:19:45] language. And then in relation to sustainable fishes and aquaculture
[07:19:46] sustainable fishes and aquaculture development must be nationally
[07:19:48] development must be nationally determined in full sense. Um,
[07:19:54] we also have to guard ourselves against
[07:19:57] we also have to guard ourselves against external frameworks including the
[07:20:00] external frameworks including the European Union's vicious access
[07:20:02] European Union's vicious access agreement, international certification
[07:20:03] agreement, international certification schemes and the MDB blue economy
[07:20:06] schemes and the MDB blue economy investment conditions must be negotiated
[07:20:08] investment conditions must be negotiated as input into frameworks not imposed as
[07:20:12] as input into frameworks not imposed as substitute for them. The agent
[07:20:14] substitute for them. The agent specifically calls for a review of the
[07:20:16] specifically calls for a review of the terms of European Union Africa species
[07:20:18] terms of European Union Africa species partnership agreement in the context of
[07:20:20] partnership agreement in the context of JWP's food security mandate since those
[07:20:23] JWP's food security mandate since those agreement have historically transferred
[07:20:25] agreement have historically transferred economic value from African coastal
[07:20:27] economic value from African coastal communities to European fleets in
[07:20:29] communities to European fleets in proportions. Blue carbon opportunities
[07:20:31] proportions. Blue carbon opportunities particular through mangrove restoration
[07:20:34] particular through mangrove restoration which delivers among the highest carbon
[07:20:36] which delivers among the highest carbon sequestration rate of any ecosystem per
[07:20:38] sequestration rate of any ecosystem per unit area represent a potentially
[07:20:40] unit area represent a potentially significant source of revenue for
[07:20:42] significant source of revenue for African coastal nations and communities.
[07:20:44] African coastal nations and communities. The agent support the development of
[07:20:46] The agent support the development of blue carbon program where they are
[07:20:48] blue carbon program where they are governed transparently deliver direct
[07:20:50] governed transparently deliver direct benefit to the communities managing the
[07:20:52] benefit to the communities managing the relevant ecosystems including robust FBI
[07:20:56] relevant ecosystems including robust FBI process and a structured to resist
[07:20:58] process and a structured to resist capture by international carbon market
[07:21:00] capture by international carbon market intermediaries. Blue carbon must serve
[07:21:02] intermediaries. Blue carbon must serve coastal African communities first. Its
[07:21:05] coastal African communities first. Its mitigation co- benefits acrew to the
[07:21:07] mitigation co- benefits acrew to the global atmosphere but it governers must
[07:21:09] global atmosphere but it governers must be firmly with African national
[07:21:10] be firmly with African national community authority. Finally, the agent
[07:21:14] community authority. Finally, the agent insists that the loss and damage
[07:21:15] insists that the loss and damage dimension of oceanbased food security
[07:21:17] dimension of oceanbased food security impact be acknowledged in this
[07:21:19] impact be acknowledged in this discussion and not quarantined within a
[07:21:21] discussion and not quarantined within a separate process track for African small
[07:21:24] separate process track for African small island states and many coastal
[07:21:26] island states and many coastal communities. Ocean warming and sea level
[07:21:28] communities. Ocean warming and sea level rise are not adaptation challenges with
[07:21:30] rise are not adaptation challenges with cost effective tactical warming and sea
[07:21:33] cost effective tactical warming and sea solutions. They are slow onset loss and
[07:21:35] solutions. They are slow onset loss and damage realities that require full
[07:21:38] damage realities that require full activation of the Santgo network, the
[07:21:40] activation of the Santgo network, the fund for responding to loss and damage
[07:21:42] fund for responding to loss and damage in international solidarity. The GWP
[07:21:45] in international solidarity. The GWP dialogue on oceanbased action must be
[07:21:47] dialogue on oceanbased action must be honest about this boundary and must not
[07:21:49] honest about this boundary and must not imply that just transition finance can
[07:21:51] imply that just transition finance can substitute for the loss and damage
[07:21:53] substitute for the loss and damage finance that the most ocean vulnerable
[07:21:55] finance that the most ocean vulnerable African communities require. Thank you
[07:21:57] African communities require. Thank you madame facilitator.
[07:21:59] madame facilitator. >> Thank you very much. Republic of Korea.
[07:22:05] >> Thank you. Uh
[07:22:07] >> Thank you. Uh first of all, as uh Korea is also a
[07:22:10] first of all, as uh Korea is also a peninsula and with a lot of coastal
[07:22:13] peninsula and with a lot of coastal cities such as the one that we're in,
[07:22:15] cities such as the one that we're in, Yosu, uh we put great importance in
[07:22:19] Yosu, uh we put great importance in oceans. And oceanbased action is
[07:22:22] oceans. And oceanbased action is important because first of all uh the
[07:22:26] important because first of all uh the protection and restoration of marine and
[07:22:28] protection and restoration of marine and coastal ecosystems is critical for
[07:22:30] coastal ecosystems is critical for sustainable food systems and not only
[07:22:33] sustainable food systems and not only this but also livelihoods in many
[07:22:35] this but also livelihoods in many coastal cities that are reliant on
[07:22:38] coastal cities that are reliant on fisheries and aquaculture
[07:22:40] fisheries and aquaculture um are important. And in this regards,
[07:22:43] um are important. And in this regards, the Korean government for example is
[07:22:45] the Korean government for example is providing financial support and
[07:22:47] providing financial support and incentives for fishers to uh when they
[07:22:50] incentives for fishers to uh when they are transitioning to lowcarbon
[07:22:53] are transitioning to lowcarbon environmentally friendly aquaculture.
[07:22:55] environmentally friendly aquaculture. And also we're helping them to adapt to
[07:22:58] And also we're helping them to adapt to climate change for example by uh
[07:23:02] climate change for example by uh providing financial support when they
[07:23:04] providing financial support when they need to change the species of species
[07:23:07] need to change the species of species that they breed in aquaculture and also
[07:23:10] that they breed in aquaculture and also some equipment and infrastructure
[07:23:12] some equipment and infrastructure support needed for them to respond to
[07:23:15] support needed for them to respond to damage and losses due to the rising
[07:23:18] damage and losses due to the rising ocean temperature. And lastly, I wanted
[07:23:21] ocean temperature. And lastly, I wanted to flag that Korea uh will be co-hosting
[07:23:24] to flag that Korea uh will be co-hosting the fourth UN ocean conference in 2028
[07:23:28] the fourth UN ocean conference in 2028 along with the government of Chile. And
[07:23:31] along with the government of Chile. And we hope that this opportunity this can
[07:23:34] we hope that this opportunity this can be an opportunity to highlight uh
[07:23:36] be an opportunity to highlight uh oceanbased action in a holistic manner.
[07:23:39] oceanbased action in a holistic manner. Thank you.
[07:23:40] Thank you. >> Thank you very much. I'm sure many would
[07:23:42] >> Thank you very much. I'm sure many would be interested to participate there. Uh
[07:23:44] be interested to participate there. Uh and online we have our flag raised from
[07:23:47] and online we have our flag raised from Fiji and IOSIS
[07:23:50] Fiji and IOSIS JT coordinator.
[07:23:52] JT coordinator. >> Thank you.
[07:23:53] >> Thank you. >> Thank you facilitator for the
[07:23:55] >> Thank you facilitator for the opportunity to contribute to this topic
[07:23:58] opportunity to contribute to this topic on oceanbased action and nationally
[07:24:00] on oceanbased action and nationally determined just transition pathways that
[07:24:02] determined just transition pathways that enhance food security. For many small
[07:24:05] enhance food security. For many small island developing states, we heavily
[07:24:08] island developing states, we heavily rely on healthy natural ecosystems for
[07:24:10] rely on healthy natural ecosystems for livelihoods, cultural practices, and
[07:24:12] livelihoods, cultural practices, and water and food security. Rising sea
[07:24:15] water and food security. Rising sea levels are increasingly contaminating
[07:24:17] levels are increasingly contaminating freshwater resources, and salinizing
[07:24:20] freshwater resources, and salinizing agricultural land, while ocean
[07:24:22] agricultural land, while ocean acidification and coral bleaching are
[07:24:25] acidification and coral bleaching are degrading marine ecosystems and
[07:24:26] degrading marine ecosystems and fisheries, collectively impacting our
[07:24:29] fisheries, collectively impacting our food security.
[07:24:31] food security. Many communities have reported declines
[07:24:33] Many communities have reported declines in traditional plants that form the
[07:24:35] in traditional plants that form the foundation of local diets. Diminished
[07:24:38] foundation of local diets. Diminished access to reliable food and water not
[07:24:40] access to reliable food and water not only threaten community health, but also
[07:24:43] only threaten community health, but also risk weakening the workforce and overall
[07:24:45] risk weakening the workforce and overall economic resilience. Small island
[07:24:48] economic resilience. Small island developing states rely on the ocean not
[07:24:50] developing states rely on the ocean not just for fresh water but for food
[07:24:52] just for fresh water but for food security. Making the protection of
[07:24:54] security. Making the protection of marine ecosystems and the livelihoods it
[07:24:57] marine ecosystems and the livelihoods it supports central to achieving a just
[07:24:59] supports central to achieving a just transition. The Pacific Ocean connects
[07:25:02] transition. The Pacific Ocean connects our nations and communities. Meaning
[07:25:04] our nations and communities. Meaning that environmental and economic impacts
[07:25:07] that environmental and economic impacts in one area can ripple across the region
[07:25:09] in one area can ripple across the region and the world. For example, according to
[07:25:12] and the world. For example, according to research by the Pacific community,
[07:25:15] research by the Pacific community, projections indicate a potential 29%
[07:25:18] projections indicate a potential 29% decrease in coastal catches by 2050.
[07:25:21] decrease in coastal catches by 2050. And further, researchers have already
[07:25:23] And further, researchers have already indicated shifts and declines in tuna
[07:25:25] indicated shifts and declines in tuna populations, which are economic and food
[07:25:28] populations, which are economic and food lifelines for many Pacific communities.
[07:25:31] lifelines for many Pacific communities. Oceanbased development such as offshore
[07:25:33] Oceanbased development such as offshore wind and ecosystem management must
[07:25:36] wind and ecosystem management must safeguard access to marine resources
[07:25:38] safeguard access to marine resources avoid marginalization of small-scale
[07:25:40] avoid marginalization of small-scale fishes and ensure that the blue economy
[07:25:43] fishes and ensure that the blue economy is not left behind in the just
[07:25:45] is not left behind in the just transition framework.
[07:25:47] transition framework. I'd also like to offer some key examples
[07:25:49] I'd also like to offer some key examples from the region.
[07:25:51] from the region. Oceanbased actions being integrated into
[07:25:54] Oceanbased actions being integrated into Fiji's nationally determined pathways
[07:25:55] Fiji's nationally determined pathways include marine protection
[07:25:59] include marine protection including um the commitment to for 30
[07:26:01] including um the commitment to for 30 by30 marine protected areas targets in
[07:26:04] by30 marine protected areas targets in our exclusive economic zones, achic
[07:26:06] our exclusive economic zones, achic waters and inshore areas including
[07:26:08] waters and inshore areas including seascapes and locally managed marine
[07:26:10] seascapes and locally managed marine areas. ecosystem restoration, which
[07:26:14] areas. ecosystem restoration, which encompasses developing specific NDC
[07:26:17] encompasses developing specific NDC subtargets for the restoration of
[07:26:19] subtargets for the restoration of critical coastal ecosystems, including
[07:26:22] critical coastal ecosystems, including mangroves and coral reefs, and
[07:26:24] mangroves and coral reefs, and sustainable fisheries, establishing
[07:26:26] sustainable fisheries, establishing national targets for sustainable
[07:26:28] national targets for sustainable fisheries in collaboration with our
[07:26:30] fisheries in collaboration with our local agencies and fisheries
[07:26:32] local agencies and fisheries associations as well as conservation
[07:26:34] associations as well as conservation organizations.
[07:26:36] organizations. In addition, in the Marshall Islands,
[07:26:38] In addition, in the Marshall Islands, the access to climate resilient water
[07:26:40] the access to climate resilient water project outfits, remote at all
[07:26:44] project outfits, remote at all communities with flat pack modular water
[07:26:46] communities with flat pack modular water tanks that are transported to remote
[07:26:48] tanks that are transported to remote islands and assembled on site by trained
[07:26:50] islands and assembled on site by trained community members, unlocking co-
[07:26:52] community members, unlocking co- benefits for community gardens and
[07:26:54] benefits for community gardens and subsistance agriculture. For communities
[07:26:56] subsistance agriculture. For communities accustomed to infrastructure that
[07:26:58] accustomed to infrastructure that arrives late, breaks quickly, or cannot
[07:27:00] arrives late, breaks quickly, or cannot be repaired locally. This is an example
[07:27:03] be repaired locally. This is an example of technology that really matters for
[07:27:05] of technology that really matters for islands. This project also advances
[07:27:08] islands. This project also advances social dialogue and gender responsive
[07:27:10] social dialogue and gender responsive solutions as communities
[07:27:12] solutions as communities with this um initiative now have
[07:27:15] with this um initiative now have community water committees 50% of which
[07:27:18] community water committees 50% of which are women to manage the water
[07:27:20] are women to manage the water collectively.
[07:27:21] collectively. These are key examples in ensuring that
[07:27:24] These are key examples in ensuring that oceanbased actions are incorporated in
[07:27:26] oceanbased actions are incorporated in our national just transitions. Thank
[07:27:28] our national just transitions. Thank you.
[07:27:30] you. Thank you very much, Fiji. Uh, and I
[07:27:33] Thank you very much, Fiji. Uh, and I think we have one more flag up. EU,
[07:27:36] think we have one more flag up. EU, please.
[07:27:40] >> Thank you.
[07:27:42] >> Thank you. Um, I I will repeat what I've said
[07:27:44] Um, I I will repeat what I've said before um to to as as as I heard again
[07:27:48] before um to to as as as I heard again that the EU is singing a lot uh in in
[07:27:51] that the EU is singing a lot uh in in this room. Um so again the UNFC and the
[07:27:55] this room. Um so again the UNFC and the Paris agreement where are not designed
[07:27:57] Paris agreement where are not designed to assess individual parties nationally
[07:27:59] to assess individual parties nationally determined policies and measures and
[07:28:02] determined policies and measures and have no mandate to do so and therefore
[07:28:04] have no mandate to do so and therefore any international validation of of
[07:28:07] any international validation of of response measures undertaken by parties
[07:28:09] response measures undertaken by parties are out of the scope of these
[07:28:11] are out of the scope of these discussions. Um, and I also believe that
[07:28:14] discussions. Um, and I also believe that this is a space for exchanges of best
[07:28:16] this is a space for exchanges of best practices. And so I would be keen in
[07:28:18] practices. And so I would be keen in hearing for I'm I'm always keen to to
[07:28:21] hearing for I'm I'm always keen to to hear uh um best practices, regulatory
[07:28:24] hear uh um best practices, regulatory frameworks uh etc. from from from other
[07:28:28] frameworks uh etc. from from from other other parties actually instead of um
[07:28:31] other parties actually instead of um just looking at at other ones. Thank
[07:28:33] just looking at at other ones. Thank you.
[07:28:38] >> Thank you very much. It's well noted.
[07:28:45] All right, I think there are no more uh
[07:28:49] All right, I think there are no more uh flags up for now. Thank you very much.
[07:28:51] flags up for now. Thank you very much. Those are great contributions and
[07:28:54] Those are great contributions and positive uh sharing of what's happening
[07:28:57] positive uh sharing of what's happening as well as suggestions uh relative to
[07:29:00] as well as suggestions uh relative to the question on how we can uh make sure
[07:29:02] the question on how we can uh make sure that oceanbased actions are indeed
[07:29:04] that oceanbased actions are indeed contributing to the just transition that
[07:29:07] contributing to the just transition that brings also uh co- benefits to
[07:29:10] brings also uh co- benefits to mitigation and adaptation. Uh thank you
[07:29:13] mitigation and adaptation. Uh thank you very much to those who are online. and I
[07:29:15] very much to those who are online. and I will try my best to capture everything
[07:29:18] will try my best to capture everything that was shared in this session and uh
[07:29:21] that was shared in this session and uh looking forward to more discussions with
[07:29:24] looking forward to more discussions with you in some other venue and for now sit
[07:29:27] you in some other venue and for now sit back and relax as you wait for the next
[07:29:29] back and relax as you wait for the next facilitator to join you in the next stop
[07:29:31] facilitator to join you in the next stop for the next topic. Thank you and good
[07:29:33] for the next topic. Thank you and good afternoon.
[07:33:51] Hallelujah.
[07:35:19] I know
[07:35:31] Good morning.
[07:38:51] Try it.
[07:39:42] Hallelujah.
[07:40:22] Just congratulate
[07:40:36] There's
[07:40:38] There's something
[07:42:33] Hello colleagues and welcome to the
[07:42:36] Hello colleagues and welcome to the discussion on topic four. Sorry it's
[07:42:39] discussion on topic four. Sorry it's been a long day. On topic three, looking
[07:42:41] been a long day. On topic three, looking ahead, the potential roles of the UAE
[07:42:44] ahead, the potential roles of the UAE just transition work program and of the
[07:42:46] just transition work program and of the just transition mechanism. Just as a
[07:42:48] just transition mechanism. Just as a reminder, the question that we will be
[07:42:50] reminder, the question that we will be looking at is what roles could the UAE
[07:42:53] looking at is what roles could the UAE just transition work program including
[07:42:55] just transition work program including following its review play in advancing
[07:42:58] following its review play in advancing the design and implementation of
[07:42:59] the design and implementation of nationally determined just transition
[07:43:01] nationally determined just transition pathways for holistic approaches to food
[07:43:03] pathways for holistic approaches to food security
[07:43:04] security including with a focus on agriculture
[07:43:06] including with a focus on agriculture and oceans including in the context of
[07:43:08] and oceans including in the context of paragraph 8 of decision 2 CMA7 what
[07:43:12] paragraph 8 of decision 2 CMA7 what could be the role of the just transition
[07:43:13] could be the role of the just transition mechanism.
[07:43:15] mechanism. So considering our
[07:43:18] So considering our very real time constraints because the
[07:43:21] very real time constraints because the hard stop for today at six is a real
[07:43:23] hard stop for today at six is a real hard stop. I'll open the floor right
[07:43:26] hard stop. I'll open the floor right away. Who wants to break the ice?
[07:43:42] We have Bina online. Pina, you have the
[07:43:46] We have Bina online. Pina, you have the floor.
[07:43:50] >> Thank you very much, Madame Chair. And
[07:43:54] >> Thank you very much, Madame Chair. And so, and to regard to time constraint, I
[07:43:57] so, and to regard to time constraint, I will also um be quick. Uh the UAE just
[07:44:02] will also um be quick. Uh the UAE just transition work program can play a
[07:44:04] transition work program can play a critical role as a dedicated space for
[07:44:07] critical role as a dedicated space for strategic dialogue learning and refining
[07:44:10] strategic dialogue learning and refining national determined and just transition
[07:44:13] national determined and just transition pathways including for holistic food
[07:44:16] pathways including for holistic food security approaches across agriculture
[07:44:19] security approaches across agriculture and oceanbased systems. The group
[07:44:22] and oceanbased systems. The group stresses that following its review, the
[07:44:26] stresses that following its review, the G GW, the GTWP
[07:44:30] G GW, the GTWP should be extended beyond its initial
[07:44:33] should be extended beyond its initial three years time frame and refined based
[07:44:36] three years time frame and refined based on lesson learned
[07:44:38] on lesson learned ensuring its remaining a conscious
[07:44:42] ensuring its remaining a conscious continuous structured platform for
[07:44:44] continuous structured platform for advancing just transition thinking and
[07:44:47] advancing just transition thinking and coordination. This is particularly
[07:44:50] coordination. This is particularly important for food system where
[07:44:52] important for food system where transitions are complex, cross- sectoral
[07:44:54] transitions are complex, cross- sectoral and closely linked to adaptation,
[07:44:57] and closely linked to adaptation, livelihood and ecosystems health.
[07:45:01] livelihood and ecosystems health. The just transition work program can
[07:45:03] The just transition work program can help strengthen understanding of uh
[07:45:08] help strengthen understanding of uh nationally determined
[07:45:11] nationally determined pathways including how just transition
[07:45:14] pathways including how just transition principles apply to agriculture,
[07:45:18] principles apply to agriculture, fisheries and oceanbased economies.
[07:45:22] fisheries and oceanbased economies. Provide a platform for integrating
[07:45:25] Provide a platform for integrating adaptation, food security and social
[07:45:27] adaptation, food security and social dimension into coherence transition
[07:45:30] dimension into coherence transition approaches. facilitate exchange of
[07:45:33] approaches. facilitate exchange of lesson learned on inclusive context
[07:45:36] lesson learned on inclusive context specific approaches including from LDC's
[07:45:40] specific approaches including from LDC's where food system are highly climate
[07:45:43] where food system are highly climate sensitive and employment intensive
[07:45:47] sensitive and employment intensive support the re the refinement of
[07:45:50] support the re the refinement of modality for implementation
[07:45:53] modality for implementation ensuring that just transition approaches
[07:45:55] ensuring that just transition approaches are granted and national realities and
[07:45:59] are granted and national realities and notes one sizefits all solutions ions.
[07:46:02] notes one sizefits all solutions ions. The just transition work program is also
[07:46:04] The just transition work program is also important for ensuring that transition
[07:46:06] important for ensuring that transition discussions move toward practical
[07:46:10] discussions move toward practical country application particularly in
[07:46:13] country application particularly in sectors such as agriculture and ocean
[07:46:16] sectors such as agriculture and ocean where livelihoods are highly climate
[07:46:19] where livelihoods are highly climate vulnerable. Food security is strictly
[07:46:22] vulnerable. Food security is strictly linked to ecosystem health adaptation
[07:46:25] linked to ecosystem health adaptation and development priorities are deeply
[07:46:28] and development priorities are deeply inter
[07:46:29] inter interwined. The just transition work
[07:46:32] interwined. The just transition work mechanism
[07:46:34] mechanism would play a complimentary but distinct
[07:46:38] would play a complimentary but distinct role focused on implementation and
[07:46:40] role focused on implementation and delivery while it provides a space for
[07:46:44] delivery while it provides a space for strategic dialogue and design. The just
[07:46:47] strategic dialogue and design. The just transition mechanism will ensure
[07:46:50] transition mechanism will ensure translation of decision into concrete
[07:46:52] translation of decision into concrete actions and support on the ground. It
[07:46:56] actions and support on the ground. It would help organize operationalize just
[07:46:59] would help organize operationalize just transition pathways by mobilizing
[07:47:01] transition pathways by mobilizing finance technology transfer and capacity
[07:47:04] finance technology transfer and capacity building and a coordinated mind.
[07:47:07] building and a coordinated mind. Finally, it would also be critical in
[07:47:11] Finally, it would also be critical in addressing the implementation gap
[07:47:14] addressing the implementation gap between national plans, indices, maps
[07:47:17] between national plans, indices, maps and food system strategies and actual
[07:47:20] and food system strategies and actual delivery. We need to pay attention also
[07:47:24] delivery. We need to pay attention also on uh making sure that we bringing new
[07:47:26] on uh making sure that we bringing new players into uh the new design of the
[07:47:30] players into uh the new design of the just transition mechanism. uh thinking
[07:47:33] just transition mechanism. uh thinking of uh cooperatives organization
[07:47:36] of uh cooperatives organization uh traditional authorities organization,
[07:47:39] uh traditional authorities organization, municipalities organization
[07:47:42] municipalities organization and uh um the informal sector
[07:47:45] and uh um the informal sector organization engines of economy. Those
[07:47:48] organization engines of economy. Those are new players and of course uh local
[07:47:52] are new players and of course uh local banks, local um de uh regional
[07:47:55] banks, local um de uh regional development banks are critical to make
[07:47:58] development banks are critical to make sure that we are moving into the right
[07:48:01] sure that we are moving into the right direction that we have the right design
[07:48:04] direction that we have the right design fit for purpose contextualized and
[07:48:07] fit for purpose contextualized and making sure that we leaving no one
[07:48:09] making sure that we leaving no one behind align what with the agenda 2030
[07:48:13] behind align what with the agenda 2030 and the African um
[07:48:17] and the African um uh that Angelina also has and with the
[07:48:21] uh that Angelina also has and with the AGN emphasize in formal sector and
[07:48:24] AGN emphasize in formal sector and formal economy it's important and the
[07:48:26] formal economy it's important and the just transition mechanism should also
[07:48:29] just transition mechanism should also have a window making sure that access
[07:48:32] have a window making sure that access accessibility it is uh fit for purpose
[07:48:36] accessibility it is uh fit for purpose that we change the narrative and also we
[07:48:39] that we change the narrative and also we change the modalities making sure that
[07:48:42] change the modalities making sure that it is concrete for everyone I will stop
[07:48:45] it is concrete for everyone I will stop there madame chair thank you very much
[07:48:47] there madame chair thank you very much for the opportunity and look forward to
[07:48:49] for the opportunity and look forward to hearing the input for colleagues. Thank
[07:48:51] hearing the input for colleagues. Thank you very much.
[07:48:52] you very much. >> Thank you very much Bina. Next I have
[07:48:54] >> Thank you very much Bina. Next I have South Africa.
[07:49:00] >> Thank you very much madam facilitator.
[07:49:03] >> Thank you very much madam facilitator. Um
[07:49:05] Um and appreciate the opportunity. I think
[07:49:07] and appreciate the opportunity. I think this is a very important uh topic um and
[07:49:12] this is a very important uh topic um and and one that South Africa uh uh
[07:49:16] and one that South Africa uh uh is happy to see us bringing into this
[07:49:18] is happy to see us bringing into this conversation because there's a lot of uh
[07:49:20] conversation because there's a lot of uh work that we need to do to translate the
[07:49:23] work that we need to do to translate the successful decision at COP 30 to develop
[07:49:25] successful decision at COP 30 to develop a a mechanism into something that
[07:49:27] a a mechanism into something that ultimately is is is valuable and
[07:49:30] ultimately is is is valuable and translates to to the the outcomes that
[07:49:33] translates to to the the outcomes that that we need on the ground. Um want to
[07:49:36] that we need on the ground. Um want to briefly echo um the comments from my
[07:49:39] briefly echo um the comments from my colleague from Bakino Faso with respect
[07:49:42] colleague from Bakino Faso with respect to to the review and just a request to
[07:49:46] to to the review and just a request to to to to the secretariat and and more
[07:49:50] to to to the secretariat and and more broadly around uh clarity on the
[07:49:52] broadly around uh clarity on the process. um some concerns around whether
[07:49:55] process. um some concerns around whether there is enough time and and uh enough
[07:49:59] there is enough time and and uh enough uh planned in terms of the substance of
[07:50:01] uh planned in terms of the substance of that review so that it can inform what I
[07:50:03] that review so that it can inform what I would what we would agree with in terms
[07:50:05] would what we would agree with in terms of Bina Faso in terms of uh supporting
[07:50:08] of Bina Faso in terms of uh supporting the ongoing work of the JTWP
[07:50:11] the ongoing work of the JTWP complementing the the mechanism with
[07:50:14] complementing the the mechanism with respect to the mechanism um so I to
[07:50:18] respect to the mechanism um so I to highlight up front I think uh we think
[07:50:20] highlight up front I think uh we think what's what's emerged from the
[07:50:22] what's what's emerged from the conversation is and and uh some of the
[07:50:25] conversation is and and uh some of the submissions coming into this dialogue is
[07:50:27] submissions coming into this dialogue is that form and function must be developed
[07:50:29] that form and function must be developed in parallel. I think there we think
[07:50:31] in parallel. I think there we think there's now sufficiently clear a clear
[07:50:34] there's now sufficiently clear a clear view emerging on many of the core
[07:50:36] view emerging on many of the core functions of the JTM based on those
[07:50:38] functions of the JTM based on those submissions and and the dialogue over
[07:50:40] submissions and and the dialogue over yesterday and today which provides a
[07:50:42] yesterday and today which provides a basis for for us to begin advancing the
[07:50:45] basis for for us to begin advancing the institutional arrangements aligned to
[07:50:47] institutional arrangements aligned to those functions while continuing to
[07:50:49] those functions while continuing to further unpack their detail and consider
[07:50:52] further unpack their detail and consider additional functional areas. and and
[07:50:54] additional functional areas. and and given the timelines and the importance
[07:50:57] given the timelines and the importance to to move forward on institutional
[07:50:59] to to move forward on institutional design in a pragmatic way, ensuring that
[07:51:01] design in a pragmatic way, ensuring that those arrangements are fit for purpose,
[07:51:02] those arrangements are fit for purpose, they build on existing structures and
[07:51:05] they build on existing structures and reflect the practical constraints. Um
[07:51:08] reflect the practical constraints. Um that's critically important while
[07:51:11] that's critically important while remaining anchored in a in a
[07:51:12] remaining anchored in a in a function-led approach. Just briefly to
[07:51:15] function-led approach. Just briefly to to bring that into the topic of this
[07:51:17] to bring that into the topic of this dialogue. Um key takeaways from dialogue
[07:51:20] dialogue. Um key takeaways from dialogue 5 uh is that the food is that food
[07:51:24] 5 uh is that the food is that food system transitions cannot be delivered
[07:51:26] system transitions cannot be delivered through isolated interventions or narrow
[07:51:28] through isolated interventions or narrow sectoral approaches. They require
[07:51:30] sectoral approaches. They require integrated pathways, coordinated
[07:51:32] integrated pathways, coordinated institutions, accessible knowledge,
[07:51:34] institutions, accessible knowledge, appropriate finance, partnership based
[07:51:36] appropriate finance, partnership based implementation models among other
[07:51:38] implementation models among other things. and and therefore the the JTM
[07:51:41] things. and and therefore the the JTM needs to be designed as a practical
[07:51:43] needs to be designed as a practical enabler of of of implementation capable
[07:51:46] enabler of of of implementation capable of linking these elements in support of
[07:51:47] of linking these elements in support of nationally determined uh whole of
[07:51:49] nationally determined uh whole of economy, whole of society transition
[07:51:51] economy, whole of society transition pathways. um we'll provide more detail
[07:51:55] pathways. um we'll provide more detail in terms of some of the different
[07:51:56] in terms of some of the different functions that uh South Africa thinks is
[07:51:59] functions that uh South Africa thinks is relevant to this topic but just briefly
[07:52:01] relevant to this topic but just briefly to talk about two in terms of guidance
[07:52:04] to talk about two in terms of guidance clearly coming through the need for for
[07:52:06] clearly coming through the need for for for guidance um guidance
[07:52:10] for guidance um guidance with respect to finance for example uh
[07:52:13] with respect to finance for example uh providing normative guidance to the GCF
[07:52:16] providing normative guidance to the GCF and other structures within the UNFC
[07:52:18] and other structures within the UNFC around uh these elements of whole of
[07:52:21] around uh these elements of whole of economy whole of society just
[07:52:23] economy whole of society just transitions within food systems and and
[07:52:26] transitions within food systems and and bringing all of those elements into the
[07:52:28] bringing all of those elements into the scope of of those uh those bodies and
[07:52:32] scope of of those uh those bodies and what that's uh what that could look
[07:52:34] what that's uh what that could look like. And then outside of the UNFC,
[07:52:36] like. And then outside of the UNFC, particularly starting with the MDBs, a
[07:52:39] particularly starting with the MDBs, a very useful intervention uh from ADB
[07:52:41] very useful intervention uh from ADB this morning and and and there's more
[07:52:44] this morning and and and there's more conversation that needs to be had to
[07:52:45] conversation that needs to be had to understand their mandates and what can
[07:52:49] understand their mandates and what can work within the existing structures
[07:52:50] work within the existing structures initially. Um and and and I'm
[07:52:53] initially. Um and and and I'm encouraged, we're encouraged to see
[07:52:55] encouraged, we're encouraged to see there's potential there. And again, uh
[07:52:58] there's potential there. And again, uh the role of of the JTM in providing some
[07:53:02] the role of of the JTM in providing some form of guidance to
[07:53:04] form of guidance to uh to to MDBs, um is particularly
[07:53:07] uh to to MDBs, um is particularly important in terms of of food value
[07:53:09] important in terms of of food value chains. Finally um in terms of
[07:53:12] chains. Finally um in terms of implementation support which needs to be
[07:53:14] implementation support which needs to be one of the core functions of the
[07:53:16] one of the core functions of the mechanism uh food systems I think
[07:53:19] mechanism uh food systems I think provide one of the clearest
[07:53:20] provide one of the clearest illustrations of the implementation gap
[07:53:22] illustrations of the implementation gap um and so many priority interventions uh
[07:53:25] um and so many priority interventions uh the small holder support storage aggro
[07:53:27] the small holder support storage aggro processing food loss various uh aspects
[07:53:30] processing food loss various uh aspects that were mentioned they deliver high
[07:53:32] that were mentioned they deliver high social value but weak commercial returns
[07:53:35] social value but weak commercial returns um and often fail due to misaligned
[07:53:37] um and often fail due to misaligned incentives high performance uh high
[07:53:39] incentives high performance uh high perceive received risk, weak links to
[07:53:42] perceive received risk, weak links to markets and finance. And so the the the
[07:53:45] markets and finance. And so the the the important role of the JTM among other
[07:53:47] important role of the JTM among other things to broker partnerships across
[07:53:50] things to broker partnerships across public, private and community actors,
[07:53:52] public, private and community actors, connect countries to finance technology
[07:53:54] connect countries to finance technology and market access, support pipeline
[07:53:56] and market access, support pipeline development and project structuring uh
[07:53:59] development and project structuring uh and to help de-risk investments
[07:54:01] and to help de-risk investments particularly in underserved parts of of
[07:54:03] particularly in underserved parts of of of these value chains. Thank you.
[07:54:07] of these value chains. Thank you. >> Um thank you very much. Now I have Japan
[07:54:10] >> Um thank you very much. Now I have Japan uh requesting the floor virtually.
[07:54:11] uh requesting the floor virtually. Japan, the floor is yours.
[07:54:18] >> And apologies uh Japan. Uh before before
[07:54:20] >> And apologies uh Japan. Uh before before I let you come in, just in terms uh of
[07:54:23] I let you come in, just in terms uh of the clarification that uh South Africa
[07:54:26] the clarification that uh South Africa has asked, um just to reassure you that
[07:54:29] has asked, um just to reassure you that the SB chairs are aware uh of the need
[07:54:32] the SB chairs are aware uh of the need of of enough time at SB64 and and will
[07:54:35] of of enough time at SB64 and and will endeavor to to make sure enough time is
[07:54:37] endeavor to to make sure enough time is available. Apologies, Japan. the the
[07:54:40] available. Apologies, Japan. the the floor is now really yours. Thank you.
[07:54:46] >> Okay. Can you hear me?
[07:54:48] >> Okay. Can you hear me? >> Yes, we can hear you very well.
[07:54:53] >> U Thank you. Thank you madam ch
[07:54:57] >> U Thank you. Thank you madam ch madame chair and Japan very much
[07:55:00] madame chair and Japan very much appreciate s ch and secretariat uh to
[07:55:03] appreciate s ch and secretariat uh to set this topics with regard to the
[07:55:05] set this topics with regard to the potential role of the JTWP and JT
[07:55:08] potential role of the JTWP and JT mechanism and uh we'd like to express
[07:55:11] mechanism and uh we'd like to express our views on how anat
[07:55:15] our views on how anat mechanism should look like in relation
[07:55:18] mechanism should look like in relation to the mapping exercise on existing
[07:55:21] to the mapping exercise on existing relevant platforms as well as its ideal
[07:55:24] relevant platforms as well as its ideal and feasible time frames.
[07:55:27] and feasible time frames. And just transition is originally
[07:55:29] And just transition is originally domestic policy discussion for each
[07:55:31] domestic policy discussion for each country. And it is essential to address
[07:55:35] country. And it is essential to address the just transition of rails, the
[07:55:37] the just transition of rails, the creation of the decent work and quality
[07:55:40] creation of the decent work and quality jobs associated with the transition to
[07:55:43] jobs associated with the transition to decarbonized society. taking into
[07:55:46] decarbonized society. taking into account the specific circumstances of
[07:55:48] account the specific circumstances of each country as a aspect of
[07:55:51] each country as a aspect of international cooperation at the COP 30.
[07:55:55] international cooperation at the COP 30. uh it was a significant achievement to
[07:55:58] uh it was a significant achievement to confirm the strong connection between
[07:56:00] confirm the strong connection between efforts to limit global temperature uh
[07:56:03] efforts to limit global temperature uh to 1.5 degree including GG deductions
[07:56:07] to 1.5 degree including GG deductions and the pursuit of just transition
[07:56:10] and the pursuit of just transition pathways
[07:56:11] pathways and furthermore we understand
[07:56:14] and furthermore we understand international cooperation discussed in
[07:56:17] international cooperation discussed in the JTWP refers to the sharing of the
[07:56:20] the JTWP refers to the sharing of the best practices opportunities and
[07:56:23] best practices opportunities and solutions through dialogue. It does not
[07:56:26] solutions through dialogue. It does not refer to climate finance while recognize
[07:56:29] refer to climate finance while recognize the importance of means of
[07:56:31] the importance of means of implementation
[07:56:32] implementation and the development of just transition
[07:56:36] and the development of just transition mechanism in copy decision should also
[07:56:39] mechanism in copy decision should also be considered and affementioned
[07:56:42] be considered and affementioned understanding. Uh when uh considering
[07:56:45] understanding. Uh when uh considering this uh it is necessary to organize
[07:56:48] this uh it is necessary to organize existing usable systems clarify
[07:56:51] existing usable systems clarify what the just transition mechanism is uh
[07:56:55] what the just transition mechanism is uh in the first place and consider the
[07:56:58] in the first place and consider the necessity of just a transition mechanism
[07:57:00] necessity of just a transition mechanism itself. Uh also it is uh necessary to
[07:57:05] itself. Uh also it is uh necessary to consider it from a cost effectiveness
[07:57:09] consider it from a cost effectiveness perspective including budget implication
[07:57:12] perspective including budget implication and to clarify how effective it will be.
[07:57:16] and to clarify how effective it will be. As for time frame of JTWP uh in the
[07:57:20] As for time frame of JTWP uh in the leadup to COP 31, uh as the secretariat
[07:57:24] leadup to COP 31, uh as the secretariat explained before, it takes so much time
[07:57:28] explained before, it takes so much time to complete mapping exercise and this
[07:57:32] to complete mapping exercise and this should be carefully developed uh by the
[07:57:35] should be carefully developed uh by the end of COP 31 at earliest. In this sense
[07:57:40] end of COP 31 at earliest. In this sense we think it is ideal and feasible to
[07:57:43] we think it is ideal and feasible to consider the necessity of JT mechanism
[07:57:47] consider the necessity of JT mechanism after the completion of mapping exercise
[07:57:50] after the completion of mapping exercise on existing related platforms. Thank you
[07:57:53] on existing related platforms. Thank you very much.
[07:57:55] very much. >> Thank you very much uh Japan. Uh next I
[07:57:58] >> Thank you very much uh Japan. Uh next I have uh Yuno in the room.
[07:58:13] Okay. Hello. Thank you for giving me the
[07:58:16] Okay. Hello. Thank you for giving me the floor. I am Chi representing uh Yongo.
[07:58:19] floor. I am Chi representing uh Yongo. So, we were really happy to see many
[07:58:21] So, we were really happy to see many parties and nonparty stakeholders engage
[07:58:23] parties and nonparty stakeholders engage in the discussion around the mechanism
[07:58:25] in the discussion around the mechanism already by providing a wide range of
[07:58:27] already by providing a wide range of ideas through the March submissions. Um
[07:58:30] ideas through the March submissions. Um a detailed description of young go's
[07:58:32] a detailed description of young go's proposal for the operization of the
[07:58:33] proposal for the operization of the mechanism can be found on the portal but
[07:58:35] mechanism can be found on the portal but nevertheless we would like to outline
[07:58:37] nevertheless we would like to outline the core skeleton the mechanism should
[07:58:39] the core skeleton the mechanism should be built around this centers on three
[07:58:42] be built around this centers on three core functions on coordination knowledge
[07:58:44] core functions on coordination knowledge as well as action and support. So on how
[07:58:48] as well as action and support. So on how these can really support a just
[07:58:49] these can really support a just transition in the agri food sector is
[07:58:51] transition in the agri food sector is one on the co coordination and guidance
[07:58:53] one on the co coordination and guidance for the the GTM can facilitate
[07:58:56] for the the GTM can facilitate multistakeholder platforms for example
[07:58:58] multistakeholder platforms for example with relative institutions such as the
[07:59:00] with relative institutions such as the FAO or ELO on developing and
[07:59:03] FAO or ELO on developing and implementing national JT strategies with
[07:59:05] implementing national JT strategies with holistic food security pillars.
[07:59:08] holistic food security pillars. Knowledge sharing is also one wherein
[07:59:10] Knowledge sharing is also one wherein the JTM can curate and thereby leverage
[07:59:12] the JTM can curate and thereby leverage best practices, disseminate agri food
[07:59:15] best practices, disseminate agri food specific toolkits and organize peer
[07:59:17] specific toolkits and organize peer exchanges similar to the dialogues under
[07:59:19] exchanges similar to the dialogues under the just transition work program. Lastly
[07:59:22] the just transition work program. Lastly is on support because the JTM supports
[07:59:24] is on support because the JTM supports support function provide demanddriven
[07:59:26] support function provide demanddriven technical assistance and capacity
[07:59:28] technical assistance and capacity building while not duplicating programs
[07:59:30] building while not duplicating programs already underway. It can also facilitate
[07:59:33] already underway. It can also facilitate matchmaking and thereby ensure that the
[07:59:35] matchmaking and thereby ensure that the just transition is not an afterthought.
[07:59:37] just transition is not an afterthought. Instead, it's a design choice embedded
[07:59:39] Instead, it's a design choice embedded at the level of the project development.
[07:59:42] at the level of the project development. One of the biggest barriers to the GT in
[07:59:45] One of the biggest barriers to the GT in food systems, agriculture, and
[07:59:46] food systems, agriculture, and oceanbased action is not just the lack
[07:59:49] oceanbased action is not just the lack of finance, but the lack of coordination
[07:59:51] of finance, but the lack of coordination among financial actors. Today, states,
[07:59:54] among financial actors. Today, states, MDBs, bilateral donors, philanthropists,
[07:59:57] MDBs, bilateral donors, philanthropists, insurance providers, and private lenders
[07:59:58] insurance providers, and private lenders each operate according to their own
[08:00:00] each operate according to their own mandates. risk appetites and
[08:00:02] mandates. risk appetites and conditionality frameworks. And the
[08:00:04] conditionality frameworks. And the result is that developing countries,
[08:00:06] result is that developing countries, especially the most vulnerable
[08:00:07] especially the most vulnerable communities are left to navigate this
[08:00:10] communities are left to navigate this fragmented landscape on their own. And
[08:00:12] fragmented landscape on their own. And the JTM the JTM can change this. In our
[08:00:15] the JTM the JTM can change this. In our submission, Young Go proposed that the
[08:00:18] submission, Young Go proposed that the JTM should not only connect project
[08:00:20] JTM should not only connect project proponents with finance, but actively
[08:00:22] proponents with finance, but actively organize and clarify the distinct roles
[08:00:24] organize and clarify the distinct roles that different stakeholders play in
[08:00:26] that different stakeholders play in making the DR transition projects
[08:00:27] making the DR transition projects viable.
[08:00:29] viable. And finally, we would like to leave
[08:00:30] And finally, we would like to leave parties with three messages as we head
[08:00:32] parties with three messages as we head into the upcoming discussions and
[08:00:34] into the upcoming discussions and negotiations on the mechanism. So, one
[08:00:36] negotiations on the mechanism. So, one is to be open and creative because the
[08:00:38] is to be open and creative because the mechanism doesn't have to look like
[08:00:40] mechanism doesn't have to look like anything we've built before. And don't
[08:00:42] anything we've built before. And don't get lost in the semantics and engage
[08:00:44] get lost in the semantics and engage with the underlying ideas and functions
[08:00:46] with the underlying ideas and functions and be ambiguous yet pragmatic for we
[08:00:48] and be ambiguous yet pragmatic for we have one window at the SP64 and COP 31
[08:00:51] have one window at the SP64 and COP 31 to build something that really delivers
[08:00:53] to build something that really delivers for the people who need it most. And
[08:00:55] for the people who need it most. And lastly is on the post review at CMA8 at
[08:00:58] lastly is on the post review at CMA8 at the justation work program should retain
[08:01:00] the justation work program should retain its mandate as a high level negotiation
[08:01:02] its mandate as a high level negotiation space to set norms and provide political
[08:01:05] space to set norms and provide political guidance to entities within and outside
[08:01:07] guidance to entities within and outside of the UNF triple C. This is
[08:01:09] of the UNF triple C. This is particularly critical given that the
[08:01:11] particularly critical given that the just transition mechanism will require
[08:01:13] just transition mechanism will require time to become fully operational. Once
[08:01:15] time to become fully operational. Once the mechanism is established, the two
[08:01:17] the mechanism is established, the two should operate in a complimentary manner
[08:01:19] should operate in a complimentary manner with the just transition work program as
[08:01:21] with the just transition work program as the political and normative space and
[08:01:23] the political and normative space and the mechanism as the implementation and
[08:01:25] the mechanism as the implementation and knowledge sharing arm regarding
[08:01:27] knowledge sharing arm regarding agriculture and oceans. This could mean
[08:01:28] agriculture and oceans. This could mean a complimentary decision recognizing the
[08:01:31] a complimentary decision recognizing the findings from this dialogue while
[08:01:33] findings from this dialogue while further knowledge exchange can be
[08:01:34] further knowledge exchange can be conducted under the just transition
[08:01:36] conducted under the just transition mechanism. That's all. Thank you.
[08:01:39] mechanism. That's all. Thank you. >> Thank you very much yo. I next have uh
[08:01:42] >> Thank you very much yo. I next have uh AGN and then we will go to our
[08:01:44] AGN and then we will go to our participants online online.
[08:01:50] Thank you very much uh madame
[08:01:52] Thank you very much uh madame facilitator for giving us this platform.
[08:01:56] facilitator for giving us this platform. I share the concerns or reflections from
[08:01:59] I share the concerns or reflections from South Africa and Bokina.
[08:02:02] South Africa and Bokina. However, the African group of
[08:02:04] However, the African group of negotiators regards this question as the
[08:02:07] negotiators regards this question as the most consequential of the entire Usosu
[08:02:09] most consequential of the entire Usosu dialogue because the answer to it will
[08:02:12] dialogue because the answer to it will directly shape the terms of reference
[08:02:14] directly shape the terms of reference that SB64 develops for the JTWP review
[08:02:18] that SB64 develops for the JTWP review and the institutional architecture
[08:02:19] and the institutional architecture decisions that CMA 8 must make in
[08:02:23] decisions that CMA 8 must make in November 2026.
[08:02:25] November 2026. The AG AG's answer is therefore given
[08:02:28] The AG AG's answer is therefore given with a specificity and precision that
[08:02:30] with a specificity and precision that the strategic weight demands. Um I wish
[08:02:33] the strategic weight demands. Um I wish to say that we've made several um
[08:02:36] to say that we've made several um submissions on the portal and so what
[08:02:39] submissions on the portal and so what I'm reading is equally in there on the
[08:02:41] I'm reading is equally in there on the future role of the J2WP. The AGN's
[08:02:44] future role of the J2WP. The AGN's position is that the work program must
[08:02:46] position is that the work program must be continued at CMA8 through the site's
[08:02:49] be continued at CMA8 through the site's language, not a further deferral to
[08:02:52] language, not a further deferral to CMA9, and that it must be continued with
[08:02:55] CMA9, and that it must be continued with an enhanced mandate that addresses the
[08:02:57] an enhanced mandate that addresses the limitations that the five dialogues of
[08:02:59] limitations that the five dialogues of experience have revealed. The JTWP has
[08:03:03] experience have revealed. The JTWP has achieved something genuinely
[08:03:04] achieved something genuinely significant. It has established just
[08:03:07] significant. It has established just transition as a legitimate and
[08:03:08] transition as a legitimate and politically visible multilateral
[08:03:10] politically visible multilateral priority within the UNF system has
[08:03:14] priority within the UNF system has bought a rich dialogue record from which
[08:03:16] bought a rich dialogue record from which the SB64 and CMA 8 processes can draw
[08:03:20] the SB64 and CMA 8 processes can draw and has demonstrated that the multis
[08:03:21] and has demonstrated that the multis sectoral multi-dimensional nature of
[08:03:23] sectoral multi-dimensional nature of just transitions cannot be addressed
[08:03:26] just transitions cannot be addressed within any single existing process
[08:03:28] within any single existing process track. This achievement must be
[08:03:30] track. This achievement must be preserved through continuation.
[08:03:34] But continuation on present terms is not
[08:03:36] But continuation on present terms is not sufficient. The J2WP's current mandate
[08:03:39] sufficient. The J2WP's current mandate as established under decision 3 CMA 5
[08:03:42] as established under decision 3 CMA 5 has produced rich dialogue but limited
[08:03:44] has produced rich dialogue but limited institutional traction. It outputs the
[08:03:48] institutional traction. It outputs the synthesis notes. The key messages the
[08:03:49] synthesis notes. The key messages the facilitators report have informed
[08:03:52] facilitators report have informed political discussions but have not
[08:03:54] political discussions but have not generated binding commitment.
[08:03:56] generated binding commitment. delivery timelines or accountability
[08:03:58] delivery timelines or accountability mechanism for the means of
[08:03:59] mechanism for the means of implementation that Africa just
[08:04:01] implementation that Africa just transition pathways require. The
[08:04:04] transition pathways require. The enhanced mandate the AGN calls for as
[08:04:06] enhanced mandate the AGN calls for as CM8 must include three specific
[08:04:08] CM8 must include three specific additions. First and explicit obligation
[08:04:11] additions. First and explicit obligation for the work program to track and report
[08:04:13] for the work program to track and report on means of implementation delivery
[08:04:15] on means of implementation delivery against article 9.1 commitment from 2028
[08:04:18] against article 9.1 commitment from 2028 onward provide an evidence base for
[08:04:21] onward provide an evidence base for holding developed country parties
[08:04:23] holding developed country parties accountable to the finance technology
[08:04:24] accountable to the finance technology and capacity building obligations
[08:04:26] and capacity building obligations they've accepted. Second, a formal
[08:04:29] they've accepted. Second, a formal institutional link between the JTWP's
[08:04:31] institutional link between the JTWP's dialogue output and JTM's operational
[08:04:34] dialogue output and JTM's operational decisions so that the work program
[08:04:36] decisions so that the work program identifies as needed in the dialogue
[08:04:38] identifies as needed in the dialogue rooms becomes what the mechanism is
[08:04:40] rooms becomes what the mechanism is directed to to fund. Third, a dedicated
[08:04:44] directed to to fund. Third, a dedicated track within the work program for
[08:04:46] track within the work program for examining the just transition
[08:04:47] examining the just transition consequences of UTM unilateral trade
[08:04:50] consequences of UTM unilateral trade measures on developing country food
[08:04:52] measures on developing country food security and agriculture livestocks. A
[08:04:55] security and agriculture livestocks. A track that response measures forum
[08:04:56] track that response measures forum informs us but not replace on the
[08:04:59] informs us but not replace on the context of decision 2 CMA 7 paragraph 8.
[08:05:03] context of decision 2 CMA 7 paragraph 8. The AGS reading is precise and requires
[08:05:05] The AGS reading is precise and requires stating clearly. Paragraph 8 situate the
[08:05:08] stating clearly. Paragraph 8 situate the JTWP in the context of a global mutario
[08:05:10] JTWP in the context of a global mutario partnership and mobilization
[08:05:12] partnership and mobilization architecture. The AG's concern with this
[08:05:15] architecture. The AG's concern with this situating is that the glo global mutario
[08:05:18] situating is that the glo global mutario as a political mobilizes instrument
[08:05:20] as a political mobilizes instrument rather than a constituted mechanism
[08:05:22] rather than a constituted mechanism operates outside the formally
[08:05:23] operates outside the formally accountability architecture of the CMA.
[08:05:26] accountability architecture of the CMA. If the JTWP's future role is framed
[08:05:29] If the JTWP's future role is framed primarily in terms of its contribution
[08:05:31] primarily in terms of its contribution to the Mitaru rather than its
[08:05:33] to the Mitaru rather than its independent mandate under decision 3C5,
[08:05:36] independent mandate under decision 3C5, it risks being absorbed into voluntary
[08:05:38] it risks being absorbed into voluntary partnership framework that imposes no
[08:05:41] partnership framework that imposes no obligation on developed country parties
[08:05:43] obligation on developed country parties and provide no enforceable delivery
[08:05:44] and provide no enforceable delivery commitment to African nations. The AGN
[08:05:48] commitment to African nations. The AGN would resist this absorption. The JTWP
[08:05:51] would resist this absorption. The JTWP derives its authority from the CMA not
[08:05:53] derives its authority from the CMA not from the mitaru and its continuation and
[08:05:56] from the mitaru and its continuation and enhance mandate must be grounded in the
[08:05:58] enhance mandate must be grounded in the CMA authority on the role of the just
[08:06:00] CMA authority on the role of the just transition mechanism. The AJ's position
[08:06:03] transition mechanism. The AJ's position is equally precise. The JTS JTM must be
[08:06:06] is equally precise. The JTS JTM must be operationalized at CMA 8 as a two-tier
[08:06:09] operationalized at CMA 8 as a two-tier constituted body under the CMA. It
[08:06:11] constituted body under the CMA. It architecture must include GGCF as a
[08:06:14] architecture must include GGCF as a primary delivery vehicle for just
[08:06:15] primary delivery vehicle for just transition finance ensuring that the
[08:06:18] transition finance ensuring that the mechanism operates within the
[08:06:19] mechanism operates within the established multilateral climate
[08:06:21] established multilateral climate finances rather than creating a parallel
[08:06:23] finances rather than creating a parallel institutional structure. It must include
[08:06:26] institutional structure. It must include a financing coordinating body reporting
[08:06:28] a financing coordinating body reporting to CMA.
[08:06:32] The fourth security thematic fo focus of
[08:06:35] The fourth security thematic fo focus of this UAC dialogue illustrate with
[08:06:38] this UAC dialogue illustrate with exceptional clarity why the JTM must be
[08:06:40] exceptional clarity why the JTM must be operationalized now rather than
[08:06:42] operationalized now rather than deferred. Africa small holder farmers
[08:06:45] deferred. Africa small holder farmers experiencing the consequences of
[08:06:47] experiencing the consequences of transition in real time in EUDR
[08:06:49] transition in real time in EUDR compliance burdens that threaten market
[08:06:51] compliance burdens that threaten market access without means of implementation
[08:06:53] access without means of implementation to meet them. in rainfall variability
[08:06:56] to meet them. in rainfall variability that is already reducing yields in ocean
[08:06:58] that is already reducing yields in ocean warming that is disrupting fish stocks
[08:07:00] warming that is disrupting fish stocks and coastal livelihoods in the absence
[08:07:02] and coastal livelihoods in the absence of the post-h harvest infrastructure
[08:07:03] of the post-h harvest infrastructure that would allow them to add value to
[08:07:06] that would allow them to add value to the harvest and reduce food loss. These
[08:07:08] the harvest and reduce food loss. These are not future transitions. They are
[08:07:10] are not future transitions. They are present realities for millions of
[08:07:11] present realities for millions of African system workers. A mechanism
[08:07:14] African system workers. A mechanism designed to support just transition that
[08:07:15] designed to support just transition that does not operationalize until CMA 10 or
[08:07:18] does not operationalize until CMA 10 or later is a mechanism that arrives after
[08:07:20] later is a mechanism that arrives after the communities it was meant to serve
[08:07:22] the communities it was meant to serve has already borne the cost. The terms of
[08:07:25] has already borne the cost. The terms of reference for the JTWP review that SB64
[08:07:28] reference for the JTWP review that SB64 will develop must reflect this agency.
[08:07:31] will develop must reflect this agency. The AGS requirement for terms of
[08:07:32] The AGS requirement for terms of reference are clear. They must include
[08:07:35] reference are clear. They must include an explicit assessment criterion. the
[08:07:37] an explicit assessment criterion. the adequacy of MOI delivery in support of
[08:07:40] adequacy of MOI delivery in support of developing country just transition
[08:07:41] developing country just transition pathways during the work program's
[08:07:43] pathways during the work program's operational period. They must require
[08:07:45] operational period. They must require the review to assess whether J2WP's
[08:07:48] the review to assess whether J2WP's dialogue outputs have been translated
[08:07:50] dialogue outputs have been translated into concrete finance delivery
[08:07:52] into concrete finance delivery technology transfer and capacity
[08:07:54] technology transfer and capacity building at country level. They must
[08:07:57] building at country level. They must include an assessment of whether the
[08:07:58] include an assessment of whether the barriers to nationally determined just
[08:08:00] barriers to nationally determined just transition pathways including unilateral
[08:08:03] transition pathways including unilateral trade measures inadequate GCF
[08:08:05] trade measures inadequate GCF capitalization technology transfer
[08:08:07] capitalization technology transfer deficit and capacity building gaps have
[08:08:09] deficit and capacity building gaps have been adequately addressed during the
[08:08:11] been adequately addressed during the work programs first phase and they must
[08:08:13] work programs first phase and they must position the review's conclusions to
[08:08:15] position the review's conclusions to support not undermine the CMA decision
[08:08:18] support not undermine the CMA decision on continuation and the
[08:08:19] on continuation and the operationalization of the GTM and
[08:08:21] operationalization of the GTM and therefore we call on all parties sharing
[08:08:23] therefore we call on all parties sharing interest in substantive multilateral
[08:08:25] interest in substantive multilateral accountability for just transitions.
[08:08:27] accountability for just transitions. Thank you, Madame Chair. Um,
[08:08:30] Thank you, Madame Chair. Um, >> thank you. Thank you, AGN. Uh,
[08:08:32] >> thank you. Thank you, AGN. Uh, colleagues, we have 10 more speakers on
[08:08:34] colleagues, we have 10 more speakers on our speakers list, which I am 11 and I'm
[08:08:38] our speakers list, which I am 11 and I'm closing the speakers list now. But
[08:08:40] closing the speakers list now. But please keep in mind that uh we have a
[08:08:42] please keep in mind that uh we have a hard stop in 10 minutes. So, please be
[08:08:45] hard stop in 10 minutes. So, please be brief. Please avoid uh and restrain
[08:08:48] brief. Please avoid uh and restrain yourself from repeating what we already
[08:08:50] yourself from repeating what we already have in submissions and try to focus uh
[08:08:53] have in submissions and try to focus uh your interventions particularly
[08:08:54] your interventions particularly regarding the the context of the topic
[08:08:56] regarding the the context of the topic of the dialogue. Thank you. And next we
[08:08:59] of the dialogue. Thank you. And next we are going to an virtual participant. We
[08:09:02] are going to an virtual participant. We have LGMA. LGMA you have the floor.
[08:09:06] have LGMA. LGMA you have the floor. >> Thank you very much. I will be brief. Uh
[08:09:08] >> Thank you very much. I will be brief. Uh first of all we welcome the
[08:09:09] first of all we welcome the establishment of the just transition
[08:09:11] establishment of the just transition mechanism. a remarkable achievement and
[08:09:13] mechanism. a remarkable achievement and as we highlighted today, subnational
[08:09:15] as we highlighted today, subnational governments play a critical role as just
[08:09:18] governments play a critical role as just transition implementers in enhancing
[08:09:20] transition implementers in enhancing food security. Um, in order to make that
[08:09:23] food security. Um, in order to make that reality, we very much welcome for
[08:09:25] reality, we very much welcome for subnationals and other constituencies to
[08:09:28] subnationals and other constituencies to be actively involved and have an equal
[08:09:30] be actively involved and have an equal seat in the mechanis governance body.
[08:09:33] seat in the mechanis governance body. This will be critical to ensuring that
[08:09:35] This will be critical to ensuring that the solutions that are deliberated and
[08:09:38] the solutions that are deliberated and therefore and then implemented are
[08:09:40] therefore and then implemented are really responsive to the local
[08:09:42] really responsive to the local realities. Um the second item I wanted
[08:09:45] realities. Um the second item I wanted to highlight and LGMA here very much
[08:09:47] to highlight and LGMA here very much aligns with the parties that that focus
[08:09:50] aligns with the parties that that focus and and consider the J G Jtm to be a
[08:09:53] and and consider the J G Jtm to be a outcome oriented mechanism. Um we really
[08:09:57] outcome oriented mechanism. Um we really think that the technical assistance
[08:09:59] think that the technical assistance component should be available to all
[08:10:01] component should be available to all levels of government and critically it
[08:10:03] levels of government and critically it should also be available to workers,
[08:10:06] should also be available to workers, organizations, informal associations,
[08:10:08] organizations, informal associations, civil society andmemes who are critical
[08:10:11] civil society andmemes who are critical to developing solutions that concern
[08:10:13] to developing solutions that concern them. Thank you very much.
[08:10:19] >> Thank you very much LGMA. Now moving to
[08:10:22] >> Thank you very much LGMA. Now moving to Indonesia.
[08:10:31] Uh thank you madame chair for your
[08:10:34] Uh thank you madame chair for your >> uh give us the taking opportunities.
[08:10:37] >> uh give us the taking opportunities. >> Uh bas our suggestion the UAE just
[08:10:42] >> Uh bas our suggestion the UAE just transition board program serve as the
[08:10:43] transition board program serve as the global knowledge and policy hub
[08:10:46] global knowledge and policy hub facilitating consensious on how to sift
[08:10:49] facilitating consensious on how to sift toward low emission food system without
[08:10:52] toward low emission food system without strengthening production.
[08:10:54] strengthening production. In the content in the context of the par
[08:10:57] In the content in the context of the par A of the decision 2 CMA7, the program
[08:11:01] A of the decision 2 CMA7, the program plays a fital role in the creating
[08:11:03] plays a fital role in the creating global stock take outcome into
[08:11:05] global stock take outcome into actionable sectoral pathways for the
[08:11:08] actionable sectoral pathways for the agriculture and oceans. By focusing on
[08:11:11] agriculture and oceans. By focusing on the normative as aspect the just
[08:11:14] the normative as aspect the just transition work ensure that food
[08:11:16] transition work ensure that food sovereignity human right and local
[08:11:19] sovereignity human right and local wisdom remain at the her of nationally
[08:11:21] wisdom remain at the her of nationally determined transition design providing a
[08:11:24] determined transition design providing a platform for countries to exchange best
[08:11:27] platform for countries to exchange best practices and align their domestic
[08:11:30] practices and align their domestic strategies with global climate
[08:11:32] strategies with global climate ambitions.
[08:11:34] ambitions. In the contest, the CH transition
[08:11:36] In the contest, the CH transition mechanism acts the as the operational
[08:11:39] mechanism acts the as the operational engine translating political vision into
[08:11:42] engine translating political vision into ground level implementation through
[08:11:44] ground level implementation through technical support and the mobilization
[08:11:47] technical support and the mobilization of the scale up finance
[08:11:51] of the scale up finance for Indonesia. The GTM could provide the
[08:11:55] for Indonesia. The GTM could provide the incisional encoring needed to be
[08:11:57] incisional encoring needed to be strengthened domestic fund in managing
[08:11:59] strengthened domestic fund in managing complex landscape and blue carbon
[08:12:02] complex landscape and blue carbon projects. By focusing on the mean of
[08:12:06] projects. By focusing on the mean of implementation including techn
[08:12:08] implementation including techn technology transfer and capacity
[08:12:11] technology transfer and capacity building the mechanism ensure the
[08:12:13] building the mechanism ensure the climate investment deliver inclusive
[08:12:16] climate investment deliver inclusive outcomes such as decent work and
[08:12:19] outcomes such as decent work and equitable benefit sharing mechanism for
[08:12:22] equitable benefit sharing mechanism for the farmers and fishers and the front
[08:12:25] the farmers and fishers and the front line of the transition. Thank you.
[08:12:29] line of the transition. Thank you. >> Thank you very much. Uh we have now six
[08:12:32] >> Thank you very much. Uh we have now six more minutes and colleagues uh from the
[08:12:36] more minutes and colleagues uh from the other rooms waiting for us. So I will
[08:12:38] other rooms waiting for us. So I will prioritize those who have not spoken in
[08:12:40] prioritize those who have not spoken in the other rooms because many parties
[08:12:42] the other rooms because many parties have already uh spoken uh to and
[08:12:46] have already uh spoken uh to and nonparties. So uh United Kingdom you
[08:12:50] nonparties. So uh United Kingdom you have the floor.
[08:12:52] have the floor. Your
[08:12:56] >> um Norway you have the floor if you wish
[08:12:59] >> um Norway you have the floor if you wish to take it.
[08:13:07] Thank you very much. So to start I just
[08:13:10] Thank you very much. So to start I just want to highlight and the point made by
[08:13:13] want to highlight and the point made by South Africa and Ghana on the importance
[08:13:15] South Africa and Ghana on the importance of the review and agreeing on the terms
[08:13:17] of the review and agreeing on the terms of reference for the review in June. So
[08:13:20] of reference for the review in June. So otherwise we will not be able to deliver
[08:13:22] otherwise we will not be able to deliver on this. So it I'm glad that you
[08:13:24] on this. So it I'm glad that you confirmed that this is a priority for
[08:13:26] confirmed that this is a priority for the June session.
[08:13:28] the June session. on the other on the I'll go straight to
[08:13:31] on the other on the I'll go straight to the new mechanism and I just want to say
[08:13:34] the new mechanism and I just want to say that in in in from Norway's side the
[08:13:36] that in in in from Norway's side the mapping exercise that the secretariat is
[08:13:39] mapping exercise that the secretariat is undertaking will be very important
[08:13:41] undertaking will be very important because we do not wish any overlapping
[08:13:44] because we do not wish any overlapping mandates with other bodies under the
[08:13:47] mandates with other bodies under the Paris agreement we need a well
[08:13:49] Paris agreement we need a well functioning Paris agreement so the new
[08:13:52] functioning Paris agreement so the new mechanism must fit within the existing
[08:13:54] mechanism must fit within the existing architecture
[08:13:59] We should avoid that to have any
[08:14:01] We should avoid that to have any doubling of efforts or fragmentation
[08:14:05] doubling of efforts or fragmentation and we do not want contrary guidance. So
[08:14:08] and we do not want contrary guidance. So these should be our kind of guiding
[08:14:10] these should be our kind of guiding points. I believe that starting with
[08:14:14] points. I believe that starting with functions is the best way forward. So if
[08:14:17] functions is the best way forward. So if we can agree on the functions form will
[08:14:19] we can agree on the functions form will follow on functions. I don't necessarily
[08:14:23] follow on functions. I don't necessarily uh think that doing it in parallel will
[08:14:25] uh think that doing it in parallel will be the best way. So if we just agree
[08:14:28] be the best way. So if we just agree what we want this body to do or this
[08:14:30] what we want this body to do or this mechanism to do, it's easier to design
[08:14:33] mechanism to do, it's easier to design the mechanism in order to fulfill what
[08:14:35] the mechanism in order to fulfill what we want it to do. Thank you.
[08:14:38] we want it to do. Thank you. >> Thank you very much. Norway IPO.
[08:14:47] >> Thank you madam facilitator. will be
[08:14:49] >> Thank you madam facilitator. will be extremely brief. Uh for indigenous
[08:14:52] extremely brief. Uh for indigenous peoples uh the JTWP
[08:14:55] peoples uh the JTWP uh has been a fruitful space uh to show
[08:14:58] uh has been a fruitful space uh to show for it is the outcomes of the COP 30. So
[08:15:00] for it is the outcomes of the COP 30. So the JTWP should set a clear standard
[08:15:03] the JTWP should set a clear standard that uh pathways uh including in food
[08:15:06] that uh pathways uh including in food systems, agriculture and oceans must
[08:15:08] systems, agriculture and oceans must operationalize paragraph 12I ensuring
[08:15:12] operationalize paragraph 12I ensuring indigenous people's rights are respected
[08:15:13] indigenous people's rights are respected in promote promoted the role of the just
[08:15:16] in promote promoted the role of the just transition mechanism from our view uh is
[08:15:19] transition mechanism from our view uh is to translate the commitments made in
[08:15:21] to translate the commitments made in paragraph 12I into practice including in
[08:15:24] paragraph 12I into practice including in the context of food security and
[08:15:25] the context of food security and sustainable agriculture and of course uh
[08:15:29] sustainable agriculture and of course uh I'm sure there will be discussions on uh
[08:15:31] I'm sure there will be discussions on uh what the mechanism can do, its
[08:15:32] what the mechanism can do, its functions. Uh but this will be a very
[08:15:35] functions. Uh but this will be a very good uh space also to support uh and
[08:15:39] good uh space also to support uh and identify uh those and prevent risks for
[08:15:42] identify uh those and prevent risks for indigenous people's rights uh as it
[08:15:45] indigenous people's rights uh as it relates to uh the topics that we are
[08:15:47] relates to uh the topics that we are discussing today. That's why we're
[08:15:49] discussing today. That's why we're calling also for specific thematic
[08:15:51] calling also for specific thematic dialogues including on how to implement
[08:15:54] dialogues including on how to implement 12I in the different uh sectoral spaces.
[08:15:58] 12I in the different uh sectoral spaces. Thank you.
[08:15:59] Thank you. Thank you very much. Next I have China.
[08:16:02] Thank you very much. Next I have China. China, you have the floor.
[08:16:07] >> I think Saudi is first.
[08:16:09] >> I think Saudi is first. >> Yes, but Saudi Arabia has spoken in the
[08:16:11] >> Yes, but Saudi Arabia has spoken in the two other rooms I have facilitated and
[08:16:13] two other rooms I have facilitated and China you have not spoken on this topic
[08:16:15] China you have not spoken on this topic yet.
[08:16:16] yet. >> Okay. Thank you.
[08:16:18] >> Okay. Thank you. Thank you uh m uh madame chair. uh I
[08:16:22] Thank you uh m uh madame chair. uh I think uh for the relationship between
[08:16:25] think uh for the relationship between the JTWP and JTM
[08:16:29] the JTWP and JTM uh I think from uh 3M 5 it's it is said
[08:16:33] uh I think from uh 3M 5 it's it is said very much clearly that JTWP
[08:16:37] very much clearly that JTWP is uh the nature of JTWP is a joint
[08:16:42] is uh the nature of JTWP is a joint contact group. So we can easily
[08:16:44] contact group. So we can easily understand what is a contact group uh
[08:16:48] understand what is a contact group uh compared with uh adaptation. Adaptation
[08:16:52] compared with uh adaptation. Adaptation is a contact group or
[08:16:56] is a contact group or it's have several uh issues related with
[08:17:00] it's have several uh issues related with um uh adaptation. So that is a contact
[08:17:04] um uh adaptation. So that is a contact group and for adaptation committee that
[08:17:07] group and for adaptation committee that could be viewed some kind of uh
[08:17:10] could be viewed some kind of uh mechanism. So from my understanding that
[08:17:14] mechanism. So from my understanding that that JTWP is a mother body uh for GTM.
[08:17:18] that JTWP is a mother body uh for GTM. So that is a contact group and for JTM
[08:17:22] So that is a contact group and for JTM that could be some kind of mechan
[08:17:25] that could be some kind of mechan working mechanism under the topic.
[08:17:28] working mechanism under the topic. So that is a relationship from from my
[08:17:31] So that is a relationship from from my uh delegation point of view. So they are
[08:17:34] uh delegation point of view. So they are not replacement
[08:17:37] not replacement uh they should be uh uh JTM should be
[08:17:40] uh they should be uh uh JTM should be complement uh complementaryary to uh the
[08:17:44] complement uh complementaryary to uh the work of JTWP.
[08:17:46] work of JTWP. So that is uh uh our understanding for
[08:17:49] So that is uh uh our understanding for for this. Um, regarding the the the
[08:17:54] for this. Um, regarding the the the structure or establishment of the of the
[08:17:58] structure or establishment of the of the JTM, uh, we view that is uh, uh,
[08:18:02] JTM, uh, we view that is uh, uh, implementing body of JTWP or something
[08:18:06] implementing body of JTWP or something like uh, uh, adapt adaptation committee
[08:18:10] like uh, uh, adapt adaptation committee to adaptation and also a PCCB
[08:18:15] to adaptation and also a PCCB to uh, capacity building. So that that
[08:18:20] to uh, capacity building. So that that might be uh the future relationship
[08:18:23] might be uh the future relationship between uh those two and also you can
[08:18:26] between uh those two and also you can see the function of the of the GTM. So
[08:18:30] see the function of the of the GTM. So the JTM from from meditation point of
[08:18:33] the JTM from from meditation point of view it is should be uh uh
[08:18:36] view it is should be uh uh actionoriented
[08:18:38] actionoriented and and also uh the structure of the
[08:18:44] and and also uh the structure of the establishment of the JTM need to be
[08:18:47] establishment of the JTM need to be shoot more or adapt to future the
[08:18:51] shoot more or adapt to future the implementations of JT actions. So it
[08:18:55] implementations of JT actions. So it need to be um uh from our understanding
[08:18:59] need to be um uh from our understanding there should be some political
[08:19:02] there should be some political uh tier and also technical tier uh to be
[08:19:07] uh tier and also technical tier uh to be included in JTM. Therefore to make it uh
[08:19:11] included in JTM. Therefore to make it uh functionable to facilitate or to
[08:19:14] functionable to facilitate or to implementation or to implementate uh the
[08:19:18] implementation or to implementate uh the JT actions in the future. I just stop
[08:19:21] JT actions in the future. I just stop here. Thank you.
[08:19:22] here. Thank you. >> Thank you very much. China. I have the
[08:19:24] >> Thank you very much. China. I have the Russian Federation next.
[08:19:28] >> Thank you, Madam Chair. Uh the Russian
[08:19:31] >> Thank you, Madam Chair. Uh the Russian Federation welcomes the format of the
[08:19:32] Federation welcomes the format of the GTP dialogues as a space for discussion
[08:19:34] GTP dialogues as a space for discussion and exchange of national experience and
[08:19:36] and exchange of national experience and best practices.
[08:19:38] best practices. We also welcome a very important
[08:19:39] We also welcome a very important decision to establish a just transition
[08:19:41] decision to establish a just transition mechanism achieved in BM last year. We
[08:19:44] mechanism achieved in BM last year. We see the decision as a significant
[08:19:45] see the decision as a significant milestone towards practical
[08:19:47] milestone towards practical implementation of just transition
[08:19:48] implementation of just transition pathways.
[08:19:49] pathways. uh we believe that J's transition
[08:19:51] uh we believe that J's transition mechanism should provide assistance to
[08:19:52] mechanism should provide assistance to countries in implementing just
[08:19:54] countries in implementing just transition pathways for instance by
[08:19:56] transition pathways for instance by guiding them to the right support
[08:19:57] guiding them to the right support platform within the UNFC system
[08:19:59] platform within the UNFC system organizing capacity building and node
[08:20:01] organizing capacity building and node sharing activities and promoting
[08:20:03] sharing activities and promoting international cooperation. At the same
[08:20:05] international cooperation. At the same time we strongly believe that just
[08:20:06] time we strongly believe that just transition mechanism should not promote
[08:20:08] transition mechanism should not promote a unified approach to just transitions
[08:20:10] a unified approach to just transitions and issue any universal guidelines or
[08:20:12] and issue any universal guidelines or recommendations for parties. The JTM
[08:20:15] recommendations for parties. The JTM should fully respect nationally
[08:20:16] should fully respect nationally determined just transition pathways
[08:20:18] determined just transition pathways including sovereign decisions relating
[08:20:20] including sovereign decisions relating to energy systems, economic
[08:20:22] to energy systems, economic diversification strategies and the pace
[08:20:24] diversification strategies and the pace of its implementation. The just
[08:20:25] of its implementation. The just transition mechanism must not create new
[08:20:27] transition mechanism must not create new obligations, benchmark benchmarks or
[08:20:29] obligations, benchmark benchmarks or conditionalities for parties. The
[08:20:31] conditionalities for parties. The process should be partydriven and one
[08:20:33] process should be partydriven and one sizefits all approach should be avoided.
[08:20:36] sizefits all approach should be avoided. With regard to the JTVP, we would like
[08:20:38] With regard to the JTVP, we would like to share uh our views after having more
[08:20:40] to share uh our views after having more understanding of the design of a just
[08:20:42] understanding of the design of a just transition mechanism. Thank you.
[08:20:44] transition mechanism. Thank you. Thank you, Russian Federation. And I
[08:20:46] Thank you, Russian Federation. And I will now offer again the floor to the
[08:20:48] will now offer again the floor to the United Kingdom.
[08:20:56] >> Thank you very much for giving me the
[08:20:58] >> Thank you very much for giving me the floor. Um, a few a few points that we
[08:21:00] floor. Um, a few a few points that we would like to make and I'll try and keep
[08:21:02] would like to make and I'll try and keep this brief. So um first of all the the
[08:21:05] this brief. So um first of all the the just transition mechanism must be
[08:21:07] just transition mechanism must be grounded in the core aspects of just
[08:21:09] grounded in the core aspects of just transitions as we highlighted in our COP
[08:21:11] transitions as we highlighted in our COP 30 decision last year and and from 3CMA
[08:21:13] 30 decision last year and and from 3CMA 5 previously. So this is around
[08:21:16] 5 previously. So this is around ambitious action aligned with 1.5
[08:21:18] ambitious action aligned with 1.5 degrees based on the best available
[08:21:20] degrees based on the best available science centered on a just energy
[08:21:22] science centered on a just energy transition and supporting workers and
[08:21:24] transition and supporting workers and communities with labor rights, social
[08:21:26] communities with labor rights, social dialogue and other inclusive action and
[08:21:29] dialogue and other inclusive action and processes. It's critical that we we take
[08:21:31] processes. It's critical that we we take action broadly collectively and and
[08:21:33] action broadly collectively and and individually to accelerate action and
[08:21:36] individually to accelerate action and implementation and a just transition
[08:21:38] implementation and a just transition mechanism has the potential to play an
[08:21:40] mechanism has the potential to play an important role here. We've heard today
[08:21:42] important role here. We've heard today about the relevance of of paragraphs 33
[08:21:45] about the relevance of of paragraphs 33 to 36 55 and 56 of decision 1 CMA 5 in
[08:21:49] to 36 55 and 56 of decision 1 CMA 5 in the context of the topic here. So food
[08:21:51] the context of the topic here. So food security, agriculture and and ocean and
[08:21:54] security, agriculture and and ocean and and we have that framework of
[08:21:56] and we have that framework of understanding and clear mandates
[08:21:57] understanding and clear mandates regarding the overarching principles and
[08:21:59] regarding the overarching principles and goals we must be aiming towards. And so
[08:22:03] goals we must be aiming towards. And so with those foundational principles in
[08:22:05] with those foundational principles in mind, we must then focus first on the
[08:22:08] mind, we must then focus first on the core functions that a JTM should
[08:22:11] core functions that a JTM should deliver. Um and and we agree with with
[08:22:14] deliver. Um and and we agree with with my colleague from Norway here that there
[08:22:16] my colleague from Norway here that there needs to be sufficient space for this as
[08:22:18] needs to be sufficient space for this as as the starting point to really identify
[08:22:20] as the starting point to really identify the specificity and detail of functions
[08:22:23] the specificity and detail of functions that so far have only been referred to
[08:22:25] that so far have only been referred to at very high levels and and we don't see
[08:22:28] at very high levels and and we don't see that it would be possible to understand
[08:22:29] that it would be possible to understand what form is needed until those
[08:22:31] what form is needed until those functions are well understood.
[08:22:33] functions are well understood. Um, and the JTM must must also fit
[08:22:36] Um, and the JTM must must also fit within the broader ecosystem of
[08:22:38] within the broader ecosystem of initiatives and organizations within and
[08:22:40] initiatives and organizations within and outside the UN system while still
[08:22:43] outside the UN system while still enabling tangible action. And there must
[08:22:46] enabling tangible action. And there must be pragmatism here in in what is
[08:22:48] be pragmatism here in in what is achievable and deliverable to ensure
[08:22:50] achievable and deliverable to ensure that functions can be operationalized
[08:22:52] that functions can be operationalized quickly and deliver on expectations. And
[08:22:55] quickly and deliver on expectations. And I think that's something I heard from
[08:22:56] I think that's something I heard from from lots of different people across the
[08:22:58] from lots of different people across the room just here today is is this sense of
[08:23:00] room just here today is is this sense of needing to get things up to speed
[08:23:02] needing to get things up to speed quickly and and there needs to be
[08:23:04] quickly and and there needs to be pragmatism there. And I guess I' I'd
[08:23:06] pragmatism there. And I guess I' I'd pause on on this point because we've
[08:23:08] pause on on this point because we've heard a long list of of ideas that the
[08:23:11] heard a long list of of ideas that the mechanism could do, whether that's in
[08:23:13] mechanism could do, whether that's in relation to MOI, transparency reporting,
[08:23:16] relation to MOI, transparency reporting, response measures, and it sounds a bit
[08:23:18] response measures, and it sounds a bit like people want to replace the entire
[08:23:20] like people want to replace the entire Paris agreement with the JTM. And we're
[08:23:23] Paris agreement with the JTM. And we're losing sight of the core elements of
[08:23:25] losing sight of the core elements of what just transition means as it becomes
[08:23:28] what just transition means as it becomes a bucket that every issue is thrown
[08:23:29] a bucket that every issue is thrown into. So, uh, let's not renegotiate the
[08:23:32] into. So, uh, let's not renegotiate the entire Paris agreement. So we want to
[08:23:34] entire Paris agreement. So we want to listen and and understand perspectives
[08:23:36] listen and and understand perspectives and priorities of all parties to build
[08:23:38] and priorities of all parties to build something that is an outcome on on
[08:23:40] something that is an outcome on on pragmatism that delivers tangible
[08:23:42] pragmatism that delivers tangible priorities and specific functions. Thank
[08:23:45] priorities and specific functions. Thank you.
[08:23:46] you. >> Thank you. United Kingdom and with
[08:23:49] >> Thank you. United Kingdom and with apologies to Saudi Arabia AO is the
[08:23:52] apologies to Saudi Arabia AO is the women and gender constituency the EU. Uh
[08:23:55] women and gender constituency the EU. Uh we have to close uh now because we have
[08:23:58] we have to close uh now because we have a very hard stop at six that we really
[08:24:00] a very hard stop at six that we really cannot go over. But apologies
[08:24:02] cannot go over. But apologies colleagues, I have heard colleagues from
[08:24:04] colleagues, I have heard colleagues from your uh constituencies and from from
[08:24:08] your uh constituencies and from from your parties in other rooms. Uh so the
[08:24:10] your parties in other rooms. Uh so the the points that you would have made are
[08:24:13] the points that you would have made are are hopefully reflected and I would also
[08:24:15] are hopefully reflected and I would also like to reiterate again that you can
[08:24:17] like to reiterate again that you can send uh anything that you wish to uh
[08:24:20] send uh anything that you wish to uh send in writing to JTWP at unfc.int.
[08:24:25] send in writing to JTWP at unfc.int. With that I thank you very much for the
[08:24:28] With that I thank you very much for the points uh that you have made and for the
[08:24:30] points uh that you have made and for the engagement and we will reconvene here in
[08:24:32] engagement and we will reconvene here in plenary very very shortly. Thank you
[08:24:35] plenary very very shortly. Thank you very much once again.
[08:25:23] So you
[08:25:44] And then after that
[08:25:47] And then after that comes back on
[08:25:51] she's going to be
[08:27:52] I have no idea.
[08:29:09] Okay, colleagues, let's move straight to
[08:29:12] Okay, colleagues, let's move straight to the um report back part of the plenary.
[08:29:16] the um report back part of the plenary. Thank you all for for your very active
[08:29:18] Thank you all for for your very active engagement this afternoon. Really useful
[08:29:20] engagement this afternoon. Really useful conversations. I know it's late in the
[08:29:21] conversations. I know it's late in the day um but glad to see you're all still
[08:29:24] day um but glad to see you're all still here um and engaging so actively
[08:29:27] here um and engaging so actively together. So we're going to ask the
[08:29:29] together. So we're going to ask the facilitator of each group to share their
[08:29:31] facilitator of each group to share their reflections within about five minutes
[08:29:34] reflections within about five minutes and we're going to start first with the
[08:29:37] and we're going to start first with the um the group on agriculture
[08:29:40] um the group on agriculture etc. And I'm going to invite
[08:29:43] etc. And I'm going to invite Crib to um from UNDP uh to share his
[08:29:47] Crib to um from UNDP uh to share his reflections. Over to you Crib. Thanks.
[08:29:49] reflections. Over to you Crib. Thanks. >> Thank you Sher. The discussion we had
[08:29:52] >> Thank you Sher. The discussion we had had reflects remarkable diversity of
[08:29:54] had reflects remarkable diversity of perspective and depth of the experience.
[08:29:57] perspective and depth of the experience. I'm grateful to every participants that
[08:29:58] I'm grateful to every participants that contributed. In the interest of time,
[08:30:00] contributed. In the interest of time, what I offer now are highlights. I trust
[08:30:03] what I offer now are highlights. I trust these reflect the spirit of our
[08:30:04] these reflect the spirit of our discussion. Even aware that full detail
[08:30:06] discussion. Even aware that full detail must remain with the record. The
[08:30:08] must remain with the record. The discussion underscores a growing
[08:30:10] discussion underscores a growing convergence that agriculture, food
[08:30:12] convergence that agriculture, food system, and land use are important to
[08:30:14] system, and land use are important to implementing the Paris agreement,
[08:30:16] implementing the Paris agreement, particularly in delivering balance
[08:30:18] particularly in delivering balance outcomes across adaptation, mitigation,
[08:30:21] outcomes across adaptation, mitigation, and sustainable development. First
[08:30:24] and sustainable development. First participants highlighted the importance
[08:30:26] participants highlighted the importance of maximizing synergies between
[08:30:28] of maximizing synergies between adaptation and mitigation consistent
[08:30:30] adaptation and mitigation consistent with the Paris agreement. Approaches
[08:30:33] with the Paris agreement. Approaches such as agroecology, agroforestry and
[08:30:36] such as agroecology, agroforestry and circular system including the concept of
[08:30:38] circular system including the concept of a circular carbon economy as an example
[08:30:41] a circular carbon economy as an example were identified as practical entry
[08:30:43] were identified as practical entry points to deliver multiple benefits
[08:30:46] points to deliver multiple benefits across resilience, productivity and
[08:30:48] across resilience, productivity and emissions. Second, several interventions
[08:30:51] emissions. Second, several interventions stress that while mitigation co-
[08:30:53] stress that while mitigation co- benefits are important, they should not
[08:30:55] benefits are important, they should not become conditionalities for support or
[08:30:58] become conditionalities for support or finance, particularly in the context of
[08:31:00] finance, particularly in the context of food security and adaptation priorities.
[08:31:04] food security and adaptation priorities. Third, there was a recognition of the
[08:31:06] Third, there was a recognition of the role of acro ecological and integrated
[08:31:09] role of acro ecological and integrated systems, including evidence highlighted
[08:31:12] systems, including evidence highlighted on the floor that such approaches can
[08:31:15] on the floor that such approaches can deliver comparable yields, reduce input
[08:31:18] deliver comparable yields, reduce input cost, particularly through reduced
[08:31:20] cost, particularly through reduced reliance on synthetic fertilizers and
[08:31:24] reliance on synthetic fertilizers and enhanced resilience, including under
[08:31:26] enhanced resilience, including under drought conditions. At the same time,
[08:31:28] drought conditions. At the same time, many of these practices are already
[08:31:30] many of these practices are already widely implemented in small holder and
[08:31:33] widely implemented in small holder and traditional and indigenous systems,
[08:31:36] traditional and indigenous systems, underscoring the importance of building
[08:31:38] underscoring the importance of building an existing knowledge and practices.
[08:31:41] an existing knowledge and practices. Fourth, participants emphasized that
[08:31:43] Fourth, participants emphasized that food system must be approached as
[08:31:45] food system must be approached as integrated value chains, not only
[08:31:48] integrated value chains, not only production system. This includes
[08:31:50] production system. This includes addressing food loss and the waste
[08:31:52] addressing food loss and the waste particularly where driven by gaps in
[08:31:55] particularly where driven by gaps in posth harvest infrastructure storage and
[08:31:57] posth harvest infrastructure storage and transport as well as recognizing the
[08:32:00] transport as well as recognizing the increasing importance of urban and per
[08:32:03] increasing importance of urban and per urban dimensions where the majority of
[08:32:05] urban dimensions where the majority of food consumption is projected to occur.
[08:32:09] food consumption is projected to occur. Fifth, significant attention was drawn
[08:32:11] Fifth, significant attention was drawn to means of implementation. There were
[08:32:14] to means of implementation. There were calls for scale up accessible support
[08:32:16] calls for scale up accessible support through existing mechanisms to address
[08:32:18] through existing mechanisms to address infrastructure gaps and enable
[08:32:21] infrastructure gaps and enable transitions. In this context, it was
[08:32:23] transitions. In this context, it was also emphasized that farmers are primary
[08:32:26] also emphasized that farmers are primary investors and agents of change within
[08:32:28] investors and agents of change within the within food system and should be
[08:32:31] the within food system and should be supported accordingly. Six, the
[08:32:34] supported accordingly. Six, the discussion highlighted the need to bring
[08:32:36] discussion highlighted the need to bring diverse knowledge system and innovation
[08:32:38] diverse knowledge system and innovation pathways combining digital and precise
[08:32:41] pathways combining digital and precise precision tools and policies such as
[08:32:43] precision tools and policies such as those supporting efficient input use and
[08:32:46] those supporting efficient input use and disease management while indig
[08:32:48] disease management while indig indigenous knowledge and placebased
[08:32:52] indigenous knowledge and placebased approaches that underpin resilience and
[08:32:55] approaches that underpin resilience and ecosystem health. Finally, several
[08:32:58] ecosystem health. Finally, several interventions underscore the importance
[08:33:00] interventions underscore the importance of rightbased and inclusive approaches,
[08:33:02] of rightbased and inclusive approaches, including the role of indigenous
[08:33:04] including the role of indigenous people's governance systems and the need
[08:33:06] people's governance systems and the need to ensure that transitions do not
[08:33:08] to ensure that transitions do not exerate exasperate vulnerabilities and
[08:33:11] exerate exasperate vulnerabilities and inequalities.
[08:33:13] inequalities. Thank you.
[08:33:17] >> Thank you so much, K. Really appreciate
[08:33:19] >> Thank you so much, K. Really appreciate it. Now, we move to the second topic of
[08:33:22] it. Now, we move to the second topic of oceanbased action. Um and we're going to
[08:33:24] oceanbased action. Um and we're going to have later see from UN Habitat to report
[08:33:27] have later see from UN Habitat to report back.
[08:33:27] back. >> Thank you madame chair and thank you
[08:33:29] >> Thank you madame chair and thank you everyone for providing your inputs
[08:33:31] everyone for providing your inputs during the workshop. So let me share
[08:33:34] during the workshop. So let me share with you what I have captured in terms
[08:33:35] with you what I have captured in terms of the overview and let me dwell into
[08:33:37] of the overview and let me dwell into some key points that was also shared in
[08:33:39] some key points that was also shared in terms of practices and emerging uh
[08:33:43] terms of practices and emerging uh lessons on the ground. Uh in terms of
[08:33:46] lessons on the ground. Uh in terms of overview, there was a consensus that
[08:33:48] overview, there was a consensus that oceanbased actions can deliver combined
[08:33:50] oceanbased actions can deliver combined mitigation, adaptation and food security
[08:33:52] mitigation, adaptation and food security co- benefits which definitely can
[08:33:54] co- benefits which definitely can support livelihoods in coastal and
[08:33:55] support livelihoods in coastal and island communities. Protection and
[08:33:58] island communities. Protection and restoration of blue carbon ecosystems
[08:34:00] restoration of blue carbon ecosystems including mangrove, seaggrass and
[08:34:02] including mangrove, seaggrass and coastal wetlands, store large long-term
[08:34:05] coastal wetlands, store large long-term carbon stocks and therefore can and
[08:34:07] carbon stocks and therefore can and while also sustaining fishery
[08:34:09] while also sustaining fishery productivity. Effective DR just just
[08:34:12] productivity. Effective DR just just transition however require and must
[08:34:15] transition however require and must require if I may say participation
[08:34:18] require if I may say participation targeted finance capacity building and
[08:34:20] targeted finance capacity building and social safeguards along with alignment
[08:34:22] social safeguards along with alignment with existing international legal
[08:34:24] with existing international legal frameworks and respect to national
[08:34:26] frameworks and respect to national sovereignty. Multiple country examples
[08:34:29] sovereignty. Multiple country examples during the workshop uh was shared
[08:34:31] during the workshop uh was shared highlighting practical integration of
[08:34:33] highlighting practical integration of ocean options into national plans and
[08:34:35] ocean options into national plans and NDC uh and some approaches that needs to
[08:34:39] NDC uh and some approaches that needs to be further strengthened in terms of
[08:34:42] be further strengthened in terms of strengthening the NDC's and ensuring
[08:34:44] strengthening the NDC's and ensuring that it's nonprescriptive.
[08:34:46] that it's nonprescriptive. There are details and information shared
[08:34:48] There are details and information shared on blue carbon ecosystems and the
[08:34:50] on blue carbon ecosystems and the importance of coastal e uh restoration
[08:34:53] importance of coastal e uh restoration that blue carbon system sequester and
[08:34:55] that blue carbon system sequester and store significant carbon while
[08:34:57] store significant carbon while underpinning local food uh security and
[08:35:00] underpinning local food uh security and livelihoods. Uh coastal habitats acts as
[08:35:04] livelihoods. Uh coastal habitats acts as fish and uh crustaceian uh nurseries and
[08:35:07] fish and uh crustaceian uh nurseries and which are important for food security
[08:35:09] which are important for food security and just transition for food production
[08:35:12] and just transition for food production and livelihoods. Restoration of degraded
[08:35:15] and livelihoods. Restoration of degraded coastal ecosystems can be utilized not
[08:35:17] coastal ecosystems can be utilized not only for food but also for employment.
[08:35:19] only for food but also for employment. We have to look at this both at the
[08:35:21] We have to look at this both at the development and uh just transition
[08:35:24] development and uh just transition perspective. Future orientation uh the
[08:35:28] perspective. Future orientation uh the inputs talked about scaling restoration
[08:35:31] inputs talked about scaling restoration and ensuring benefits are shared
[08:35:32] and ensuring benefits are shared equitably via transparent governance and
[08:35:35] equitably via transparent governance and locally led management. Marine protected
[08:35:38] locally led management. Marine protected areas are crucial and that these are uh
[08:35:43] areas are crucial and that these are uh bounded by international commitments but
[08:35:45] bounded by international commitments but it must respect national sovereignty and
[08:35:47] it must respect national sovereignty and existing UN frameworks. Locally managed
[08:35:50] existing UN frameworks. Locally managed marine areas and bottom-up spatial
[08:35:52] marine areas and bottom-up spatial planning demonstrated strong outcomes
[08:35:54] planning demonstrated strong outcomes when paired with community governance
[08:35:56] when paired with community governance and financial sustainability. As a
[08:35:59] and financial sustainability. As a forward view, there are still there's
[08:36:00] forward view, there are still there's still a need to institutionalize
[08:36:02] still a need to institutionalize participatory decision making so that
[08:36:04] participatory decision making so that MPAs or marine protected areas can
[08:36:06] MPAs or marine protected areas can deliver the conservation and social co-
[08:36:08] deliver the conservation and social co- benefits uh without causing displacement
[08:36:11] benefits uh without causing displacement and inequitable access just transition
[08:36:15] and inequitable access just transition socials and uh and and participation
[08:36:18] socials and uh and and participation must be rights based inclusive and
[08:36:20] must be rights based inclusive and people centered. It should be protecting
[08:36:22] people centered. It should be protecting small-scale fishers, indigenous peoples,
[08:36:25] small-scale fishers, indigenous peoples, women, and vulnerable workers as shared
[08:36:27] women, and vulnerable workers as shared by the participants. Key elements of
[08:36:30] by the participants. Key elements of these include meaningful participation,
[08:36:32] these include meaningful participation, conducting social dialogue, targeted and
[08:36:34] conducting social dialogue, targeted and accessible finance, capacity building,
[08:36:37] accessible finance, capacity building, alternative livelihoods and strong
[08:36:38] alternative livelihoods and strong social safeguards to prevent
[08:36:40] social safeguards to prevent displacement. The next steps instit is
[08:36:43] displacement. The next steps instit is to institutionalize these processes and
[08:36:46] to institutionalize these processes and as as well as introduce finance and
[08:36:48] as as well as introduce finance and provide uh technology transfer to
[08:36:50] provide uh technology transfer to national priorities so transitions are
[08:36:52] national priorities so transitions are lowcarbon and socially equitable. There
[08:36:55] lowcarbon and socially equitable. There are regional examples and national
[08:36:57] are regional examples and national examples provided like uh offshore wind
[08:37:00] examples provided like uh offshore wind that also delivers ecosystem protection
[08:37:03] that also delivers ecosystem protection policies linking ocean health to food
[08:37:04] policies linking ocean health to food security and resilience. uh the actions
[08:37:08] security and resilience. uh the actions in the small island states by that that
[08:37:11] in the small island states by that that leads to management of marine areas,
[08:37:13] leads to management of marine areas, water resilience projects and many more.
[08:37:15] water resilience projects and many more. The integration of livelihood programs
[08:37:17] The integration of livelihood programs and uh in in in in workforce development
[08:37:22] and uh in in in in workforce development linking oceanbased actions to the uh
[08:37:27] linking oceanbased actions to the uh value chain. Uh there are also
[08:37:30] value chain. Uh there are also crosscutting examples of implementing
[08:37:33] crosscutting examples of implementing non-prescriptive nationally determined
[08:37:35] non-prescriptive nationally determined frameworks that also builds capacities
[08:37:38] frameworks that also builds capacities and opens up technology as a forward
[08:37:41] and opens up technology as a forward outlook. Ocean based actions can deliver
[08:37:43] outlook. Ocean based actions can deliver strong mitigation, adaptation, food
[08:37:45] strong mitigation, adaptation, food security synergies if implemented
[08:37:47] security synergies if implemented nationally led part uh highlighting
[08:37:50] nationally led part uh highlighting participatory and rice baits approaches
[08:37:53] participatory and rice baits approaches and if finance is made available through
[08:37:57] and if finance is made available through existing legal frameworks. That said,
[08:37:59] existing legal frameworks. That said, thank you very much Madame Chair.
[08:38:03] thank you very much Madame Chair. >> Thank you so much leader. Really
[08:38:04] >> Thank you so much leader. Really appreciated. Now I'm going to give the
[08:38:06] appreciated. Now I'm going to give the floor to Anna um for to reflect on the
[08:38:09] floor to Anna um for to reflect on the discussions on looking ahead the
[08:38:11] discussions on looking ahead the potential roles of the UAE just
[08:38:13] potential roles of the UAE just transition work program and just
[08:38:15] transition work program and just transition mechanism. Over to you Anna.
[08:38:17] transition mechanism. Over to you Anna. >> Thank you very much Madame Chair and I
[08:38:19] >> Thank you very much Madame Chair and I will start by saying that it would be uh
[08:38:21] will start by saying that it would be uh absolutely impossible to truly do
[08:38:23] absolutely impossible to truly do justice to the richness of the inputs
[08:38:25] justice to the richness of the inputs and the depth of the discussions that we
[08:38:28] and the depth of the discussions that we have had uh on topic three. uh I will
[08:38:31] have had uh on topic three. uh I will try to um extract some of the highlights
[08:38:35] try to um extract some of the highlights but the discussions were much broader
[08:38:37] but the discussions were much broader and much deeper than this. Um at the
[08:38:39] and much deeper than this. Um at the onset I think it's fair to say that most
[08:38:41] onset I think it's fair to say that most of the interventions that were shared on
[08:38:43] of the interventions that were shared on the role um of the JTWP and the JTM in
[08:38:47] the role um of the JTWP and the JTM in the context of the topic of the dialogue
[08:38:49] the context of the topic of the dialogue could also be extrapolated in a more
[08:38:52] could also be extrapolated in a more general and holistic sense that it's not
[08:38:54] general and holistic sense that it's not only necessarily related to this topic
[08:38:56] only necessarily related to this topic but some of which have a particular uh
[08:38:59] but some of which have a particular uh relevance in the context of just
[08:39:01] relevance in the context of just transition pathways for food security
[08:39:03] transition pathways for food security including in the context of agriculture
[08:39:05] including in the context of agriculture and oceanbased action. In terms of uh
[08:39:08] and oceanbased action. In terms of uh the UAE just transition work program,
[08:39:10] the UAE just transition work program, many interventions have highlighted the
[08:39:14] many interventions have highlighted the really key role that it has had in
[08:39:16] really key role that it has had in advancing the understanding of uh just
[08:39:18] advancing the understanding of uh just transitions and and a joint
[08:39:20] transitions and and a joint understanding uh of of just transitions.
[08:39:23] understanding uh of of just transitions. Many interventions have highlighted um
[08:39:25] Many interventions have highlighted um paragraph 12 of decision 2 CMA um 7 and
[08:39:29] paragraph 12 of decision 2 CMA um 7 and uh some have also um in their
[08:39:32] uh some have also um in their interventions tried to maybe elevate it
[08:39:35] interventions tried to maybe elevate it uh at uh principles more more than key
[08:39:37] uh at uh principles more more than key messages and see it very important uh in
[08:39:40] messages and see it very important uh in guiding uh future work. Another thing
[08:39:43] guiding uh future work. Another thing that is important to to say in the
[08:39:45] that is important to to say in the context uh um of the just transition
[08:39:47] context uh um of the just transition work program but also in general on work
[08:39:50] work program but also in general on work on just transitions um is that um there
[08:39:53] on just transitions um is that um there is um an insistence uh by by a number of
[08:39:57] is um an insistence uh by by a number of parties on the importance of uh keeping
[08:40:00] parties on the importance of uh keeping the conversation very much nationally
[08:40:02] the conversation very much nationally determined and that the processes around
[08:40:05] determined and that the processes around just transition need to to remain very
[08:40:07] just transition need to to remain very much party driven. Looking at uh the
[08:40:10] much party driven. Looking at uh the just transition work program, there was
[08:40:12] just transition work program, there was also um some parties shared uh views on
[08:40:16] also um some parties shared uh views on the importance of maintaining the the
[08:40:18] the importance of maintaining the the current scope uh of the work program in
[08:40:21] current scope uh of the work program in uh terms of what was already identified
[08:40:23] uh terms of what was already identified in decision 3 CMA 5 and not linking it
[08:40:27] in decision 3 CMA 5 and not linking it uh with the development of the JT um
[08:40:30] uh with the development of the JT um just transition mechanism. Um looking at
[08:40:34] just transition mechanism. Um looking at the future um the just transition work
[08:40:36] the future um the just transition work program was seen by many participants as
[08:40:39] program was seen by many participants as a space that can provide a structured
[08:40:42] a space that can provide a structured space for dialogues and exchanges and
[08:40:45] space for dialogues and exchanges and continue uh to have that role of also
[08:40:48] continue uh to have that role of also feeding in uh key messages to to future
[08:40:51] feeding in uh key messages to to future uh decisions in terms of the different
[08:40:52] uh decisions in terms of the different topics of the dialogues. Um it was also
[08:40:56] topics of the dialogues. Um it was also seen as a space that uh can strengthen
[08:40:59] seen as a space that uh can strengthen uh policy coherence and linkages across
[08:41:01] uh policy coherence and linkages across UNF C processes uh including in the
[08:41:05] UNF C processes uh including in the context of this topic. Some participants
[08:41:07] context of this topic. Some participants have also um shared that they have seen
[08:41:10] have also um shared that they have seen it uh as a space that uh could become
[08:41:13] it uh as a space that uh could become more outcome and actionoriented in the
[08:41:16] more outcome and actionoriented in the future. In terms of the just transition
[08:41:19] future. In terms of the just transition mechanism, um many participants have
[08:41:22] mechanism, um many participants have shared that they see it as um a tool
[08:41:25] shared that they see it as um a tool that could translate uh either the the
[08:41:28] that could translate uh either the the key messages that are um emerging from
[08:41:31] key messages that are um emerging from the role under the just transition work
[08:41:34] the role under the just transition work program uh for example article uh sorry
[08:41:37] program uh for example article uh sorry paragraph 12 or those that they see as
[08:41:40] paragraph 12 or those that they see as um emerging principles uh under the work
[08:41:42] um emerging principles uh under the work of just transition into practical action
[08:41:44] of just transition into practical action on the ground. So really focusing on
[08:41:46] on the ground. So really focusing on that role of operationalizing
[08:41:49] that role of operationalizing um that um joint understanding of what
[08:41:52] um that um joint understanding of what just transition means in theory in more
[08:41:55] just transition means in theory in more practical terms. Um many participants
[08:41:58] practical terms. Um many participants see it as uh having a potential role in
[08:42:00] see it as uh having a potential role in providing implementation support at the
[08:42:03] providing implementation support at the national but also subnational or
[08:42:05] national but also subnational or community level. Some see it uh as uh
[08:42:08] community level. Some see it uh as uh possibly having a role in mobilizing or
[08:42:10] possibly having a role in mobilizing or channeling uh climate finance or giving
[08:42:13] channeling uh climate finance or giving guidance in that regard um to to the
[08:42:16] guidance in that regard um to to the finance mechanism or also to a broader
[08:42:18] finance mechanism or also to a broader set of actors such as uh multilateral
[08:42:21] set of actors such as uh multilateral and regional development banks. Um some
[08:42:25] and regional development banks. Um some also see it as a potentially matchmaking
[08:42:29] also see it as a potentially matchmaking platform between projects uh funding
[08:42:32] platform between projects uh funding sources. uh others see it as um a space
[08:42:36] sources. uh others see it as um a space that could also help define and address
[08:42:39] that could also help define and address structural barriers and those that are
[08:42:41] structural barriers and those that are seen as disenablers for just transition.
[08:42:44] seen as disenablers for just transition. Um some participants share that they see
[08:42:46] Um some participants share that they see it uh as a space that could provide
[08:42:48] it uh as a space that could provide practical guidance and non-prescriptive
[08:42:51] practical guidance and non-prescriptive support that is tailored to to national
[08:42:53] support that is tailored to to national context but based uh on um also the work
[08:42:57] context but based uh on um also the work that has been ongoing under the just
[08:42:58] that has been ongoing under the just transition work program. other uh have
[08:43:02] transition work program. other uh have also shared that they see it uh again as
[08:43:05] also shared that they see it uh again as um a mechanism that would have a strong
[08:43:07] um a mechanism that would have a strong coordination and coherence role in the
[08:43:10] coordination and coherence role in the future. It's also important to highlight
[08:43:14] future. It's also important to highlight that um a number of participants have
[08:43:16] that um a number of participants have also highlighted the need to be very
[08:43:19] also highlighted the need to be very realistic uh in looking at the future of
[08:43:21] realistic uh in looking at the future of the just transition mechanism and also
[08:43:23] the just transition mechanism and also to keep in line um to keep in mind the
[08:43:26] to keep in line um to keep in mind the the fact that there are uh real uh
[08:43:28] the fact that there are uh real uh budgetary constraints and that there is
[08:43:31] budgetary constraints and that there is also a need not to duplicate what might
[08:43:34] also a need not to duplicate what might already be going on on the ground
[08:43:37] already be going on on the ground through a new um mechanism.
[08:43:40] through a new um mechanism. Um I think that uh and I will end here.
[08:43:43] Um I think that uh and I will end here. Uh another important aspect that was uh
[08:43:46] Uh another important aspect that was uh highlighted by many are linkages uh
[08:43:48] highlighted by many are linkages uh between the just transition work program
[08:43:50] between the just transition work program and the just transition mechanism in
[08:43:52] and the just transition mechanism in terms again of the importance of
[08:43:53] terms again of the importance of coherence, complimentarity, avoiding
[08:43:56] coherence, complimentarity, avoiding duplications. But a number of
[08:43:57] duplications. But a number of participants have also highlighted the
[08:44:00] participants have also highlighted the importance of uh avoiding uh decisions
[08:44:03] importance of uh avoiding uh decisions on the future of either the just
[08:44:05] on the future of either the just transition work program in the context
[08:44:07] transition work program in the context of the review or the operationalization
[08:44:10] of the review or the operationalization of the just transition mechanism before
[08:44:13] of the just transition mechanism before um there is a more granular
[08:44:15] um there is a more granular understanding of the landscape on the
[08:44:17] understanding of the landscape on the work that's already going on on just
[08:44:19] work that's already going on on just transition including in the context of
[08:44:22] transition including in the context of the mapping and I will stop here
[08:44:24] the mapping and I will stop here apologize for the participants that
[08:44:26] apologize for the participants that wanted to take the floor but couldn't
[08:44:28] wanted to take the floor but couldn't because of time constraints and also for
[08:44:31] because of time constraints and also for those whose points I will certainly have
[08:44:33] those whose points I will certainly have missed and I will close here. Thank you.
[08:44:38] missed and I will close here. Thank you. >> Thank you so much Anna um very
[08:44:40] >> Thank you so much Anna um very comprehensive feedback and and thank you
[08:44:42] comprehensive feedback and and thank you to all of you for facilitating those
[08:44:44] to all of you for facilitating those discussions and for reporting back to
[08:44:46] discussions and for reporting back to us. Um I'm going to give the floor now
[08:44:49] us. Um I'm going to give the floor now to colleagues for any additional
[08:44:51] to colleagues for any additional reflections or anything that you'd like
[08:44:53] reflections or anything that you'd like to add to those report backs. And just a
[08:44:56] to add to those report backs. And just a reminder that you can of course send
[08:44:57] reminder that you can of course send your comments in to the email address.
[08:45:19] Hi. I see Ched. You have the floor.
[08:45:35] Okay. Uh
[08:45:37] Okay. Uh thank you for Oh, mine is uh most
[08:45:42] thank you for Oh, mine is uh most recommendation because for me it's my
[08:45:45] recommendation because for me it's my first time to me to be at on the meeting
[08:45:48] first time to me to be at on the meeting for just transition but it's most
[08:45:51] for just transition but it's most important for us. is uh I'm from uh
[08:45:55] important for us. is uh I'm from uh environment ministry and uh also uh I'm
[08:45:59] environment ministry and uh also uh I'm expert on monitoring revolution for
[08:46:03] expert on monitoring revolution for capacity building initiative for
[08:46:04] capacity building initiative for transparency but uh this question for
[08:46:08] transparency but uh this question for just transition is most important and we
[08:46:10] just transition is most important and we need to learn more we need to to
[08:46:13] need to learn more we need to to participate also I think it's most know
[08:46:16] participate also I think it's most know it's not easy to meet maybe every time
[08:46:19] it's not easy to meet maybe every time on physical meeting but we need to be on
[08:46:23] on physical meeting but we need to be on the virtual platform. We need to to
[08:46:27] the virtual platform. We need to to participate and we need to learn more.
[08:46:29] participate and we need to learn more. Uh for that uh we are hearing to see how
[08:46:34] Uh for that uh we are hearing to see how we can
[08:46:36] we can be added as a platform and uh to see
[08:46:39] be added as a platform and uh to see also specifically how you you can help
[08:46:43] also specifically how you you can help our countries to to this uh yeah just
[08:46:49] our countries to to this uh yeah just this mine.
[08:46:53] Thank you so much Chad and welcome.
[08:46:55] Thank you so much Chad and welcome. We're very glad that you've been able to
[08:46:57] We're very glad that you've been able to join us for this dialogue. We'll get in
[08:46:59] join us for this dialogue. We'll get in touch with you offline if that's to
[08:47:02] touch with you offline if that's to answer your questions. Thank you. Now we
[08:47:05] answer your questions. Thank you. Now we have um Saudi Arabia online and then
[08:47:07] have um Saudi Arabia online and then after that South Sudan.
[08:47:10] after that South Sudan. Uh Saudi Arabia online, you have the
[08:47:12] Uh Saudi Arabia online, you have the floor.
[08:47:14] floor. >> Hello everyone in the room. Thank you
[08:47:16] >> Hello everyone in the room. Thank you for giving us the floor. Uh this is
[08:47:17] for giving us the floor. Uh this is Saudi Arabia speaking on behalf of the
[08:47:19] Saudi Arabia speaking on behalf of the LMDC. We would first like to express our
[08:47:22] LMDC. We would first like to express our appreciation to the secretariat, the
[08:47:24] appreciation to the secretariat, the facilitators and all delegates for their
[08:47:26] facilitators and all delegates for their engagement in and the support of the
[08:47:28] engagement in and the support of the exchange of views and discussions
[08:47:30] exchange of views and discussions amongst parties and other stakeholders.
[08:47:32] amongst parties and other stakeholders. Um we'd like to also reaffirm that the
[08:47:35] Um we'd like to also reaffirm that the discussions held under this dialogue are
[08:47:37] discussions held under this dialogue are intended solely as an exchange of views,
[08:47:40] intended solely as an exchange of views, best practices and national priorities.
[08:47:42] best practices and national priorities. They do not imply consensus and all
[08:47:45] They do not imply consensus and all perspectives must be accurately and
[08:47:47] perspectives must be accurately and comprehensively reflected in the report
[08:47:49] comprehensively reflected in the report of the dialogue with a clear indication
[08:47:52] of the dialogue with a clear indication that these views do not constitute any
[08:47:54] that these views do not constitute any agreed outcomes nor positions.
[08:47:57] agreed outcomes nor positions. Furthermore, with regards to the
[08:47:59] Furthermore, with regards to the deliberations on the just transition
[08:48:01] deliberations on the just transition mechanism, we firmly reiterate that
[08:48:04] mechanism, we firmly reiterate that these discussions do not in any way,
[08:48:06] these discussions do not in any way, shape, or form represent a bias towards
[08:48:09] shape, or form represent a bias towards the positions of parties, nor are they
[08:48:12] the positions of parties, nor are they intended to inform or prejudge the
[08:48:13] intended to inform or prejudge the outcomes of future discussions on the
[08:48:15] outcomes of future discussions on the development of the GTM during sessions
[08:48:18] development of the GTM during sessions of the SBS or COP.
[08:48:21] of the SBS or COP. This in principle must also be clearly
[08:48:23] This in principle must also be clearly understood and reflected in the report.
[08:48:26] understood and reflected in the report. Um, furthermore, there appears to be a
[08:48:29] Um, furthermore, there appears to be a persistent misunderstanding that the
[08:48:32] persistent misunderstanding that the outcomes of these dialogue deliberations
[08:48:34] outcomes of these dialogue deliberations are intended to feed into the GST too.
[08:48:37] are intended to feed into the GST too. Um, the JTWP as a whole is supposed to
[08:48:40] Um, the JTWP as a whole is supposed to provide input as relevant to the GST as
[08:48:44] provide input as relevant to the GST as are all other relevant decisions under
[08:48:47] are all other relevant decisions under other work programs. It's not the
[08:48:49] other work programs. It's not the dialogues themselves that constitute an
[08:48:51] dialogues themselves that constitute an input or the content thereof. Um, so
[08:48:54] input or the content thereof. Um, so just let us clarify that there is no
[08:48:56] just let us clarify that there is no mandate for that in particular and we
[08:48:58] mandate for that in particular and we reject the attempt fully. Even so, any
[08:49:02] reject the attempt fully. Even so, any information to be reported shall fully
[08:49:04] information to be reported shall fully be partydriven and with full consensus
[08:49:06] be partydriven and with full consensus and agreement on specific elements. Um,
[08:49:09] and agreement on specific elements. Um, it's important to highlight that the
[08:49:11] it's important to highlight that the processes are distinct and no mandate
[08:49:13] processes are distinct and no mandate exists which imposes or requires that
[08:49:15] exists which imposes or requires that the outputs and deliberations of these
[08:49:18] the outputs and deliberations of these dialogues must be incorporated into
[08:49:20] dialogues must be incorporated into GST2.
[08:49:21] GST2. Um, if this is not a misunderstanding,
[08:49:24] Um, if this is not a misunderstanding, then it's a deliberate attempt to
[08:49:26] then it's a deliberate attempt to distort a great outcomes and impose an
[08:49:28] distort a great outcomes and impose an agenda that was not negotiated or
[08:49:31] agenda that was not negotiated or agreed, pushing for the inclusion of
[08:49:33] agreed, pushing for the inclusion of parties views that in no manner
[08:49:35] parties views that in no manner constitute consensus. Um what is even
[08:49:39] constitute consensus. Um what is even more concerning is the pattern that this
[08:49:41] more concerning is the pattern that this reflects where there is a clear
[08:49:42] reflects where there is a clear obligation including under article 9.1
[08:49:45] obligation including under article 9.1 of the Paris agreement. It is chosen
[08:49:47] of the Paris agreement. It is chosen consistently to be ignored. Um that is
[08:49:50] consistently to be ignored. Um that is selective compliance. At the same time
[08:49:53] selective compliance. At the same time we are being told to avoid discussing
[08:49:55] we are being told to avoid discussing CBAM while it is being actively defended
[08:49:57] CBAM while it is being actively defended in this very room. The CBM is a
[08:50:00] in this very room. The CBM is a unilateral trade measure that is already
[08:50:02] unilateral trade measure that is already increasing the cost of fertilizers,
[08:50:04] increasing the cost of fertilizers, driving up food prices and directly
[08:50:06] driving up food prices and directly undermining food security in developing
[08:50:08] undermining food security in developing countries. Just transitions cannot be
[08:50:10] countries. Just transitions cannot be achieved while such policies are allowed
[08:50:12] achieved while such policies are allowed to exacerbate poverty, deepen inequality
[08:50:15] to exacerbate poverty, deepen inequality and constrain our development pathways.
[08:50:17] and constrain our development pathways. This is not support nor cooperation.
[08:50:20] This is not support nor cooperation. What this represents is a new form of
[08:50:22] What this represents is a new form of economic pressure that seeks to dictate
[08:50:24] economic pressure that seeks to dictate national pathways and override domestic
[08:50:26] national pathways and override domestic priorities by imposing external models
[08:50:29] priorities by imposing external models under the guise of climate action. Um we
[08:50:32] under the guise of climate action. Um we will not accept turning this dialogue
[08:50:33] will not accept turning this dialogue which is meant to address the realities
[08:50:35] which is meant to address the realities of food security into a procedural
[08:50:37] of food security into a procedural exercise to attach it to processes where
[08:50:39] exercise to attach it to processes where it does not belong. So we stress unequiv
[08:50:42] it does not belong. So we stress unequiv unequivocally that the priority must be
[08:50:45] unequivocally that the priority must be an enabling environment at the global
[08:50:47] an enabling environment at the global level. This is the foundation of genuine
[08:50:50] level. This is the foundation of genuine international cooperation. This
[08:50:52] international cooperation. This necessarily requires the effective
[08:50:54] necessarily requires the effective operationalization
[08:50:55] operationalization of the principles of equity and CBDR as
[08:50:58] of the principles of equity and CBDR as set out in the relevant articles of the
[08:51:00] set out in the relevant articles of the UNF C and the Paris agreement. Um what
[08:51:04] UNF C and the Paris agreement. Um what this enabling environment also requires
[08:51:06] this enabling environment also requires is a clear rejection of climate related
[08:51:09] is a clear rejection of climate related trade unilater
[08:51:11] trade unilater as global disablers again such as CBAM
[08:51:15] as global disablers again such as CBAM which are inconsistent with article 3.5
[08:51:17] which are inconsistent with article 3.5 of the UNFC the negative impacts on
[08:51:20] of the UNFC the negative impacts on developing countries are neither
[08:51:22] developing countries are neither marginal nor theoretical they are
[08:51:24] marginal nor theoretical they are significant and demonstrable aggregate
[08:51:27] significant and demonstrable aggregate percentages and estimates particularly
[08:51:29] percentages and estimates particularly for LDC's obscure the substantial
[08:51:32] for LDC's obscure the substantial absolute impacts at the sectoral level.
[08:51:34] absolute impacts at the sectoral level. Moreover, the cascading effects on
[08:51:37] Moreover, the cascading effects on commodity uh prices across the global
[08:51:39] commodity uh prices across the global south and the resulting consequences for
[08:51:42] south and the resulting consequences for food security and access to food are
[08:51:44] food security and access to food are serious and cannot be minimized or
[08:51:45] serious and cannot be minimized or dismissed. We will speak and continue to
[08:51:48] dismissed. We will speak and continue to speak on this matter. Nonetheless, when
[08:51:50] speak on this matter. Nonetheless, when it comes to specific elements, um we're
[08:51:53] it comes to specific elements, um we're very concerned about the narrowing of
[08:51:55] very concerned about the narrowing of the scope and meaning of international
[08:51:56] the scope and meaning of international cooperation. A key element of
[08:51:59] cooperation. A key element of international cooperation is the
[08:52:00] international cooperation is the obligation of developed countries to
[08:52:02] obligation of developed countries to take the lead in mitigation and to
[08:52:04] take the lead in mitigation and to support developing countries in
[08:52:06] support developing countries in undertaking their climate action. Um
[08:52:09] undertaking their climate action. Um furthermore uh supporting adaptation
[08:52:12] furthermore uh supporting adaptation related finance requirements directly
[08:52:14] related finance requirements directly from developed to developing countries
[08:52:16] from developed to developing countries is therefore essential under article 9.1
[08:52:19] is therefore essential under article 9.1 and they have to be emphasized and
[08:52:20] and they have to be emphasized and reiterated. When it comes to
[08:52:22] reiterated. When it comes to agroecological and agroforestry
[08:52:25] agroecological and agroforestry approaches and circular economy
[08:52:26] approaches and circular economy principles, we must support holistic and
[08:52:28] principles, we must support holistic and nationally determined just transitions
[08:52:31] nationally determined just transitions that enhance food security, strengthen
[08:52:33] that enhance food security, strengthen adaptation, improve health and promote
[08:52:35] adaptation, improve health and promote sustainable livelihoods. So these
[08:52:37] sustainable livelihoods. So these agroecological and agroforestry
[08:52:39] agroecological and agroforestry approaches and circular economy
[08:52:41] approaches and circular economy principles have nothing to do with
[08:52:42] principles have nothing to do with commodity energy markets mentioned
[08:52:44] commodity energy markets mentioned previously in um the conference the
[08:52:47] previously in um the conference the conference hall uh breakout groups. Um
[08:52:50] conference hall uh breakout groups. Um also plants and trees do remove CO2 from
[08:52:52] also plants and trees do remove CO2 from all sources. Um we request that these
[08:52:55] all sources. Um we request that these important points are reflected
[08:52:57] important points are reflected accurately within the syn synthesis
[08:52:59] accurately within the syn synthesis report of the secretariat for this
[08:53:01] report of the secretariat for this dialogue. Um and once again uh thank you
[08:53:04] dialogue. Um and once again uh thank you to all parties for their constructive
[08:53:06] to all parties for their constructive and interesting discussions across the
[08:53:08] and interesting discussions across the different themes. We value this party
[08:53:10] different themes. We value this party exchange of views and best practices and
[08:53:13] exchange of views and best practices and we look forward to future dialogues.
[08:53:15] we look forward to future dialogues. Thank you.
[08:53:17] Thank you. >> Thank you. And just a reminder to
[08:53:19] >> Thank you. And just a reminder to everyone that you don't need to repeat
[08:53:20] everyone that you don't need to repeat the positions that you've repeated in
[08:53:22] the positions that you've repeated in other sessions of of the dialogue or in
[08:53:25] other sessions of of the dialogue or in your submissions and we will of course
[08:53:26] your submissions and we will of course report everything that's been reflected
[08:53:29] report everything that's been reflected in the dialogue accurately. So thank you
[08:53:31] in the dialogue accurately. So thank you very much. Now we have South Sudan in
[08:53:34] very much. Now we have South Sudan in the room. You have the floor.
[08:53:40] Bring him a microphone.
[08:53:45] Can Yes. Yeah.
[08:53:48] Thank you.
[08:53:53] >> Uh thank you madame share. I will not
[08:53:55] >> Uh thank you madame share. I will not have more to say. Uh I would just wanted
[08:53:58] have more to say. Uh I would just wanted to uh add uh some opinion. Uh some of
[08:54:02] to uh add uh some opinion. Uh some of the point has been mentioned by LDC
[08:54:06] the point has been mentioned by LDC representative and the African group and
[08:54:08] representative and the African group and in China. Uh but I want to having any
[08:54:11] in China. Uh but I want to having any specific uh statement about South Sudan.
[08:54:15] specific uh statement about South Sudan. You know, South Sudan is a one of a
[08:54:17] You know, South Sudan is a one of a vulnerable countries in the LDC uh
[08:54:20] vulnerable countries in the LDC uh countries particularly on flooding issue
[08:54:25] countries particularly on flooding issue and the drought uh cases. Uh come to the
[08:54:29] and the drought uh cases. Uh come to the point as we have been talking about the
[08:54:33] point as we have been talking about the the finance
[08:54:35] the finance uh the capacity building and technology
[08:54:38] uh the capacity building and technology and those three ones are the main uh uh
[08:54:42] and those three ones are the main uh uh tool for implementation. So I want to
[08:54:45] tool for implementation. So I want to sympathize how can we uh such a country
[08:54:50] sympathize how can we uh such a country like South Sudan which is vulnerable how
[08:54:53] like South Sudan which is vulnerable how can we cope up uh with uh vulnerability
[08:54:57] can we cope up uh with uh vulnerability and the climate adverse in a country. So
[08:55:00] and the climate adverse in a country. So I'm requesting those uh those country
[08:55:04] I'm requesting those uh those country who are having the capacity to do more
[08:55:06] who are having the capacity to do more and supporting the LDC country. Thank
[08:55:09] and supporting the LDC country. Thank you and back to you madame share.
[08:55:14] you and back to you madame share. >> Thank you so much South Sudan and yes I
[08:55:17] >> Thank you so much South Sudan and yes I will
[08:55:18] will we will we can come back to you after on
[08:55:21] we will we can come back to you after on your questions offline and then I invite
[08:55:23] your questions offline and then I invite the others in the room to please reach
[08:55:25] the others in the room to please reach out to you as well in response to your
[08:55:27] out to you as well in response to your very excellent questions. Now we have
[08:55:28] very excellent questions. Now we have Bkina Faso online and then just after
[08:55:31] Bkina Faso online and then just after that we have three speakers from
[08:55:33] that we have three speakers from Pakistan, Brazil and AGN and it's my
[08:55:35] Pakistan, Brazil and AGN and it's my intention to close the speaking list
[08:55:37] intention to close the speaking list there. Um, so unless anyone else has a
[08:55:41] there. Um, so unless anyone else has a Oh, Chile. Yes. And UK. Okay. So, I will
[08:55:46] Oh, Chile. Yes. And UK. Okay. So, I will close the speakers list there. Um,
[08:55:48] close the speakers list there. Um, because then we need to move to the
[08:55:50] because then we need to move to the closing plenary and we have the COP 31
[08:55:52] closing plenary and we have the COP 31 presidency. Oh, we have the Russian
[08:55:55] presidency. Oh, we have the Russian Federation um who's who's here to give
[08:55:58] Federation um who's who's here to give uh closing remarks as well. But thank
[08:56:02] uh closing remarks as well. But thank you. Um, Bkina Faso, you have the floor
[08:56:05] you. Um, Bkina Faso, you have the floor online. Can I just please implore
[08:56:06] online. Can I just please implore everyone to keep your remarks as short
[08:56:08] everyone to keep your remarks as short as as possible. We are you at the end of
[08:56:12] as as possible. We are you at the end of the the session and it would be great
[08:56:14] the the session and it would be great for everyone to be able to get out on
[08:56:15] for everyone to be able to get out on time um and to enjoy a final dinner at
[08:56:18] time um and to enjoy a final dinner at Yasu or to speak to each other. Um but
[08:56:21] Yasu or to speak to each other. Um but over to you Bkina Faso.
[08:56:29] >> Thank you very much u madame chair and I
[08:56:32] >> Thank you very much u madame chair and I will be very brief. It's uh all the
[08:56:34] will be very brief. It's uh all the points that uh has LDC and Bkina Fazo
[08:56:37] points that uh has LDC and Bkina Fazo have been well taken. Uh just a a remark
[08:56:41] have been well taken. Uh just a a remark and uh also to to ask your support. I'm
[08:56:45] and uh also to to ask your support. I'm from a franophhone speaking country. So
[08:56:48] from a franophhone speaking country. So I'm lucky enough that I could can speak
[08:56:50] I'm lucky enough that I could can speak English. We have in Africa Lucophone
[08:56:53] English. We have in Africa Lucophone countries. we have um French-speaking
[08:56:56] countries. we have um French-speaking countries that by default we can't give
[08:57:01] countries that by default we can't give a meaningful
[08:57:03] a meaningful uh input to the ongoing process and this
[08:57:07] uh input to the ongoing process and this is really a pledge for us that at least
[08:57:10] is really a pledge for us that at least under dialogues that we make an effort
[08:57:13] under dialogues that we make an effort uh to have translations to to allow some
[08:57:16] uh to have translations to to allow some of our colleagues are in the rooms from
[08:57:20] of our colleagues are in the rooms from departments who has meaningful examples
[08:57:23] departments who has meaningful examples that and serve the process and
[08:57:26] that and serve the process and unfortunately
[08:57:28] unfortunately they're not able to uh to really
[08:57:30] they're not able to uh to really participate in the meaningful way. We
[08:57:33] participate in the meaningful way. We are the United Nations and we're
[08:57:35] are the United Nations and we're supposed to make sure that we are
[08:57:37] supposed to make sure that we are inclusive enough. So that is the point
[08:57:40] inclusive enough. So that is the point that colleagues uh have sent to me and I
[08:57:43] that colleagues uh have sent to me and I wanted to to share that uh with you. In
[08:57:45] wanted to to share that uh with you. In the interest of time I will send the
[08:57:48] the interest of time I will send the others and unwritten. Thank you very
[08:57:51] others and unwritten. Thank you very much. Back to you.
[08:57:54] much. Back to you. >> Thank you.
[08:57:54] >> Thank you. >> You in meeting and there's no open
[08:57:56] >> You in meeting and there's no open interpretation.
[08:57:57] interpretation. >> Yes, Princess Bkinaaso under Yes. Point
[08:58:00] >> Yes, Princess Bkinaaso under Yes. Point well taken. Um, now we have Pakistan and
[08:58:04] well taken. Um, now we have Pakistan and then after that Brazil over to you
[08:58:06] then after that Brazil over to you Pakistan in the room.
[08:58:17] >> So yeah uh good evening everyone. Uh
[08:58:20] >> So yeah uh good evening everyone. Uh this is so bad. First of all, I would
[08:58:22] this is so bad. First of all, I would like to thank the chair uh and all the
[08:58:24] like to thank the chair uh and all the amazing facilitators for uh carrying out
[08:58:26] amazing facilitators for uh carrying out the amazing work inclusively. Uh
[08:58:29] the amazing work inclusively. Uh although we covered the most of the
[08:58:30] although we covered the most of the topics but very lesser emphasis was
[08:58:32] topics but very lesser emphasis was provided uh on the economic
[08:58:34] provided uh on the economic diversification that is needed along the
[08:58:36] diversification that is needed along the uh just transition let alone the uh
[08:58:39] uh just transition let alone the uh agriculture sector. So it is very
[08:58:41] agriculture sector. So it is very important to note that to ensure the
[08:58:43] important to note that to ensure the just transition meaning the lowcarbon
[08:58:46] just transition meaning the lowcarbon economy may not provide sufficient
[08:58:47] economy may not provide sufficient number of you know the job
[08:58:49] number of you know the job opportunities. Exactly where job in the
[08:58:51] opportunities. Exactly where job in the conventional economic structure were
[08:58:54] conventional economic structure were lost. So likewise the green job creation
[08:58:57] lost. So likewise the green job creation might not also happen at the same pace
[08:58:59] might not also happen at the same pace while we are ensuring the uh just energy
[08:59:01] while we are ensuring the uh just energy transition. So uh you know uh in order
[08:59:05] transition. So uh you know uh in order to uh so to the extent possible these
[08:59:08] to uh so to the extent possible these disconnects needs to be bridged by the
[08:59:10] disconnects needs to be bridged by the transition policies in order to minimize
[08:59:12] transition policies in order to minimize the dislocation and human suffering. And
[08:59:15] the dislocation and human suffering. And very lastly uh a huge facilitation is
[08:59:17] very lastly uh a huge facilitation is also needed in the development and
[08:59:19] also needed in the development and customization the development
[08:59:21] customization the development customization and use of tools and
[08:59:23] customization and use of tools and methodologies for modeling and assessing
[08:59:25] methodologies for modeling and assessing the impact of implementation of just
[08:59:27] the impact of implementation of just transition particularly through the lens
[08:59:29] transition particularly through the lens of you know the CBM policies while we
[08:59:32] of you know the CBM policies while we are ensuring the technology transfer for
[08:59:35] are ensuring the technology transfer for the developing economies uh to become
[08:59:37] the developing economies uh to become more just. Thank you.
[08:59:41] more just. Thank you. Thank you very much Pakistan um for
[08:59:43] Thank you very much Pakistan um for those thoughtful additional points. Well
[08:59:46] those thoughtful additional points. Well noted. Um now we have Brazil and then we
[08:59:48] noted. Um now we have Brazil and then we have the AGN after that. Um over to you.
[08:59:55] >> Well I will first I would like to thank
[08:59:58] >> Well I will first I would like to thank and and congratulate the secretary the
[09:00:00] and and congratulate the secretary the facilitators for this two days. They I
[09:00:03] facilitators for this two days. They I think they're were really important
[09:00:05] think they're were really important especially the the topic of food
[09:00:06] especially the the topic of food security is very much relevant to just
[09:00:09] security is very much relevant to just transitions and Brazil wants to very
[09:00:11] transitions and Brazil wants to very much to to engage in these conversations
[09:00:15] much to to engage in these conversations further but I will try refrain to
[09:00:17] further but I will try refrain to comments on on the specifics of of the
[09:00:21] comments on on the specifics of of the reports and in sake of time but I want
[09:00:25] reports and in sake of time but I want to to take a little bit of uh the role
[09:00:28] to to take a little bit of uh the role of of COP 30 presidency here to to for
[09:00:32] of of COP 30 presidency here to to for us to take into consideration the the
[09:00:34] us to take into consideration the the scope of the work that we have had as as
[09:00:37] scope of the work that we have had as as the secretary has already presented us.
[09:00:39] the secretary has already presented us. We have not only to to revise some some
[09:00:43] We have not only to to revise some some measures coming from the two dialogues
[09:00:46] measures coming from the two dialogues but also from we have to personalize the
[09:00:49] but also from we have to personalize the transition mechanisms and the review of
[09:00:51] transition mechanisms and the review of the work program. So building up on some
[09:00:54] the work program. So building up on some of the discussions we have today, I will
[09:00:57] of the discussions we have today, I will call some parties to start taking a more
[09:01:00] call some parties to start taking a more proactive uh attitude towards these
[09:01:03] proactive uh attitude towards these issues and bringing forward their their
[09:01:06] issues and bringing forward their their ideas in in in more specific terms. We
[09:01:09] ideas in in in more specific terms. We we we heard a lot about functions. We
[09:01:11] we we heard a lot about functions. We heard a lot about what form the
[09:01:13] heard a lot about what form the mechanisms would take. So I I would
[09:01:16] mechanisms would take. So I I would suggest that we we try to
[09:01:20] suggest that we we try to convey what the form we want, what
[09:01:22] convey what the form we want, what functions we want in the just transition
[09:01:24] functions we want in the just transition mechanisms and what will be the
[09:01:25] mechanisms and what will be the relationship with with the the just
[09:01:28] relationship with with the the just transition work program because this
[09:01:30] transition work program because this will help a lot for us to reach the
[09:01:31] will help a lot for us to reach the consensus in the lane. So I I I pledge
[09:01:34] consensus in the lane. So I I I pledge you to to be constructive and to have a
[09:01:36] you to to be constructive and to have a more proactive uh attitude towards this
[09:01:40] more proactive uh attitude towards this uh work that we have ahead uh to help
[09:01:43] uh work that we have ahead uh to help our friends from Australia and to Turkey
[09:01:45] our friends from Australia and to Turkey their job and so again I want to
[09:01:48] their job and so again I want to congratulate and look forward to meeting
[09:01:52] congratulate and look forward to meeting again. Thank you.
[09:01:55] again. Thank you. Thank you, Pedro, and and thanks again
[09:01:57] Thank you, Pedro, and and thanks again for the very important role that the COP
[09:01:59] for the very important role that the COP 30 presidency played um in the leadup
[09:02:02] 30 presidency played um in the leadup and at COP 30 obviously in on our
[09:02:04] and at COP 30 obviously in on our results. and it's um and continues to
[09:02:06] results. and it's um and continues to play and we're really grateful to have
[09:02:07] play and we're really grateful to have you here and so actively engaged um and
[09:02:10] you here and so actively engaged um and we look forward to that through SB64
[09:02:13] we look forward to that through SB64 and working with the incoming presidency
[09:02:15] and working with the incoming presidency as well and very much welcome your call
[09:02:18] as well and very much welcome your call to parties to to um be working together
[09:02:21] to parties to to um be working together in the spirit of cooperation that that
[09:02:24] in the spirit of cooperation that that got us the outcome at COP 30. So thank
[09:02:26] got us the outcome at COP 30. So thank you so much for those remarks. Now we
[09:02:29] you so much for those remarks. Now we have um ATN.
[09:02:30] have um ATN. >> Thank you very much uh Madame Chair. I
[09:02:33] >> Thank you very much uh Madame Chair. I add my voice to Brazil in saying a big
[09:02:35] add my voice to Brazil in saying a big thank you. I believe this has been a
[09:02:38] thank you. I believe this has been a very successful dialogue. Um I'm going
[09:02:40] very successful dialogue. Um I'm going to be very brief just trying to hook or
[09:02:44] to be very brief just trying to hook or anchor that the whole discussions or um
[09:02:48] anchor that the whole discussions or um that we've had today should actually be
[09:02:50] that we've had today should actually be hooked on on a silent statement in your
[09:02:55] hooked on on a silent statement in your concept note. It repeatedly and
[09:02:57] concept note. It repeatedly and deliberately used the phrase holistic
[09:02:59] deliberately used the phrase holistic and nonprescriptive approach and anchors
[09:03:02] and nonprescriptive approach and anchors the entire dialogue in nationally
[09:03:04] the entire dialogue in nationally defined development priorities. We
[09:03:06] defined development priorities. We believe that in preparing the final
[09:03:09] believe that in preparing the final synthesis you should take cognizance of
[09:03:11] synthesis you should take cognizance of this uh powerful statement that is
[09:03:15] this uh powerful statement that is anchored in the concept note. Thank you
[09:03:17] anchored in the concept note. Thank you madam chair.
[09:03:21] >> Thank you so much. Um, now we have Chile
[09:03:24] >> Thank you so much. Um, now we have Chile and then we have the UK and then the
[09:03:26] and then we have the UK and then the Russian Federation and then after that
[09:03:28] Russian Federation and then after that the speaking list is closed. Chile, you
[09:03:31] the speaking list is closed. Chile, you have the floor.
[09:03:33] have the floor. >> Thank you chair. I'll try to be brief.
[09:03:36] >> Thank you chair. I'll try to be brief. Um, beyond the specific contributions,
[09:03:39] Um, beyond the specific contributions, the existing of this word program
[09:03:41] the existing of this word program included its dialogues has served to
[09:03:43] included its dialogues has served to maintain and enhance the prominence of
[09:03:45] maintain and enhance the prominence of the transition on the international
[09:03:47] the transition on the international climate climate agenda. We cannot know
[09:03:50] climate climate agenda. We cannot know how many of the new indices included
[09:03:52] how many of the new indices included just transition consideration thanks to
[09:03:54] just transition consideration thanks to the existing of this web program. But
[09:03:56] the existing of this web program. But what we do know is that countries need
[09:03:58] what we do know is that countries need support and guidance to transform their
[09:04:01] support and guidance to transform their commitments into concrete actions that
[09:04:03] commitments into concrete actions that deliver justice to communities
[09:04:05] deliver justice to communities particularly though to those most
[09:04:07] particularly though to those most vulnerable and affected by climate
[09:04:09] vulnerable and affected by climate change and development gaps. When
[09:04:11] change and development gaps. When discussing justice a a concept that is
[09:04:14] discussing justice a a concept that is as personal as it is collective, it is
[09:04:16] as personal as it is collective, it is normal for tensions to arise. With this
[09:04:19] normal for tensions to arise. With this in mind, I believe this it is
[09:04:21] in mind, I believe this it is inconvenient to bring into this
[09:04:23] inconvenient to bring into this dialogues hard issues which firstly will
[09:04:26] dialogues hard issues which firstly will not find solutions here and secondly do
[09:04:28] not find solutions here and secondly do not contribute to the constructive
[09:04:30] not contribute to the constructive atmosphere under which we achieve the
[09:04:32] atmosphere under which we achieve the results of COV30.
[09:04:34] results of COV30. Decision 2 CMA 7 contains sufficient
[09:04:38] Decision 2 CMA 7 contains sufficient substantive elements to keep us busy for
[09:04:40] substantive elements to keep us busy for years to come. Fortunately, the
[09:04:42] years to come. Fortunately, the establishment of the JTM presents a
[09:04:45] establishment of the JTM presents a great opportunity to work in a structure
[09:04:47] great opportunity to work in a structure and efficient manner to deliver direct
[09:04:49] and efficient manner to deliver direct support to countries and communities in
[09:04:51] support to countries and communities in transition. However, just transition
[09:04:54] transition. However, just transition cannot be achieved through
[09:04:55] cannot be achieved through party-to-party dialogue alone and the
[09:04:57] party-to-party dialogue alone and the JTM provides the opportunity to
[09:04:59] JTM provides the opportunity to materialize the principle practices and
[09:05:01] materialize the principle practices and processes that the war program has
[09:05:03] processes that the war program has recognized as enabler for a goodable and
[09:05:06] recognized as enabler for a goodable and inclusive just transitions. Given the
[09:05:08] inclusive just transitions. Given the multis sectoral multi-dimensional and
[09:05:11] multis sectoral multi-dimensional and crosscoordinator of just transition
[09:05:13] crosscoordinator of just transition crucial decision must be made to avoid
[09:05:16] crucial decision must be made to avoid duplication with existing frameworks and
[09:05:18] duplication with existing frameworks and workstream within and outside the
[09:05:20] workstream within and outside the convention and instead establish a
[09:05:23] convention and instead establish a governance that promotes enga engagement
[09:05:25] governance that promotes enga engagement cooperation and synergies among all
[09:05:28] cooperation and synergies among all relevant stakeholders. The unif
[09:05:31] relevant stakeholders. The unif is already too complex and under
[09:05:33] is already too complex and under considerable budgetary constraint. So
[09:05:36] considerable budgetary constraint. So colleagues during this year we should
[09:05:38] colleagues during this year we should act with responsibility and under a
[09:05:40] act with responsibility and under a realistic approach of what the
[09:05:42] realistic approach of what the convention should and could do in the
[09:05:44] convention should and could do in the promotion of just transition worldwide.
[09:05:46] promotion of just transition worldwide. Thank you.
[09:05:50] >> Thank you so much Chile for those
[09:05:52] >> Thank you so much Chile for those remarks. Now we have United Kingdom.
[09:05:54] remarks. Now we have United Kingdom. >> Thank you very much for giving me the
[09:05:57] >> Thank you very much for giving me the floor. Um I will try and be as quick as
[09:05:59] floor. Um I will try and be as quick as I can although it's important to respond
[09:06:01] I can although it's important to respond to some of the issues raised by others
[09:06:03] to some of the issues raised by others and clarify our views. Um firstly want
[09:06:06] and clarify our views. Um firstly want to underline the point that all parties
[09:06:08] to underline the point that all parties have a responsibility to act to bring
[09:06:10] have a responsibility to act to bring forward NDC's representing their highest
[09:06:12] forward NDC's representing their highest possible ambition and to accelerate
[09:06:15] possible ambition and to accelerate implementation and that includes
[09:06:17] implementation and that includes implementation of the GST and and we've
[09:06:19] implementation of the GST and and we've heard today the relevance of of various
[09:06:20] heard today the relevance of of various aspects including paragraphs 28 33 to 36
[09:06:24] aspects including paragraphs 28 33 to 36 55 and 56 of decision 1 CMA 5 in the
[09:06:28] 55 and 56 of decision 1 CMA 5 in the context of food security agriculture and
[09:06:30] context of food security agriculture and the ocean and and the links to the
[09:06:32] the ocean and and the links to the energy transition. And perhaps I'll I'll
[09:06:35] energy transition. And perhaps I'll I'll want to clarify some mis
[09:06:36] want to clarify some mis misunderstandings with regards to
[09:06:37] misunderstandings with regards to mandates and the GST. Firstly, paragraph
[09:06:41] mandates and the GST. Firstly, paragraph 186 of the GST gave a mandate for work
[09:06:43] 186 of the GST gave a mandate for work programs to integrate the outcomes.
[09:06:46] programs to integrate the outcomes. Paragraph 8 of 2M7 gave the just
[09:06:49] Paragraph 8 of 2M7 gave the just transition work program again a mandate
[09:06:51] transition work program again a mandate to integrate relevant outcomes of the
[09:06:53] to integrate relevant outcomes of the GST and had clear language in relation
[09:06:56] GST and had clear language in relation to the energy transition and 1.5
[09:06:58] to the energy transition and 1.5 degrees. The just transition work
[09:07:00] degrees. The just transition work program has dialogues as we have today
[09:07:02] program has dialogues as we have today which produce reports where all parties
[09:07:04] which produce reports where all parties can raise their own views. It also has a
[09:07:06] can raise their own views. It also has a mandate to produce a report which serves
[09:07:08] mandate to produce a report which serves as an input into the GST which will
[09:07:11] as an input into the GST which will consider all of the issues discussed at
[09:07:13] consider all of the issues discussed at the dialogues and in our decisions.
[09:07:15] the dialogues and in our decisions. There is no ambiguity in these mandates.
[09:07:19] There is no ambiguity in these mandates. We also want to talk about the UKC ban
[09:07:21] We also want to talk about the UKC ban in response to comments raised by
[09:07:23] in response to comments raised by others. And I'll start by clarifying
[09:07:25] others. And I'll start by clarifying that that we are raising this purely in
[09:07:28] that that we are raising this purely in response to the points raised by others
[09:07:30] response to the points raised by others where there are some misconceptions
[09:07:31] where there are some misconceptions about relevance and and impacts for I am
[09:07:34] about relevance and and impacts for I am surprised this issue is being raised in
[09:07:36] surprised this issue is being raised in the context of a discussion on food
[09:07:37] the context of a discussion on food security, agriculture and ocean. Uh the
[09:07:41] security, agriculture and ocean. Uh the UK is taking the lead with our ambitious
[09:07:44] UK is taking the lead with our ambitious 1.5 aligned NDC to reduce emissions by
[09:07:47] 1.5 aligned NDC to reduce emissions by at least 1 point uh by at least 81%.
[09:07:50] at least 1 point uh by at least 81%. And we are backing ambitious targets
[09:07:52] And we are backing ambitious targets with ambitious implementation.
[09:07:55] with ambitious implementation. And so if carbon leakage is not
[09:07:56] And so if carbon leakage is not addressed, it will not be possible to
[09:07:58] addressed, it will not be possible to successfully decarbonize industry in the
[09:08:01] successfully decarbonize industry in the UK as any decarbonization could be
[09:08:04] UK as any decarbonization could be undermined by carbon leakage. Indeed,
[09:08:06] undermined by carbon leakage. Indeed, this could see global emissions increase
[09:08:08] this could see global emissions increase overall. Carbon leakage is a serious
[09:08:11] overall. Carbon leakage is a serious concern for the UK. Key industries at
[09:08:13] concern for the UK. Key industries at risk comprise 11% of 2022 UK GHG
[09:08:17] risk comprise 11% of 2022 UK GHG emissions. And the UK sebam is is one
[09:08:21] emissions. And the UK sebam is is one part of the UK's approach which includes
[09:08:23] part of the UK's approach which includes wider action to accelerate global
[09:08:25] wider action to accelerate global industrial decarbonization, support
[09:08:27] industrial decarbonization, support uptake of carbon pricing and encourage
[09:08:30] uptake of carbon pricing and encourage collaboration to tackle carbon leakage.
[09:08:32] collaboration to tackle carbon leakage. International cooperation that can
[09:08:34] International cooperation that can reduce carbon leakage is always our
[09:08:36] reduce carbon leakage is always our first choice. The UK is acting
[09:08:38] first choice. The UK is acting collaboratively to develop international
[09:08:40] collaboratively to develop international solutions including through the WTO,
[09:08:43] solutions including through the WTO, OECD and the climate club where for
[09:08:45] OECD and the climate club where for example we co-led development with
[09:08:47] example we co-led development with Turkey of principles for actions to
[09:08:50] Turkey of principles for actions to address carbon leakage. The UK is
[09:08:52] address carbon leakage. The UK is heavily involved in supporting green
[09:08:54] heavily involved in supporting green de-industrialization globally. This
[09:08:56] de-industrialization globally. This includes supporting the COP 30 roadmap
[09:08:58] includes supporting the COP 30 roadmap on international assistance and
[09:09:00] on international assistance and partnerships for green industry
[09:09:01] partnerships for green industry transitions and the global green
[09:09:03] transitions and the global green industrialization agenda and through
[09:09:05] industrialization agenda and through major multilateral climate funds such as
[09:09:08] major multilateral climate funds such as the climate investment fund and the
[09:09:09] the climate investment fund and the World Bank. So returning to the topic at
[09:09:12] World Bank. So returning to the topic at hand and and continuing the vein of
[09:09:14] hand and and continuing the vein of consideration of impacts, there's
[09:09:16] consideration of impacts, there's clearly a critical need to reduce
[09:09:18] clearly a critical need to reduce agricultural emissions and halt and
[09:09:20] agricultural emissions and halt and reverse deforestation which has provided
[09:09:23] reverse deforestation which has provided a guiding framework for the discussions
[09:09:25] a guiding framework for the discussions at this dialogue. It's critical to
[09:09:28] at this dialogue. It's critical to recognize that the impacts already seen
[09:09:30] recognize that the impacts already seen across the world in relation to
[09:09:31] across the world in relation to agriculture and food systems in
[09:09:33] agriculture and food systems in particular regarding economic and food
[09:09:35] particular regarding economic and food security. The very specific link between
[09:09:39] security. The very specific link between the energy industry and agricultural
[09:09:41] the energy industry and agricultural food security and the ocean is clear. So
[09:09:44] food security and the ocean is clear. So to respond to colleagues questioning
[09:09:45] to respond to colleagues questioning that link and we have seen this in the
[09:09:47] that link and we have seen this in the UK and internationally when energy
[09:09:49] UK and internationally when energy prices spike or there are severe energy
[09:09:52] prices spike or there are severe energy shortages this drives inflation
[09:09:54] shortages this drives inflation including in relation to food and
[09:09:56] including in relation to food and fertilizers and transport shipping
[09:09:57] fertilizers and transport shipping costs. This constrains economic growth
[09:10:00] costs. This constrains economic growth which ultimately impacts workers and
[09:10:02] which ultimately impacts workers and communities and risks food security.
[09:10:05] communities and risks food security. Indeed, the best available science from
[09:10:08] Indeed, the best available science from the IPCC in AR6 states that energy
[09:10:11] the IPCC in AR6 states that energy systems are linked to a range of
[09:10:13] systems are linked to a range of societal objectives, including energy
[09:10:15] societal objectives, including energy security and food security, and
[09:10:18] security and food security, and recognition of those impacts and links
[09:10:20] recognition of those impacts and links for the UK and for others, is important.
[09:10:24] for the UK and for others, is important. Recent events have demonstrated that
[09:10:25] Recent events have demonstrated that accelerating the clean energy transition
[09:10:27] accelerating the clean energy transition by transitioning away from fossil fuels
[09:10:30] by transitioning away from fossil fuels is both the best insurance against
[09:10:32] is both the best insurance against shocks and the positive economic choice.
[09:10:36] shocks and the positive economic choice. I will end there and just want to uh
[09:10:38] I will end there and just want to uh echo my thanks to to chairs,
[09:10:40] echo my thanks to to chairs, facilitators, presenters for their
[09:10:42] facilitators, presenters for their efforts and for the Republic of Korea
[09:10:44] efforts and for the Republic of Korea for graciously hosting us here. Thank
[09:10:45] for graciously hosting us here. Thank you.
[09:10:48] you. >> Thank you. UK. Okay, now we have the
[09:10:49] >> Thank you. UK. Okay, now we have the Russian Federation and we do have a
[09:10:52] Russian Federation and we do have a final request online from India. India,
[09:10:54] final request online from India. India, look, I can grant you that request, but
[09:10:56] look, I can grant you that request, but please, it needs to be very, very short.
[09:10:59] please, it needs to be very, very short. Um, Russian Federation, you have the
[09:11:02] Um, Russian Federation, you have the chair. I think there's a mic behind you.
[09:11:04] chair. I think there's a mic behind you. Yeah, you have the floor. Sorry.
[09:11:06] Yeah, you have the floor. Sorry. >> Uh, yes. Thank you, chair. First of all,
[09:11:08] >> Uh, yes. Thank you, chair. First of all, let me uh express my appreciation and
[09:11:12] let me uh express my appreciation and gratitude to the secretariat and the
[09:11:14] gratitude to the secretariat and the government of Republic of Korea for
[09:11:16] government of Republic of Korea for convening us here and conducting this
[09:11:18] convening us here and conducting this event. Uh today we had a very productive
[09:11:20] event. Uh today we had a very productive discussions on the role of just
[09:11:22] discussions on the role of just transitions uh in ensuring food
[09:11:24] transitions uh in ensuring food security. Parties presented their views
[09:11:26] security. Parties presented their views and best practices on how to integrate
[09:11:28] and best practices on how to integrate sustainable agriculture and oceanbased
[09:11:30] sustainable agriculture and oceanbased act actions into climate policy at the
[09:11:34] act actions into climate policy at the same time achieving just transitions and
[09:11:36] same time achieving just transitions and ensuring food security. uh is hindered
[09:11:38] ensuring food security. uh is hindered by the introduction of climate related
[09:11:40] by the introduction of climate related trade restrictive measures by some
[09:11:41] trade restrictive measures by some parties. We believe that such measures
[09:11:44] parties. We believe that such measures inconsistent with the basic provisions
[09:11:45] inconsistent with the basic provisions of the UNFC
[09:11:47] of the UNFC uh and the Paris agreement because they
[09:11:49] uh and the Paris agreement because they exerbate inequality within and between
[09:11:52] exerbate inequality within and between countries and forcing parties to choose
[09:11:54] countries and forcing parties to choose between climate action and sustainable
[09:11:55] between climate action and sustainable development.
[09:11:57] development. uh somebody said that it is not the
[09:11:59] uh somebody said that it is not the right place to discuss such issues but
[09:12:01] right place to discuss such issues but we believe it is necessary and it is in
[09:12:02] we believe it is necessary and it is in the mandate of the program to discuss
[09:12:04] the mandate of the program to discuss briefs and challenges to achieving just
[09:12:06] briefs and challenges to achieving just transitions in the space uh to implement
[09:12:09] transitions in the space uh to implement just transitions for all countries
[09:12:11] just transitions for all countries leaving no one behind unilateral
[09:12:12] leaving no one behind unilateral approaches should be avoided.
[09:12:14] approaches should be avoided. International cooperation is a critical
[09:12:16] International cooperation is a critical enabler for achieving a balanced
[09:12:18] enabler for achieving a balanced economic, social and environmental
[09:12:20] economic, social and environmental development and ensured for security and
[09:12:22] development and ensured for security and in this regard we're looking forward on
[09:12:25] in this regard we're looking forward on discussions about the just transition
[09:12:26] discussions about the just transition mechanisms that will provide necessary
[09:12:28] mechanisms that will provide necessary support to parties and enhance
[09:12:30] support to parties and enhance international cooperation in this area.
[09:12:32] international cooperation in this area. Thank you.
[09:12:34] Thank you. >> Thank you. And now the India the floor
[09:12:36] >> Thank you. And now the India the floor is yours and then after that we will
[09:12:38] is yours and then after that we will move to the the closing session. India
[09:12:41] move to the the closing session. India over to you. Thank you very much. Thank
[09:12:43] over to you. Thank you very much. Thank you very much chair and I apologize for
[09:12:45] you very much chair and I apologize for requesting the floor a little late and
[09:12:47] requesting the floor a little late and I'll be very very brief. Uh I don't want
[09:12:50] I'll be very very brief. Uh I don't want to repeat some of the points that have
[09:12:51] to repeat some of the points that have been said before uh by us as well as by
[09:12:54] been said before uh by us as well as by the LMDC but uh I just wanted to say
[09:12:57] the LMDC but uh I just wanted to say that we let very surprised about uh
[09:13:00] that we let very surprised about uh whether we are in a dialogue to speak
[09:13:02] whether we are in a dialogue to speak about food security or about an energy
[09:13:04] about food security or about an energy transition. It's not really very clear.
[09:13:06] transition. It's not really very clear. Food security for us is very it's very
[09:13:10] Food security for us is very it's very clearly stated in the IPCC report itself
[09:13:12] clearly stated in the IPCC report itself which some have termed here as the best
[09:13:14] which some have termed here as the best available science that food security in
[09:13:17] available science that food security in Africa and Asia and especially South
[09:13:19] Africa and Asia and especially South Asia is threatened by pathways that
[09:13:21] Asia is threatened by pathways that focus on land-based mitigation and so uh
[09:13:24] focus on land-based mitigation and so uh in fact the risk of hunger increases in
[09:13:26] in fact the risk of hunger increases in our regions when this happens. So if one
[09:13:29] our regions when this happens. So if one does want to be true to the science then
[09:13:32] does want to be true to the science then one cannot pick choose which science is
[09:13:34] one cannot pick choose which science is convenient and which is not. The other
[09:13:36] convenient and which is not. The other is that the the same science and the
[09:13:38] is that the the same science and the same reports very clearly also speak
[09:13:40] same reports very clearly also speak about parameters that must be used when
[09:13:43] about parameters that must be used when one determines whether an individual
[09:13:45] one determines whether an individual country's NDC's are aligned with 1.5° C
[09:13:49] country's NDC's are aligned with 1.5° C or not because 1.5 is a global target.
[09:13:51] or not because 1.5 is a global target. So it must be also clearly stated which
[09:13:54] So it must be also clearly stated which kinds of variables we're choosing to
[09:13:57] kinds of variables we're choosing to link individual country commitments to
[09:13:59] link individual country commitments to global uh targets temperature targets
[09:14:02] global uh targets temperature targets whichever temperature targets they are
[09:14:04] whichever temperature targets they are uh on CBAN specifically I think there is
[09:14:07] uh on CBAN specifically I think there is a very very clear mandate uh from the
[09:14:09] a very very clear mandate uh from the JTWP to discuss uh uh barriers and
[09:14:13] JTWP to discuss uh uh barriers and challenges as our colleague from Russian
[09:14:15] challenges as our colleague from Russian Federation has said already and uh that
[09:14:17] Federation has said already and uh that is why uh we don't see why this is a
[09:14:20] is why uh we don't see why this is a problem or why this invokes any
[09:14:22] problem or why this invokes any surprise. Uh commodity prices also
[09:14:25] surprise. Uh commodity prices also include food prices and there are
[09:14:27] include food prices and there are reports uh uh even emerging from
[09:14:29] reports uh uh even emerging from developed countries themselves that
[09:14:31] developed countries themselves that speak about the impacts across develop
[09:14:33] speak about the impacts across develop uh developing countries. I'll stop here
[09:14:35] uh developing countries. I'll stop here chair and thank you very much for the
[09:14:37] chair and thank you very much for the time.
[09:14:43] >> Thank you very much India. We will now
[09:14:46] >> Thank you very much India. We will now proceed with the closing plenary. So
[09:14:49] proceed with the closing plenary. So first just as we bring the this fifth
[09:14:53] first just as we bring the this fifth hybrid dialogue under United Arab
[09:14:55] hybrid dialogue under United Arab Emirates just transition work program to
[09:14:57] Emirates just transition work program to a close I want to thank you all for your
[09:14:59] a close I want to thank you all for your active engagement. Um it is really
[09:15:02] active engagement. Um it is really appreciated. I know that there are there
[09:15:04] appreciated. I know that there are there are some issues on on which there are
[09:15:06] are some issues on on which there are strong and divergent views. Um but thank
[09:15:08] strong and divergent views. Um but thank you for your engagement across the the
[09:15:12] you for your engagement across the the scope of the discussions under the under
[09:15:15] scope of the discussions under the under the workshop over the last two days.
[09:15:17] the workshop over the last two days. there's been some really rich and useful
[09:15:18] there's been some really rich and useful discussions and some really concrete um
[09:15:21] discussions and some really concrete um and actionable and useful solutions and
[09:15:23] and actionable and useful solutions and examples shared. Um and I thank you all
[09:15:26] examples shared. Um and I thank you all for that. Um the substit
[09:15:30] for that. Um the substit um will take your views very carefully
[09:15:33] um will take your views very carefully into account. We've I've been in many of
[09:15:35] into account. We've I've been in many of the sessions. The secretary has been
[09:15:37] the sessions. The secretary has been taking very comprehensive notes. So I I
[09:15:40] taking very comprehensive notes. So I I assure you that that all views will be
[09:15:42] assure you that that all views will be captured in the final report and we
[09:15:44] captured in the final report and we intend to publish the informal summary
[09:15:46] intend to publish the informal summary of this dialogue before the session of
[09:15:49] of this dialogue before the session of the subsidiary bodies in June. I did
[09:15:51] the subsidiary bodies in June. I did also just want to take a moment to say
[09:15:53] also just want to take a moment to say that that I have heard um and will relay
[09:15:56] that that I have heard um and will relay very clearly to Adonia as well the calls
[09:15:59] very clearly to Adonia as well the calls um for the need for this item to have
[09:16:02] um for the need for this item to have adequate time at SB64 um including to
[09:16:05] adequate time at SB64 um including to discuss all of all of its mandates. Um
[09:16:08] discuss all of all of its mandates. Um so thank you for that. We will we work
[09:16:10] so thank you for that. We will we work closely with the secretariat um to to be
[09:16:14] closely with the secretariat um to to be clear on the process to make sure you
[09:16:16] clear on the process to make sure you have as much time as possible and and to
[09:16:18] have as much time as possible and and to outline the approach to this this
[09:16:20] outline the approach to this this session as well. Um I'm now very
[09:16:24] session as well. Um I'm now very delighted to be joined by the um by Tuba
[09:16:28] delighted to be joined by the um by Tuba Ditchbas from the COP 31 presidency. Um,
[09:16:32] Ditchbas from the COP 31 presidency. Um, so thank you very much for taking the
[09:16:34] so thank you very much for taking the time to birth, particularly right at the
[09:16:36] time to birth, particularly right at the end of the of the climate week. We
[09:16:38] end of the of the climate week. We really appreciate it. Um, and I'd like
[09:16:40] really appreciate it. Um, and I'd like to hand the floor to you um for your
[09:16:43] to hand the floor to you um for your remarks, noting what a priority just
[09:16:46] remarks, noting what a priority just transition is for the incoming COP 31
[09:16:48] transition is for the incoming COP 31 presidency. Thank you.
[09:16:50] presidency. Thank you. >> Thank you. Thank you. Um, dear
[09:16:52] >> Thank you. Thank you. Um, dear delegates, it's a pleasure to be uh with
[09:16:56] delegates, it's a pleasure to be uh with you today. Uh at the outset, I would
[09:16:58] you today. Uh at the outset, I would like to express our sincere appreciation
[09:17:01] like to express our sincere appreciation to the Republic of Korea uh for their
[09:17:04] to the Republic of Korea uh for their warm hospital hospitality and I would
[09:17:07] warm hospital hospitality and I would also like to extend our thanks to the
[09:17:09] also like to extend our thanks to the secretariat and to the chairs and
[09:17:12] secretariat and to the chairs and facilitators for their guidance and
[09:17:14] facilitators for their guidance and efforts in organizing this dialogue. I
[09:17:17] efforts in organizing this dialogue. I would also like to thank all
[09:17:19] would also like to thank all participants for their active engagement
[09:17:21] participants for their active engagement and valuable contributions to the
[09:17:24] and valuable contributions to the dialogue under the just transition mer
[09:17:26] dialogue under the just transition mer program. On behalf of incoming COP 31
[09:17:29] program. On behalf of incoming COP 31 presidency and guided by our vision of
[09:17:32] presidency and guided by our vision of dialogue, consensus and action, we see
[09:17:35] dialogue, consensus and action, we see this process as an important opportunity
[09:17:37] this process as an important opportunity to build a shared understanding of how
[09:17:41] to build a shared understanding of how we can move forward together,
[09:17:43] we can move forward together, particularly in addressing
[09:17:44] particularly in addressing interconnected challenges such as
[09:17:47] interconnected challenges such as climate change, food security, and
[09:17:48] climate change, food security, and sustainable livelihoods.
[09:17:51] sustainable livelihoods. In this context, we highly value our
[09:17:53] In this context, we highly value our close and unique partnership with
[09:17:55] close and unique partnership with Australia and we are pleased to be
[09:17:57] Australia and we are pleased to be advancing this work together with
[09:17:59] advancing this work together with Australian colleagues. This cooperation
[09:18:01] Australian colleagues. This cooperation plays a key role in ensuring that this
[09:18:05] plays a key role in ensuring that this process remains inclusive, grounded and
[09:18:07] process remains inclusive, grounded and responsive to the needs and expectations
[09:18:09] responsive to the needs and expectations of parties. We consider just transition
[09:18:12] of parties. We consider just transition as a central priority for COP 31. In
[09:18:16] as a central priority for COP 31. In this context, this dialogue provided an
[09:18:19] this context, this dialogue provided an important space to advance discussions
[09:18:22] important space to advance discussions on just transition pathways for holistic
[09:18:24] on just transition pathways for holistic approaches to food security, including
[09:18:27] approaches to food security, including agriculture and oceans. Throughout the
[09:18:29] agriculture and oceans. Throughout the discussions, it has been clear that
[09:18:32] discussions, it has been clear that parties are actively exploring how to
[09:18:34] parties are actively exploring how to advance just transition pathways in
[09:18:36] advance just transition pathways in these sectors while also facing a range
[09:18:39] these sectors while also facing a range of practical challenges that need to be
[09:18:41] of practical challenges that need to be addressed. We hope that this rich and
[09:18:44] addressed. We hope that this rich and insightful exchanges will generate
[09:18:47] insightful exchanges will generate positive momentum toward bone and
[09:18:50] positive momentum toward bone and contribute to a more focused and outcome
[09:18:52] contribute to a more focused and outcome oriented pathway for COP 31. We are
[09:18:55] oriented pathway for COP 31. We are grateful for the opportunity to engage
[09:18:58] grateful for the opportunity to engage at this early stage of the COP 31 cycle
[09:19:01] at this early stage of the COP 31 cycle here in Yasu. Korea Climate Week has
[09:19:04] here in Yasu. Korea Climate Week has provided a timely platform to take stock
[09:19:06] provided a timely platform to take stock and reflect, particularly at a moment
[09:19:09] and reflect, particularly at a moment when confidence in multilateral climate
[09:19:12] when confidence in multilateral climate action increasingly depends on our
[09:19:14] action increasingly depends on our collective ability to translate
[09:19:16] collective ability to translate commitments into tangible outcomes
[09:19:19] commitments into tangible outcomes across sectors. As the Paris agreement
[09:19:22] across sectors. As the Paris agreement continues to move firmly into its
[09:19:24] continues to move firmly into its implementation phase, we place strong
[09:19:27] implementation phase, we place strong emphasis on how existing mandates, work
[09:19:30] emphasis on how existing mandates, work programs, and frameworks are translated
[09:19:33] programs, and frameworks are translated into practice, including in areas that
[09:19:35] into practice, including in areas that directly affect food security and
[09:19:37] directly affect food security and vulnerable communities. In the spread,
[09:19:40] vulnerable communities. In the spread, we will continue to engage closely with
[09:19:42] we will continue to engage closely with all parties and stakeholders in the
[09:19:45] all parties and stakeholders in the months ahead. With these remarks, I
[09:19:47] months ahead. With these remarks, I would like to thank all participants and
[09:19:49] would like to thank all participants and organizers for their valuable
[09:19:51] organizers for their valuable contribution and the excellent
[09:19:53] contribution and the excellent organization of this dialogue. We very
[09:19:56] organization of this dialogue. We very much look forward to welcoming you in
[09:19:58] much look forward to welcoming you in Antalya this November. Thanks.
[09:20:09] >> Thank you so much Tuba for those
[09:20:10] >> Thank you so much Tuba for those remarks. Um we really again appreciate
[09:20:13] remarks. Um we really again appreciate your time and just to send another
[09:20:15] your time and just to send another thanks to to Pedro from the COP 30
[09:20:17] thanks to to Pedro from the COP 30 presidency um and to Ingred who joined
[09:20:19] presidency um and to Ingred who joined us um from the Australian presidency of
[09:20:22] us um from the Australian presidency of the negotiation side earlier today. It's
[09:20:24] the negotiation side earlier today. It's really great to have the presidencies so
[09:20:27] really great to have the presidencies so engaged um and and willing to to come in
[09:20:30] engaged um and and willing to to come in and um and give their time and stay
[09:20:34] and um and give their time and stay across this this item which is really
[09:20:36] across this this item which is really critical for COP 31. So thank you. I did
[09:20:39] critical for COP 31. So thank you. I did also just want to make take a moment to
[09:20:41] also just want to make take a moment to say thank you again to Damon and Anna
[09:20:43] say thank you again to Damon and Anna for the organization of this workshop um
[09:20:47] for the organization of this workshop um and to the whole secretariat team.
[09:20:50] and to the whole secretariat team. Thank you.
[09:20:52] Thank you. And also just wanted to take a moment to
[09:20:54] And also just wanted to take a moment to thank again the um the government of
[09:20:57] thank again the um the government of Korea and to all the technical staff who
[09:20:59] Korea and to all the technical staff who are here running the microphones and the
[09:21:02] are here running the microphones and the sound and thank you very much
[09:21:06] sound and thank you very much for that. and to all of our
[09:21:09] for that. and to all of our facilitators and chairs. Thank you for
[09:21:11] facilitators and chairs. Thank you for your time. Okay, that's a lot of thank
[09:21:15] your time. Okay, that's a lot of thank you. All right, but thank you very much
[09:21:18] you. All right, but thank you very much colleagues. We have now come to the end
[09:21:20] colleagues. We have now come to the end of this fifth dialogue. Thank you once
[09:21:22] of this fifth dialogue. Thank you once again for your participation and
[09:21:23] again for your participation and engagement. It's been a real pleasure.
[09:21:25] engagement. It's been a real pleasure. Definitely look forward to working with
[09:21:27] Definitely look forward to working with you um over over the year to bring this
[09:21:30] you um over over the year to bring this to an an excellent outcome at COP 31.
[09:21:33] to an an excellent outcome at COP 31. Um, and Adonia and I look very much to
[09:21:35] Um, and Adonia and I look very much to working closely with you all at SB64,
[09:21:38] working closely with you all at SB64, which is, it says here, a little over a
[09:21:41] which is, it says here, a little over a month from now, which is slightly
[09:21:42] month from now, which is slightly terrifying, but so we look forward to
[09:21:45] terrifying, but so we look forward to seeing you there in Bond. Um, thank you
[09:21:47] seeing you there in Bond. Um, thank you very much to those online for making the
[09:21:49] very much to those online for making the time and for those who have traveled
[09:21:51] time and for those who have traveled here in person in Yasu. Take care,
[09:21:54] here in person in Yasu. Take care, colleagues.